//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This source file is part of the SwiftNIO open source project
//
// Copyright (c) 2017-2018 Apple Inc. and the SwiftNIO project authors
// Licensed under Apache License v2.0
//
// See LICENSE.txt for license information
// See CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of SwiftNIO project authors
//
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
//  Interfaces.swift
//  NIO
//
//  Created by Cory Benfield on 27/02/2018.
//

#if os(Linux) || os(FreeBSD) || os(Android)
import CNIOLinux
#endif

#if os(Windows)
import let WinSDK.AF_INET
import let WinSDK.AF_INET6

import let WinSDK.INET_ADDRSTRLEN
import let WinSDK.INET6_ADDRSTRLEN

import struct WinSDK.ADDRESS_FAMILY
import struct WinSDK.IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES
import struct WinSDK.IP_ADAPTER_UNICAST_ADDRESS

import typealias WinSDK.UINT8
#endif

#if !os(Windows)
private extension ifaddrs {
    var dstaddr: UnsafeMutablePointer<sockaddr>? {
        #if os(Linux) || os(Android)
        return self.ifa_ifu.ifu_dstaddr
        #elseif os(macOS) || os(iOS) || os(watchOS) || os(tvOS)
        return self.ifa_dstaddr
        #endif
    }

    var broadaddr: UnsafeMutablePointer<sockaddr>? {
        #if os(Linux) || os(Android)
        return self.ifa_ifu.ifu_broadaddr
        #elseif os(macOS) || os(iOS) || os(watchOS) || os(tvOS)
        return self.ifa_dstaddr
        #endif
    }
}
#endif

/// A representation of a single network device on a system.
public struct NIONetworkDevice {
    private var backing: Backing

    /// The name of the network device.
    public var name: String {
        get {
            return self.backing.name
        }
        set {
            self.uniquifyIfNeeded()
            self.backing.name = newValue
        }
    }

    /// The address associated with the given network device.
    public var address: SocketAddress? {
        get {
            return self.backing.address
        }
        set {
            self.uniquifyIfNeeded()
            self.backing.address = newValue
        }
    }

    /// The netmask associated with this address, if any.
    public var netmask: SocketAddress? {
        get {
            return self.backing.netmask
        }
        set {
            self.uniquifyIfNeeded()
            self.backing.netmask = newValue
        }
    }

    /// The broadcast address associated with this socket interface, if it has one. Some
    /// interfaces do not, especially those that have a `pointToPointDestinationAddress`.
    public var broadcastAddress: SocketAddress? {
        get {
            return self.backing.broadcastAddress
        }
        set {
            self.uniquifyIfNeeded()
            self.backing.broadcastAddress = newValue
        }
    }

    /// The address of the peer on a point-to-point interface, if this is one. Some
    /// interfaces do not have such an address: most of those have a `broadcastAddress`
    /// instead.
    public var pointToPointDestinationAddress: SocketAddress? {
        get {
            return self.backing.pointToPointDestinationAddress
        }
        set {
            self.uniquifyIfNeeded()
            self.backing.pointToPointDestinationAddress = newValue
        }
    }

    /// If the Interface supports Multicast
    public var multicastSupported: Bool {
        get {
            return self.backing.multicastSupported
        }
        set {
            self.uniquifyIfNeeded()
            self.backing.multicastSupported = newValue
        }
    }

    /// The index of the interface, as provided by `if_nametoindex`.
    public var interfaceIndex: Int {
        get {
            return self.backing.interfaceIndex
        }
        set {
            self.uniquifyIfNeeded()
            self.backing.interfaceIndex = newValue
        }
    }

    /// Create a brand new network interface.
    ///
    /// This constructor will fail if NIO does not understand the format of the underlying
    /// socket address family. This is quite common: for example, Linux will return AF_PACKET
    /// addressed interfaces on most platforms, which NIO does not currently understand.
#if os(Windows)
    internal init?(_ pAdapter: UnsafeMutablePointer<IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES>,
                   _ pAddress: UnsafeMutablePointer<IP_ADAPTER_UNICAST_ADDRESS>) {
        guard let backing = Backing(pAdapter, pAddress) else {
            return nil
        }
        self.backing = backing
    }
#else
    internal init?(_ caddr: ifaddrs) {
        guard let backing = Backing(caddr) else {
            return nil
        }

        self.backing = backing
    }
#endif

#if !os(Windows)
    /// Convert a `NIONetworkInterface` to a `NIONetworkDevice`. As `NIONetworkDevice`s are a superset of `NIONetworkInterface`s,
    /// it is always possible to perform this conversion.
    @available(*, deprecated, message: "This is a compatibility helper, and will be removed in a future release")
    public init(_ interface: NIONetworkInterface) {
        self.backing = Backing(
            name: interface.name,
            address: interface.address,
            netmask: interface.netmask,
            broadcastAddress: interface.broadcastAddress,
            pointToPointDestinationAddress: interface.pointToPointDestinationAddress,
            multicastSupported: interface.multicastSupported,
            interfaceIndex: interface.interfaceIndex
        )
    }
#endif

    public init(name: String,
                address: SocketAddress?,
                netmask: SocketAddress?,
                broadcastAddress: SocketAddress?,
                pointToPointDestinationAddress: SocketAddress,
                multicastSupported: Bool,
                interfaceIndex: Int) {
        self.backing = Backing(
            name: name,
            address: address,
            netmask: netmask,
            broadcastAddress: broadcastAddress,
            pointToPointDestinationAddress: pointToPointDestinationAddress,
            multicastSupported: multicastSupported,
            interfaceIndex: interfaceIndex
        )
    }

    private mutating func uniquifyIfNeeded() {
        if !isKnownUniquelyReferenced(&self.backing) {
            self.backing = Backing(copying: self.backing)
        }
    }
}

extension NIONetworkDevice {
    fileprivate final class Backing {
        /// The name of the network interface.
        var name: String

        /// The address associated with the given network interface.
        var address: SocketAddress?

        /// The netmask associated with this address, if any.
        var netmask: SocketAddress?

        /// The broadcast address associated with this socket interface, if it has one. Some
        /// interfaces do not, especially those that have a `pointToPointDestinationAddress`.
        var broadcastAddress: SocketAddress?

        /// The address of the peer on a point-to-point interface, if this is one. Some
        /// interfaces do not have such an address: most of those have a `broadcastAddress`
        /// instead.
        var pointToPointDestinationAddress: SocketAddress?

        /// If the Interface supports Multicast
        var multicastSupported: Bool

        /// The index of the interface, as provided by `if_nametoindex`.
        var interfaceIndex: Int

        /// Create a brand new network interface.
        ///
        /// This constructor will fail if NIO does not understand the format of the underlying
        /// socket address family. This is quite common: for example, Linux will return AF_PACKET
        /// addressed interfaces on most platforms, which NIO does not currently understand.
#if os(Windows)
        internal init?(_ pAdapter: UnsafeMutablePointer<IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES>,
                       _ pAddress: UnsafeMutablePointer<IP_ADAPTER_UNICAST_ADDRESS>) {
            self.name = String(decodingCString: pAdapter.pointee.FriendlyName,
                               as: UTF16.self)
            self.address = pAddress.pointee.Address.lpSockaddr.convert()

            // TODO: convert the prefix length to the mask itself
            let v4mask: (UINT8) -> SocketAddress? = { _ in
                var buffer: [CChar] =
                    Array<CChar>(repeating: 0, count: Int(INET_ADDRSTRLEN))
                var mask: sockaddr_in = sockaddr_in()
                mask.sin_family = ADDRESS_FAMILY(AF_INET)
                _ = buffer.withUnsafeMutableBufferPointer {
                    try! NIOBSDSocket.inet_ntop(af: .inet, src: &mask,
                                                dst: $0.baseAddress!,
                                                size: INET_ADDRSTRLEN)
                }
                return SocketAddress(mask, host: mask.addressDescription())
            }
            let v6mask: (UINT8) -> SocketAddress? = { _ in
                var buffer: [CChar] =
                    Array<CChar>(repeating: 0, count: Int(INET6_ADDRSTRLEN))
                var mask: sockaddr_in6 = sockaddr_in6()
                mask.sin6_family = ADDRESS_FAMILY(AF_INET6)
                _ = buffer.withUnsafeMutableBufferPointer {
                    try! NIOBSDSocket.inet_ntop(af: .inet6, src: &mask,
                                                dst: $0.baseAddress!,
                                                size: INET6_ADDRSTRLEN)
                }
                return SocketAddress(mask, host: mask.addressDescription())
            }

            switch pAddress.pointee.Address.lpSockaddr.pointee.sa_family {
            case ADDRESS_FAMILY(AF_INET):
                self.netmask = v4mask(pAddress.pointee.OnLinkPrefixLength)
                self.interfaceIndex = Int(pAdapter.pointee.IfIndex)
                break
            case ADDRESS_FAMILY(AF_INET6):
                self.netmask = v6mask(pAddress.pointee.OnLinkPrefixLength)
                self.interfaceIndex = Int(pAdapter.pointee.Ipv6IfIndex)
                break
            default:
              return nil
            }

            // TODO(compnerd) handle broadcast/ppp/multicast information
            self.broadcastAddress = nil
            self.pointToPointDestinationAddress = nil
            self.multicastSupported = false
        }
#else
        internal init?(_ caddr: ifaddrs) {
            self.name = String(cString: caddr.ifa_name)
            self.address = caddr.ifa_addr.flatMap { $0.convert() }
            self.netmask = caddr.ifa_netmask.flatMap { $0.convert() }

            if (caddr.ifa_flags & UInt32(IFF_BROADCAST)) != 0, let addr = caddr.broadaddr {
                self.broadcastAddress = addr.convert()
                self.pointToPointDestinationAddress = nil
            } else if (caddr.ifa_flags & UInt32(IFF_POINTOPOINT)) != 0, let addr = caddr.dstaddr {
                self.broadcastAddress = nil
                self.pointToPointDestinationAddress = addr.convert()
            } else {
                self.broadcastAddress = nil
                self.pointToPointDestinationAddress = nil
            }

            self.multicastSupported = (caddr.ifa_flags & UInt32(IFF_MULTICAST)) != 0
            do {
                self.interfaceIndex = Int(try Posix.if_nametoindex(caddr.ifa_name))
            } catch {
                return nil
            }
        }
#endif

        init(copying original: Backing) {
            self.name = original.name
            self.address = original.address
            self.netmask = original.netmask
            self.broadcastAddress = original.broadcastAddress
            self.pointToPointDestinationAddress = original.pointToPointDestinationAddress
            self.multicastSupported = original.multicastSupported
            self.interfaceIndex = original.interfaceIndex
        }

        init(name: String,
             address: SocketAddress?,
             netmask: SocketAddress?,
             broadcastAddress: SocketAddress?,
             pointToPointDestinationAddress: SocketAddress?,
             multicastSupported: Bool,
             interfaceIndex: Int) {
            self.name = name
            self.address = address
            self.netmask = netmask
            self.broadcastAddress = broadcastAddress
            self.pointToPointDestinationAddress = pointToPointDestinationAddress
            self.multicastSupported = multicastSupported
            self.interfaceIndex = interfaceIndex
        }
    }
}

extension NIONetworkDevice: CustomDebugStringConvertible {
    public var debugDescription: String {
        let baseString = "Device \(self.name): address \(String(describing: self.address))"
        let maskString = self.netmask != nil ? " netmask \(self.netmask!)" : ""
        return baseString + maskString
    }
}

// Sadly, as this is class-backed we cannot synthesise the implementation.
extension NIONetworkDevice: Equatable {
    public static func ==(lhs: NIONetworkDevice, rhs: NIONetworkDevice) -> Bool {
        return lhs.name == rhs.name &&
               lhs.address == rhs.address &&
               lhs.netmask == rhs.netmask &&
               lhs.broadcastAddress == rhs.broadcastAddress &&
               lhs.pointToPointDestinationAddress == rhs.pointToPointDestinationAddress &&
               lhs.interfaceIndex == rhs.interfaceIndex
    }
}

extension NIONetworkDevice: Hashable {
    public func hash(into hasher: inout Hasher) {
        hasher.combine(self.name)
        hasher.combine(self.address)
        hasher.combine(self.netmask)
        hasher.combine(self.broadcastAddress)
        hasher.combine(self.pointToPointDestinationAddress)
        hasher.combine(self.interfaceIndex)
    }
}

/// A representation of a single network interface on a system.
@available(*, deprecated, renamed: "NIONetworkDevice")
public final class NIONetworkInterface {
    // This is a class because in almost all cases this will carry
    // four structs that are backed by classes, and so will incur 4
    // refcount operations each time it is copied.

    /// The name of the network interface.
    public let name: String

    /// The address associated with the given network interface.
    public let address: SocketAddress

    /// The netmask associated with this address, if any.
    public let netmask: SocketAddress?

    /// The broadcast address associated with this socket interface, if it has one. Some
    /// interfaces do not, especially those that have a `pointToPointDestinationAddress`.
    public let broadcastAddress: SocketAddress?

    /// The address of the peer on a point-to-point interface, if this is one. Some
    /// interfaces do not have such an address: most of those have a `broadcastAddress`
    /// instead.
    public let pointToPointDestinationAddress: SocketAddress?

    /// If the Interface supports Multicast
    public let multicastSupported: Bool

    /// The index of the interface, as provided by `if_nametoindex`.
    public let interfaceIndex: Int

    /// Create a brand new network interface.
    ///
    /// This constructor will fail if NIO does not understand the format of the underlying
    /// socket address family. This is quite common: for example, Linux will return AF_PACKET
    /// addressed interfaces on most platforms, which NIO does not currently understand.
#if os(Windows)
    internal init?(_ pAdapter: UnsafeMutablePointer<IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES>,
                   _ pAddress: UnsafeMutablePointer<IP_ADAPTER_UNICAST_ADDRESS>) {
        self.name = String(decodingCString: pAdapter.pointee.FriendlyName,
                           as: UTF16.self)

        guard let address = pAddress.pointee.Address.lpSockaddr.convert() else {
          return nil
        }
        self.address = address

        // TODO: convert the prefix length to the mask itself
        let v4mask: (UINT8) -> SocketAddress? = { _ in
            var buffer: [CChar] =
                Array<CChar>(repeating: 0, count: Int(INET_ADDRSTRLEN))
            var mask: sockaddr_in = sockaddr_in()
            mask.sin_family = ADDRESS_FAMILY(AF_INET)
            _ = buffer.withUnsafeMutableBufferPointer {
                try! NIOBSDSocket.inet_ntop(af: .inet, src: &mask,
                                            dst: $0.baseAddress!,
                                            size: INET_ADDRSTRLEN)
            }
            return SocketAddress(mask, host: mask.addressDescription())
        }
        let v6mask: (UINT8) -> SocketAddress? = { _ in
            var buffer: [CChar] =
                Array<CChar>(repeating: 0, count: Int(INET6_ADDRSTRLEN))
            var mask: sockaddr_in6 = sockaddr_in6()
            mask.sin6_family = ADDRESS_FAMILY(AF_INET6)
            _ = buffer.withUnsafeMutableBufferPointer {
                try! NIOBSDSocket.inet_ntop(af: .inet6, src: &mask,
                                            dst: $0.baseAddress!,
                                            size: INET6_ADDRSTRLEN)
            }
            return SocketAddress(mask, host: mask.addressDescription())
        }

        switch pAddress.pointee.Address.lpSockaddr.pointee.sa_family {
        case ADDRESS_FAMILY(AF_INET):
            self.netmask = v4mask(pAddress.pointee.OnLinkPrefixLength)
            self.interfaceIndex = Int(pAdapter.pointee.IfIndex)
        case ADDRESS_FAMILY(AF_INET6):
            self.netmask = v6mask(pAddress.pointee.OnLinkPrefixLength)
            self.interfaceIndex = Int(pAdapter.pointee.Ipv6IfIndex)
        default:
            return nil
        }

        // TODO(compnerd) handle broadcast/ppp/multicast information
        self.broadcastAddress = nil
        self.pointToPointDestinationAddress = nil
        self.multicastSupported = false
    }
#else
    internal init?(_ caddr: ifaddrs) {
        self.name = String(cString: caddr.ifa_name)

        guard caddr.ifa_addr != nil else {
            return nil
        }

        guard let address = caddr.ifa_addr!.convert() else {
            return nil
        }
        self.address = address

        if let netmask = caddr.ifa_netmask {
            self.netmask = netmask.convert()
        } else {
            self.netmask = nil
        }

        if (caddr.ifa_flags & UInt32(IFF_BROADCAST)) != 0, let addr = caddr.broadaddr {
            self.broadcastAddress = addr.convert()
            self.pointToPointDestinationAddress = nil
        } else if (caddr.ifa_flags & UInt32(IFF_POINTOPOINT)) != 0, let addr = caddr.dstaddr {
            self.broadcastAddress = nil
            self.pointToPointDestinationAddress = addr.convert()
        } else {
            self.broadcastAddress = nil
            self.pointToPointDestinationAddress = nil
        }

        if (caddr.ifa_flags & UInt32(IFF_MULTICAST)) != 0 {
            self.multicastSupported = true
        } else {
            self.multicastSupported = false
        }

        do {
            self.interfaceIndex = Int(try Posix.if_nametoindex(caddr.ifa_name))
        } catch {
            return nil
        }
    }
#endif
}

@available(*, deprecated, renamed: "NIONetworkDevice")
extension NIONetworkInterface: CustomDebugStringConvertible {
    public var debugDescription: String {
        let baseString = "Interface \(self.name): address \(self.address)"
        let maskString = self.netmask != nil ? " netmask \(self.netmask!)" : ""
        return baseString + maskString
    }
}

@available(*, deprecated, renamed: "NIONetworkDevice")
extension NIONetworkInterface: Equatable {
    public static func ==(lhs: NIONetworkInterface, rhs: NIONetworkInterface) -> Bool {
        return lhs.name == rhs.name &&
               lhs.address == rhs.address &&
               lhs.netmask == rhs.netmask &&
               lhs.broadcastAddress == rhs.broadcastAddress &&
               lhs.pointToPointDestinationAddress == rhs.pointToPointDestinationAddress &&
               lhs.interfaceIndex == rhs.interfaceIndex
    }
}