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//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
//
// Copyright (c) 2020 Apple Inc. and the Swift project authors
// Licensed under Apache License v2.0 with Runtime Library Exception
//
// See https://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information
// See https://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
import Swift
@_implementationOnly import _SwiftConcurrencyShims
// ==== TaskGroup --------------------------------------------------------------
/// Starts a new scope that can contain a dynamic number of child tasks.
///
/// A group waits for all of its child tasks
/// to complete or be canceled before it returns.
/// After this function returns, the task group is always empty.
///
/// To collect the results of the group's child tasks,
/// you can use a `for`-`await`-`in` loop:
///
/// var sum = 0
/// for await result in group {
/// sum += result
/// }
///
/// If you need more control or only a few results,
/// you can call `next()` directly:
///
/// guard let first = await group.next() else {
/// group.cancelAll()
/// return 0
/// }
/// let second = await group.next() ?? 0
/// group.cancelAll()
/// return first + second
///
/// Task Group Cancellation
/// =======================
///
/// You can cancel a task group and all of its child tasks
/// by calling the `cancelAll()` method on the task group,
/// or by canceling the task in which the group is running.
///
/// If you call `addTask(priority:operation:)` to create a new task in a canceled group,
/// that task is immediately canceled after creation.
/// Alternatively, you can call `addTaskUnlessCancelled(priority:operation:)`,
/// which doesn't create the task if the group has already been canceled
/// Choosing between these two functions
/// lets you control how to react to cancellation within a group:
/// some child tasks need to run regardless of cancellation,
/// but other tasks are better not even being created
/// when you know they can't produce useful results.
///
/// Because the tasks you add to a group with this method are nonthrowing,
/// those tasks can't respond to cancellation by throwing `CancellationError`.
/// The tasks must handle cancellation in some other way,
/// such as returning the work completed so far, returning an empty result, or returning `nil`.
/// For tasks that need to handle cancellation by throwing an error,
/// use the `withThrowingTaskGroup(of:returning:body:)` method instead.
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@backDeployed(before: SwiftStdlib 6.0)
@inlinable
public func withTaskGroup<ChildTaskResult, GroupResult>(
of childTaskResultType: ChildTaskResult.Type,
returning returnType: GroupResult.Type = GroupResult.self,
isolation: isolated (any Actor)? = #isolation,
body: (inout TaskGroup<ChildTaskResult>) async -> GroupResult
) async -> GroupResult {
#if compiler(>=5.5) && $BuiltinTaskGroupWithArgument
let _group = Builtin.createTaskGroup(ChildTaskResult.self)
var group = TaskGroup<ChildTaskResult>(group: _group)
// Run the withTaskGroup body.
let result = await body(&group)
await group.awaitAllRemainingTasks()
Builtin.destroyTaskGroup(_group)
return result
#else
fatalError("Swift compiler is incompatible with this SDK version")
#endif
}
// Note: hack to stage out @_unsafeInheritExecutor forms of various functions
// in favor of #isolation. The _unsafeInheritExecutor_ prefix is meaningful
// to the type checker.
//
// This function also doubles as an ABI-compatibility shim predating the
// introduction of #isolation.
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@_silgen_name("$ss13withTaskGroup2of9returning4bodyq_xm_q_mq_ScGyxGzYaXEtYar0_lF")
@_unsafeInheritExecutor // for ABI compatibility
@inlinable
public func _unsafeInheritExecutor_withTaskGroup<ChildTaskResult, GroupResult>(
of childTaskResultType: ChildTaskResult.Type,
returning returnType: GroupResult.Type = GroupResult.self,
body: (inout TaskGroup<ChildTaskResult>) async -> GroupResult
) async -> GroupResult {
#if compiler(>=5.5) && $BuiltinTaskGroupWithArgument
let _group = Builtin.createTaskGroup(ChildTaskResult.self)
var group = TaskGroup<ChildTaskResult>(group: _group)
// Run the withTaskGroup body.
let result = await body(&group)
await group.awaitAllRemainingTasks()
Builtin.destroyTaskGroup(_group)
return result
#else
fatalError("Swift compiler is incompatible with this SDK version")
#endif
}
/// Starts a new scope that can contain a dynamic number of throwing child tasks.
///
/// A group waits for all of its child tasks
/// to complete before it returns. Even cancelled tasks must run until
/// completion before this function returns.
/// Cancelled child tasks cooperatively react to cancellation and attempt
/// to return as early as possible.
/// After this function returns, the task group is always empty.
///
/// To collect the results of the group's child tasks,
/// you can use a `for`-`await`-`in` loop:
///
/// var sum = 0
/// for try await result in group {
/// sum += result
/// }
///
/// If you need more control or only a few results,
/// you can call `next()` directly:
///
/// guard let first = try await group.next() else {
/// group.cancelAll()
/// return 0
/// }
/// let second = await group.next() ?? 0
/// group.cancelAll()
/// return first + second
///
/// Task Group Cancellation
/// =======================
///
/// You can cancel a task group and all of its child tasks
/// by calling the `cancelAll()` method on the task group,
/// or by canceling the task in which the group is running.
///
/// If you call `addTask(priority:operation:)` to create a new task in a canceled group,
/// that task is immediately canceled after creation.
/// Alternatively, you can call `addTaskUnlessCancelled(priority:operation:)`,
/// which doesn't create the task if the group has already been canceled
/// Choosing between these two functions
/// lets you control how to react to cancellation within a group:
/// some child tasks need to run regardless of cancellation,
/// but other tasks are better not even being created
/// when you know they can't produce useful results.
///
/// Error Handling
/// ==============
///
/// Throwing an error in one of the child tasks of a task group
/// doesn't immediately cancel the other tasks in that group.
/// However,
/// throwing out of the `body` of the `withThrowingTaskGroup` method does cancel
/// the group, and all of its child tasks.
/// For example,
/// if you call `next()` in the task group and propagate its error,
/// all other tasks are canceled.
/// For example, in the code below,
/// nothing is canceled and the group doesn't throw an error:
///
/// try await withThrowingTaskGroup(of: Void.self) { group in
/// group.addTask { throw SomeError() }
/// }
///
/// In contrast, this example throws `SomeError`
/// and cancels all of the tasks in the group:
///
/// try await withThrowingTaskGroup(of: Void.self) { group in
/// group.addTask { throw SomeError() }
/// try await group.next()
/// }
///
/// An individual task throws its error
/// in the corresponding call to `Group.next()`,
/// which gives you a chance to handle the individual error
/// or to let the group rethrow the error.
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@backDeployed(before: SwiftStdlib 6.0)
@inlinable
public func withThrowingTaskGroup<ChildTaskResult, GroupResult>(
of childTaskResultType: ChildTaskResult.Type,
returning returnType: GroupResult.Type = GroupResult.self,
isolation: isolated (any Actor)? = #isolation,
body: (inout ThrowingTaskGroup<ChildTaskResult, Error>) async throws -> GroupResult
) async rethrows -> GroupResult {
#if compiler(>=5.5) && $BuiltinTaskGroupWithArgument
let _group = Builtin.createTaskGroup(ChildTaskResult.self)
var group = ThrowingTaskGroup<ChildTaskResult, Error>(group: _group)
do {
// Run the withTaskGroup body.
let result = try await body(&group)
await group.awaitAllRemainingTasks()
Builtin.destroyTaskGroup(_group)
return result
} catch {
group.cancelAll()
await group.awaitAllRemainingTasks()
Builtin.destroyTaskGroup(_group)
throw error
}
#else
fatalError("Swift compiler is incompatible with this SDK version")
#endif
}
// Note: hack to stage out @_unsafeInheritExecutor forms of various functions
// in favor of #isolation. The _unsafeInheritExecutor_ prefix is meaningful
// to the type checker.
//
// This function also doubles as an ABI-compatibility shim predating the
// introduction of #isolation.
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@_silgen_name("$ss21withThrowingTaskGroup2of9returning4bodyq_xm_q_mq_Scgyxs5Error_pGzYaKXEtYaKr0_lF")
@_unsafeInheritExecutor // for ABI compatibility
public func _unsafeInheritExecutor_withThrowingTaskGroup<ChildTaskResult, GroupResult>(
of childTaskResultType: ChildTaskResult.Type,
returning returnType: GroupResult.Type = GroupResult.self,
body: (inout ThrowingTaskGroup<ChildTaskResult, Error>) async throws -> GroupResult
) async rethrows -> GroupResult {
#if compiler(>=5.5) && $BuiltinTaskGroupWithArgument
let _group = Builtin.createTaskGroup(ChildTaskResult.self)
var group = ThrowingTaskGroup<ChildTaskResult, Error>(group: _group)
do {
// Run the withTaskGroup body.
let result = try await body(&group)
await group.awaitAllRemainingTasks()
Builtin.destroyTaskGroup(_group)
return result
} catch {
group.cancelAll()
await group.awaitAllRemainingTasks()
Builtin.destroyTaskGroup(_group)
throw error
}
#else
fatalError("Swift compiler is incompatible with this SDK version")
#endif
}
/// A group that contains dynamically created child tasks.
///
/// To create a task group,
/// call the `withTaskGroup(of:returning:body:)` method.
///
/// Don't use a task group from outside the task where you created it.
/// In most cases,
/// the Swift type system prevents a task group from escaping like that
/// because adding a child task to a task group is a mutating operation,
/// and mutation operations can't be performed
/// from a concurrent execution context like a child task.
///
/// ### Task execution order
///
/// Tasks added to a task group execute concurrently, and may be scheduled in
/// any order.
///
/// ### Cancellation behavior
/// A task group becomes cancelled in one of the following ways:
///
/// - when ``cancelAll()`` is invoked on it,
/// - when the ``Task`` running this task group is cancelled.
///
/// Since a `TaskGroup` is a structured concurrency primitive, cancellation is
/// automatically propagated through all of its child-tasks (and their child
/// tasks).
///
/// A cancelled task group can still keep adding tasks, however they will start
/// being immediately cancelled, and may act accordingly to this. To avoid adding
/// new tasks to an already cancelled task group, use ``addTaskUnlessCancelled(priority:body:)``
/// rather than the plain ``addTask(priority:body:)`` which adds tasks unconditionally.
///
/// For information about the language-level concurrency model that `TaskGroup` is part of,
/// see [Concurrency][concurrency] in [The Swift Programming Language][tspl].
///
/// [concurrency]: https://docs.swift.org/swift-book/LanguageGuide/Concurrency.html
/// [tspl]: https://docs.swift.org/swift-book/
///
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@frozen
public struct TaskGroup<ChildTaskResult: Sendable> {
/// Group task into which child tasks offer their results,
/// and the `next()` function polls those results from.
@usableFromInline
internal let _group: Builtin.RawPointer
// No public initializers
@inlinable
init(group: Builtin.RawPointer) {
self._group = group
}
#if !SWIFT_STDLIB_TASK_TO_THREAD_MODEL_CONCURRENCY && !$Embedded
/// Adds a child task to the group.
///
/// - Parameters:
/// - priority: The priority of the operation task.
/// Omit this parameter or pass `.unspecified`
/// to set the child task's priority to the priority of the group.
/// - operation: The operation to execute as part of the task group.
@_alwaysEmitIntoClient
public mutating func addTask(
priority: TaskPriority? = nil,
operation: sending @escaping @isolated(any) () async -> ChildTaskResult
) {
#if compiler(>=5.5) && $BuiltinCreateAsyncTaskInGroup
#if SWIFT_STDLIB_TASK_TO_THREAD_MODEL_CONCURRENCY
let flags = taskCreateFlags(
priority: priority, isChildTask: true, copyTaskLocals: false,
inheritContext: false, enqueueJob: false,
addPendingGroupTaskUnconditionally: true,
isDiscardingTask: false
)
#else
let flags = taskCreateFlags(
priority: priority, isChildTask: true, copyTaskLocals: false,
inheritContext: false, enqueueJob: true,
addPendingGroupTaskUnconditionally: true,
isDiscardingTask: false)
#endif
// Create the task in this group.
#if $BuiltinCreateTask
let builtinSerialExecutor =
Builtin.extractFunctionIsolation(operation)?.unownedExecutor.executor
_ = Builtin.createTask(flags: flags,
initialSerialExecutor: builtinSerialExecutor,
taskGroup: _group,
operation: operation)
#else
_ = Builtin.createAsyncTaskInGroup(flags, _group, operation)
#endif
#else
fatalError("Unsupported Swift compiler")
#endif
}
/// Adds a child task to the group, unless the group has been canceled.
///
/// - Parameters:
/// - priority: The priority of the operation task.
/// Omit this parameter or pass `.unspecified`
/// to set the child task's priority to the priority of the group.
/// - operation: The operation to execute as part of the task group.
/// - Returns: `true` if the child task was added to the group;
/// otherwise `false`.
@_alwaysEmitIntoClient
public mutating func addTaskUnlessCancelled(
priority: TaskPriority? = nil,
operation: sending @escaping @isolated(any) () async -> ChildTaskResult
) -> Bool {
#if compiler(>=5.5) && $BuiltinCreateAsyncTaskInGroup
let canAdd = _taskGroupAddPendingTask(group: _group, unconditionally: false)
guard canAdd else {
// the group is cancelled and is not accepting any new work
return false
}
#if SWIFT_STDLIB_TASK_TO_THREAD_MODEL_CONCURRENCY
let flags = taskCreateFlags(
priority: priority, isChildTask: true, copyTaskLocals: false,
inheritContext: false, enqueueJob: false,
addPendingGroupTaskUnconditionally: false,
isDiscardingTask: false)
#else
let flags = taskCreateFlags(
priority: priority, isChildTask: true, copyTaskLocals: false,
inheritContext: false, enqueueJob: true,
addPendingGroupTaskUnconditionally: false,
isDiscardingTask: false)
#endif
// Create the task in this group.
#if $BuiltinCreateTask
let builtinSerialExecutor =
Builtin.extractFunctionIsolation(operation)?.unownedExecutor.executor
_ = Builtin.createTask(flags: flags,
initialSerialExecutor: builtinSerialExecutor,
taskGroup: _group,
operation: operation)
#else
_ = Builtin.createAsyncTaskInGroup(flags, _group, operation)
#endif
return true
#else
fatalError("Unsupported Swift compiler")
#endif
}
#elseif $Embedded
@_alwaysEmitIntoClient
public mutating func addTask(
priority: TaskPriority? = nil,
operation: sending @escaping () async -> ChildTaskResult
) {
#if compiler(>=5.5) && $BuiltinCreateAsyncTaskInGroup
#if SWIFT_STDLIB_TASK_TO_THREAD_MODEL_CONCURRENCY
let flags = taskCreateFlags(
priority: priority, isChildTask: true, copyTaskLocals: false,
inheritContext: false, enqueueJob: false,
addPendingGroupTaskUnconditionally: true,
isDiscardingTask: false
)
#else
let flags = taskCreateFlags(
priority: priority, isChildTask: true, copyTaskLocals: false,
inheritContext: false, enqueueJob: true,
addPendingGroupTaskUnconditionally: true,
isDiscardingTask: false)
#endif
// Create the task in this group.
_ = Builtin.createAsyncTaskInGroup(flags, _group, operation)
#else
fatalError("Unsupported Swift compiler")
#endif
}
@_alwaysEmitIntoClient
public mutating func addTaskUnlessCancelled(
priority: TaskPriority? = nil,
operation: sending @escaping () async -> ChildTaskResult
) -> Bool {
#if compiler(>=5.5) && $BuiltinCreateAsyncTaskInGroup
let canAdd = _taskGroupAddPendingTask(group: _group, unconditionally: false)
guard canAdd else {
// the group is cancelled and is not accepting any new work
return false
}
#if SWIFT_STDLIB_TASK_TO_THREAD_MODEL_CONCURRENCY
let flags = taskCreateFlags(
priority: priority, isChildTask: true, copyTaskLocals: false,
inheritContext: false, enqueueJob: false,
addPendingGroupTaskUnconditionally: false,
isDiscardingTask: false)
#else
let flags = taskCreateFlags(
priority: priority, isChildTask: true, copyTaskLocals: false,
inheritContext: false, enqueueJob: true,
addPendingGroupTaskUnconditionally: false,
isDiscardingTask: false)
#endif
// Create the task in this group.
_ = Builtin.createAsyncTaskInGroup(flags, _group, operation)
return true
#else
fatalError("Unsupported Swift compiler")
#endif
}
#else // if SWIFT_STDLIB_TASK_TO_THREAD_MODEL_CONCURRENCY
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.7, *)
@available(*, unavailable, message: "Unavailable in task-to-thread concurrency model", renamed: "addTask(operation:)")
public mutating func addTask(
priority: TaskPriority? = nil,
operation: sending @escaping @isolated(any) () async -> ChildTaskResult
) {
fatalError("Unavailable in task-to-thread concurrency model")
}
/// Adds a child task to the group.
///
/// - Parameters:
/// - operation: The operation to execute as part of the task group.
@_alwaysEmitIntoClient
public mutating func addTask(
operation: sending @escaping @isolated(any) () async -> ChildTaskResult
) {
#if compiler(>=5.5) && $BuiltinCreateAsyncTaskInGroup
let flags = taskCreateFlags(
priority: nil, isChildTask: true, copyTaskLocals: false,
inheritContext: false, enqueueJob: true,
addPendingGroupTaskUnconditionally: true,
isDiscardingTask: false)
// Create the task in this group.
#if $BuiltinCreateTask
let builtinSerialExecutor =
Builtin.extractFunctionIsolation(operation)?.unownedExecutor.executor
_ = Builtin.createTask(flags: flags,
initialSerialExecutor: builtinSerialExecutor,
taskGroup: _group,
operation: operation)
#else
_ = Builtin.createAsyncTaskInGroup(flags, _group, operation)
#endif
#else
fatalError("Unsupported Swift compiler")
#endif
}
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.7, *)
@available(*, unavailable, message: "Unavailable in task-to-thread concurrency model", renamed: "addTaskUnlessCancelled(operation:)")
public mutating func addTaskUnlessCancelled(
priority: TaskPriority? = nil,
operation: sending @escaping () async -> ChildTaskResult
) -> Bool {
fatalError("Unavailable in task-to-thread concurrency model")
}
/// Adds a child task to the group, unless the group has been canceled.
///
/// - Parameters:
/// - operation: The operation to execute as part of the task group.
/// - Returns: `true` if the child task was added to the group;
/// otherwise `false`.
@_alwaysEmitIntoClient
public mutating func addTaskUnlessCancelled(
operation: sending @escaping @isolated(any) () async -> ChildTaskResult
) -> Bool {
#if compiler(>=5.5) && $BuiltinCreateAsyncTaskInGroup
let canAdd = _taskGroupAddPendingTask(group: _group, unconditionally: false)
guard canAdd else {
// the group is cancelled and is not accepting any new work
return false
}
let flags = taskCreateFlags(
priority: nil, isChildTask: true, copyTaskLocals: false,
inheritContext: false, enqueueJob: true,
addPendingGroupTaskUnconditionally: false,
isDiscardingTask: false)
// Create the task in this group.
#if $BuiltinCreateTask
let builtinSerialExecutor =
Builtin.extractFunctionIsolation(operation)?.unownedExecutor.executor
_ = Builtin.createTask(flags: flags,
initialSerialExecutor: builtinSerialExecutor,
taskGroup: _group,
operation: operation)
#else
_ = Builtin.createAsyncTaskInGroup(flags, _group, operation)
#endif
return true
#else
fatalError("Unsupported Swift compiler")
#endif
}
#endif
/// Wait for the next child task to complete,
/// and return the value it returned.
///
/// The values returned by successive calls to this method
/// appear in the order that the tasks *completed*,
/// not in the order that those tasks were added to the task group.
/// For example:
///
/// group.addTask { 1 }
/// group.addTask { 2 }
///
/// print(await group.next())
/// // Prints either "2" or "1".
///
/// If there aren't any pending tasks in the task group,
/// this method returns `nil`,
/// which lets you write the following
/// to wait for a single task to complete:
///
/// if let first = try await group.next() {
/// return first
/// }
///
/// It also lets you write code like the following
/// to wait for all the child tasks to complete,
/// collecting the values they returned:
///
/// while let value = try await group.next() {
/// collected += value
/// }
/// return collected
///
/// Awaiting on an empty group
/// immediate returns `nil` without suspending.
///
/// You can also use a `for`-`await`-`in` loop to collect results of a task group:
///
/// for await try value in group {
/// collected += value
/// }
///
/// Don't call this method from outside the task
/// where you created this task group.
/// In most cases, the Swift type system prevents this mistake.
/// For example, because the `add(priority:operation:)` method is mutating,
/// that method can't be called from a concurrent execution context like a child task.
///
/// - Returns: The value returned by the next child task that completes.
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@backDeployed(before: SwiftStdlib 6.0)
public mutating func next(isolation: isolated (any Actor)? = #isolation) async -> ChildTaskResult? {
// try!-safe because this function only exists for Failure == Never,
// and as such, it is impossible to spawn a throwing child task.
return try! await _taskGroupWaitNext(group: _group) // !-safe cannot throw, we're a non-throwing TaskGroup
}
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@_disfavoredOverload
public mutating func next() async -> ChildTaskResult? {
// try!-safe because this function only exists for Failure == Never,
// and as such, it is impossible to spawn a throwing child task.
return try! await _taskGroupWaitNext(group: _group) // !-safe cannot throw, we're a non-throwing TaskGroup
}
/// Await all of the pending tasks added this group.
@usableFromInline
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@backDeployed(before: SwiftStdlib 6.0)
internal mutating func awaitAllRemainingTasks(isolation: isolated (any Actor)? = #isolation) async {
while let _ = await next(isolation: isolation) {}
}
@usableFromInline
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
internal mutating func awaitAllRemainingTasks() async {
while let _ = await next(isolation: nil) {}
}
/// Wait for all of the group's remaining tasks to complete.
@_alwaysEmitIntoClient
public mutating func waitForAll(isolation: isolated (any Actor)? = #isolation) async {
await awaitAllRemainingTasks(isolation: isolation)
}
/// A Boolean value that indicates whether the group has any remaining tasks.
///
/// At the start of the body of a `withTaskGroup(of:returning:body:)` call,
/// the task group is always empty.
/// It`s guaranteed to be empty when returning from that body
/// because a task group waits for all child tasks to complete before returning.
///
/// - Returns: `true` if the group has no pending tasks; otherwise `false`.
public var isEmpty: Bool {
_taskGroupIsEmpty(_group)
}
/// Cancel all of the remaining tasks in the group.
///
/// If you add a task to a group after canceling the group,
/// that task is canceled immediately after being added to the group.
///
/// Immediately cancelled child tasks should therefore cooperatively check for and
/// react to cancellation, e.g. by throwing an `CancellationError` at their
/// earliest convenience, or otherwise handling the cancellation.
///
/// There are no restrictions on where you can call this method.
/// Code inside a child task or even another task can cancel a group,
/// however one should be very careful to not keep a reference to the
/// group longer than the `with...TaskGroup(...) { ... }` method body is executing.
///
/// - SeeAlso: `Task.isCancelled`
/// - SeeAlso: `TaskGroup.isCancelled`
public func cancelAll() {
_taskGroupCancelAll(group: _group)
}
/// A Boolean value that indicates whether the group was canceled.
///
/// To cancel a group, call the `TaskGroup.cancelAll()` method.
///
/// If the task that's currently running this group is canceled,
/// the group is also implicitly canceled,
/// which is also reflected in this property's value.
public var isCancelled: Bool {
return _taskGroupIsCancelled(group: _group)
}
}
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@available(*, unavailable)
extension TaskGroup: Sendable { }
// Implementation note:
// We are unable to justâ„¢ abstract over Failure == Error / Never because of the
// complicated relationship between `group.spawn` which dictates if `group.next`
// AND the AsyncSequence conformances would be throwing or not.
//
// We would be able to abstract over TaskGroup<..., Failure> equal to Never
// or Error, and specifically only add the `spawn` and `next` functions for
// those two cases. However, we are not able to conform to AsyncSequence "twice"
// depending on if the Failure is Error or Never, as we'll hit:
// conflicting conformance of 'TaskGroup<ChildTaskResult, Failure>' to protocol
// 'AsyncSequence'; there cannot be more than one conformance, even with
// different conditional bounds
// So, sadly we're forced to duplicate the entire implementation of TaskGroup
// to TaskGroup and ThrowingTaskGroup.
//
// The throwing task group is parameterized with failure only because of future
// proofing, in case we'd ever have typed errors, however unlikely this may be.
// Today the throwing task group failure is simply automatically bound to `Error`.
/// A group that contains throwing, dynamically created child tasks.
///
/// To create a throwing task group,
/// call the `withThrowingTaskGroup(of:returning:body:)` method.
///
/// Don't use a task group from outside the task where you created it.
/// In most cases,
/// the Swift type system prevents a task group from escaping like that
/// because adding a child task to a task group is a mutating operation,
/// and mutation operations can't be performed
/// from concurrent execution contexts like a child task.
///
/// ### Task execution order
/// Tasks added to a task group execute concurrently, and may be scheduled in
/// any order.
///
/// ### Cancellation behavior
/// A task group becomes cancelled in one of the following ways:
///
/// - when ``cancelAll()`` is invoked on it,
/// - when an error is thrown out of the `withThrowingTaskGroup(...) { }` closure,
/// - when the ``Task`` running this task group is cancelled.
///
/// Since a `ThrowingTaskGroup` is a structured concurrency primitive, cancellation is
/// automatically propagated through all of its child-tasks (and their child
/// tasks).
///
/// A cancelled task group can still keep adding tasks, however they will start
/// being immediately cancelled, and may act accordingly to this. To avoid adding
/// new tasks to an already cancelled task group, use ``addTaskUnlessCancelled(priority:body:)``
/// rather than the plain ``addTask(priority:body:)`` which adds tasks unconditionally.
///
/// For information about the language-level concurrency model that `ThrowingTaskGroup` is part of,
/// see [Concurrency][concurrency] in [The Swift Programming Language][tspl].
///
/// [concurrency]: https://docs.swift.org/swift-book/LanguageGuide/Concurrency.html
/// [tspl]: https://docs.swift.org/swift-book/
///
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@frozen
public struct ThrowingTaskGroup<ChildTaskResult: Sendable, Failure: Error> {
/// Group task into which child tasks offer their results,
/// and the `next()` function polls those results from.
@usableFromInline
internal let _group: Builtin.RawPointer
// No public initializers
@inlinable
init(group: Builtin.RawPointer) {
self._group = group
}
/// Await all the remaining tasks on this group.
@usableFromInline
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@backDeployed(before: SwiftStdlib 6.0)
internal mutating func awaitAllRemainingTasks(isolation: isolated (any Actor)? = #isolation) async {
while true {
do {
guard let _ = try await next(isolation: isolation) else {
return
}
} catch {}
}
}
@usableFromInline
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
internal mutating func awaitAllRemainingTasks() async {
await awaitAllRemainingTasks(isolation: nil)
}
@usableFromInline
internal mutating func _waitForAll() async throws {
await self.awaitAllRemainingTasks()
}
/// Wait for all of the group's remaining tasks to complete.
///
/// If any of the tasks throw, the *first* error thrown is captured
/// and re-thrown by this method although the task group is *not* cancelled
/// when this happens.
///
/// ### Cancelling the task group on first error
///
/// If you want to cancel the task group, and all "sibling" tasks,
/// whenever any of child tasks throws an error, use the following pattern instead:
///
/// ```
/// while !group.isEmpty {
/// do {
/// try await group.next()
/// } catch is CancellationError {
/// // we decide that cancellation errors thrown by children,
/// // should not cause cancellation of the entire group.
/// continue;
/// } catch {
/// // other errors though we print and cancel the group,
/// // and all of the remaining child tasks within it.
/// print("Error: \(error)")
/// group.cancelAll()
/// }
/// }
/// assert(group.isEmpty())
/// ```
///
/// - Throws: The *first* error that was thrown by a child task during draining all the tasks.
/// This first error is stored until all other tasks have completed, and is re-thrown afterwards.
@_alwaysEmitIntoClient
public mutating func waitForAll(isolation: isolated (any Actor)? = #isolation) async throws {
var firstError: Error? = nil
// Make sure we loop until all child tasks have completed
while !isEmpty {
do {
while let _ = try await next() {}
} catch {
// Upon error throws, capture the first one
if firstError == nil {
firstError = error
}
}
}
if let firstError {
throw firstError
}
}
#if !SWIFT_STDLIB_TASK_TO_THREAD_MODEL_CONCURRENCY
/// Adds a child task to the group.
///
/// This method doesn't throw an error, even if the child task does.
/// Instead, the corresponding call to `ThrowingTaskGroup.next()` rethrows that error.
///
/// - Parameters:
/// - overridingPriority: The priority of the operation task.
/// Omit this parameter or pass `.unspecified`
/// to set the child task's priority to the priority of the group.
/// - operation: The operation to execute as part of the task group.
@_alwaysEmitIntoClient
public mutating func addTask(
priority: TaskPriority? = nil,
operation: sending @escaping @isolated(any) () async throws -> ChildTaskResult
) {
#if compiler(>=5.5) && $BuiltinCreateAsyncTaskInGroup
let flags = taskCreateFlags(
priority: priority, isChildTask: true, copyTaskLocals: false,
inheritContext: false, enqueueJob: true,
addPendingGroupTaskUnconditionally: true,
isDiscardingTask: false
)
// Create the task in this group.
#if $BuiltinCreateTask
let builtinSerialExecutor =
Builtin.extractFunctionIsolation(operation)?.unownedExecutor.executor
_ = Builtin.createTask(flags: flags,
initialSerialExecutor: builtinSerialExecutor,
taskGroup: _group,
operation: operation)
#else
_ = Builtin.createAsyncTaskInGroup(flags, _group, operation)
#endif
#else
fatalError("Unsupported Swift compiler")
#endif
}
/// Adds a child task to the group, unless the group has been canceled.
///
/// This method doesn't throw an error, even if the child task does.
/// Instead, the corresponding call to `ThrowingTaskGroup.next()` rethrows that error.
///
/// - Parameters:
/// - overridingPriority: The priority of the operation task.
/// Omit this parameter or pass `.unspecified`
/// to set the child task's priority to the priority of the group.
/// - operation: The operation to execute as part of the task group.
/// - Returns: `true` if the child task was added to the group;
/// otherwise `false`.
@_alwaysEmitIntoClient
public mutating func addTaskUnlessCancelled(
priority: TaskPriority? = nil,
operation: sending @escaping @isolated(any) () async throws -> ChildTaskResult
) -> Bool {
#if compiler(>=5.5) && $BuiltinCreateAsyncTaskInGroup
let canAdd = _taskGroupAddPendingTask(group: _group, unconditionally: false)
guard canAdd else {
// the group is cancelled and is not accepting any new work
return false
}
let flags = taskCreateFlags(
priority: priority, isChildTask: true, copyTaskLocals: false,
inheritContext: false, enqueueJob: true,
addPendingGroupTaskUnconditionally: false,
isDiscardingTask: false)
// Create the task in this group.
#if $BuiltinCreateTask
let builtinSerialExecutor =
Builtin.extractFunctionIsolation(operation)?.unownedExecutor.executor
_ = Builtin.createTask(flags: flags,
initialSerialExecutor: builtinSerialExecutor,
taskGroup: _group,
operation: operation)
#else
_ = Builtin.createAsyncTaskInGroup(flags, _group, operation)
#endif
return true
#else
fatalError("Unsupported Swift compiler")
#endif
}
#else
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.7, *)
@available(*, unavailable, message: "Unavailable in task-to-thread concurrency model", renamed: "addTask(operation:)")
public mutating func addTask(
priority: TaskPriority? = nil,
operation: sending @escaping () async throws -> ChildTaskResult
) {
fatalError("Unavailable in task-to-thread concurrency model")
}
/// Adds a child task to the group.
///
/// This method doesn't throw an error, even if the child task does.
/// Instead, the corresponding call to `ThrowingTaskGroup.next()` rethrows that error.
///
/// - Parameters:
/// - operation: The operation to execute as part of the task group.
@_alwaysEmitIntoClient
public mutating func addTask(
operation: sending @escaping () async throws -> ChildTaskResult
) {
#if compiler(>=5.5) && $BuiltinCreateAsyncTaskInGroup
let flags = taskCreateFlags(
priority: nil, isChildTask: true, copyTaskLocals: false,
inheritContext: false, enqueueJob: true,
addPendingGroupTaskUnconditionally: true,
isDiscardingTask: false)
// Create the task in this group.
_ = Builtin.createAsyncTaskInGroup(flags, _group, operation)
#else
fatalError("Unsupported Swift compiler")
#endif
}
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.7, *)
@available(*, unavailable, message: "Unavailable in task-to-thread concurrency model", renamed: "addTaskUnlessCancelled(operation:)")
public mutating func addTaskUnlessCancelled(
priority: TaskPriority? = nil,
operation: sending @escaping () async throws -> ChildTaskResult
) -> Bool {
fatalError("Unavailable in task-to-thread concurrency model")
}
/// Adds a child task to the group, unless the group has been canceled.
///
/// This method doesn't throw an error, even if the child task does.
/// Instead, the corresponding call to `ThrowingTaskGroup.next()` rethrows that error.
///
/// - Parameters:
/// - operation: The operation to execute as part of the task group.
/// - Returns: `true` if the child task was added to the group;
/// otherwise `false`.
@_alwaysEmitIntoClient
public mutating func addTaskUnlessCancelled(
operation: sending @escaping () async throws -> ChildTaskResult
) -> Bool {
#if compiler(>=5.5) && $BuiltinCreateAsyncTaskInGroup
let canAdd = _taskGroupAddPendingTask(group: _group, unconditionally: false)
guard canAdd else {
// the group is cancelled and is not accepting any new work
return false
}
let flags = taskCreateFlags(
priority: nil, isChildTask: true, copyTaskLocals: false,
inheritContext: false, enqueueJob: true,
addPendingGroupTaskUnconditionally: false,
isDiscardingTask: false)
// Create the task in this group.
_ = Builtin.createAsyncTaskInGroup(flags, _group, operation)
return true
#else
fatalError("Unsupported Swift compiler")
#endif
}
#endif
/// Wait for the next child task to complete,
/// and return the value it returned or rethrow the error it threw.
///
/// The values returned by successive calls to this method
/// appear in the order that the tasks *completed*,
/// not in the order that those tasks were added to the task group.
/// For example:
///
/// group.addTask { 1 }
/// group.addTask { 2 }
///
/// print(await group.next())
/// // Prints either "2" or "1".
///
/// If there aren't any pending tasks in the task group,
/// this method returns `nil`,
/// which lets you write the following
/// to wait for a single task to complete:
///
/// if let first = try await group.next() {
/// return first
/// }
///
/// It also lets you write code like the following
/// to wait for all the child tasks to complete,
/// collecting the values they returned:
///
/// while let first = try await group.next() {
/// collected += value
/// }
/// return collected
///
/// Awaiting on an empty group
/// immediately returns `nil` without suspending.
///
/// You can also use a `for`-`await`-`in` loop to collect results of a task group:
///
/// for try await value in group {
/// collected += value
/// }
///
/// If the next child task throws an error
/// and you propagate that error from this method
/// out of the body of a call to the
/// `ThrowingTaskGroup.withThrowingTaskGroup(of:returning:body:)` method,
/// then all remaining child tasks in that group are implicitly canceled.
///
/// Don't call this method from outside the task
/// where this task group was created.
/// In most cases, the Swift type system prevents this mistake;
/// for example, because the `add(priority:operation:)` method is mutating,
/// that method can't be called from a concurrent execution context like a child task.
///
/// - Returns: The value returned by the next child task that completes.
///
/// - Throws: The error thrown by the next child task that completes.
///
/// - SeeAlso: `nextResult()`
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@backDeployed(before: SwiftStdlib 6.0)
public mutating func next(isolation: isolated (any Actor)? = #isolation) async throws -> ChildTaskResult? {
return try await _taskGroupWaitNext(group: _group)
}
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@_disfavoredOverload
public mutating func next() async throws -> ChildTaskResult? {
return try await _taskGroupWaitNext(group: _group)
}
@_silgen_name("$sScg10nextResults0B0Oyxq_GSgyYaKF")
@usableFromInline
mutating func nextResultForABI() async throws -> Result<ChildTaskResult, Failure>? {
do {
guard let success: ChildTaskResult = try await _taskGroupWaitNext(group: _group) else {
return nil
}
return .success(success)
} catch {
return .failure(error as! Failure) // as!-safe, because we are only allowed to throw Failure (Error)
}
}
/// Wait for the next child task to complete,
/// and return a result containing either
/// the value that the child task returned or the error that it threw.
///
/// The values returned by successive calls to this method
/// appear in the order that the tasks *completed*,
/// not in the order that those tasks were added to the task group.
/// For example:
///
/// group.addTask { 1 }
/// group.addTask { 2 }
///
/// guard let result = await group.nextResult() else {
/// return // No task to wait on, which won't happen in this example.
/// }
///
/// switch result {
/// case .success(let value): print(value)
/// case .failure(let error): print("Failure: \(error)")
/// }
/// // Prints either "2" or "1".
///
/// If the next child task throws an error
/// and you propagate that error from this method
/// out of the body of a call to the
/// `ThrowingTaskGroup.withThrowingTaskGroup(of:returning:body:)` method,
/// then all remaining child tasks in that group are implicitly canceled.
///
/// - Returns: A `Result.success` value
/// containing the value that the child task returned,
/// or a `Result.failure` value
/// containing the error that the child task threw.
///
/// - SeeAlso: `next()`
@_alwaysEmitIntoClient
public mutating func nextResult(isolation: isolated (any Actor)? = #isolation) async -> Result<ChildTaskResult, Failure>? {
return try! await nextResultForABI()
}
/// A Boolean value that indicates whether the group has any remaining tasks.
///
/// At the start of the body of a `withThrowingTaskGroup(of:returning:body:)` call,
/// the task group is always empty.
///
/// It's guaranteed to be empty when returning from that body
/// because a task group waits for all child tasks to complete before returning.
///
/// - Returns: `true` if the group has no pending tasks; otherwise `false`.
public var isEmpty: Bool {
_taskGroupIsEmpty(_group)
}
/// Cancel all of the remaining tasks in the group.
///
/// If you add a task to a group after canceling the group,
/// that task is canceled immediately after being added to the group.
///
/// Immediately cancelled child tasks should therefore cooperatively check for and
/// react to cancellation, e.g. by throwing an `CancellationError` at their
/// earliest convenience, or otherwise handling the cancellation.
///
/// There are no restrictions on where you can call this method.
/// Code inside a child task or even another task can cancel a group,
/// however one should be very careful to not keep a reference to the
/// group longer than the `with...TaskGroup(...) { ... }` method body is executing.
///
/// - SeeAlso: `Task.isCancelled`
/// - SeeAlso: `ThrowingTaskGroup.isCancelled`
public func cancelAll() {
_taskGroupCancelAll(group: _group)
}
/// A Boolean value that indicates whether the group was canceled.
///
/// To cancel a group, call the `ThrowingTaskGroup.cancelAll()` method.
///
/// If the task that's currently running this group is canceled,
/// the group is also implicitly canceled,
/// which is also reflected in this property's value.
public var isCancelled: Bool {
return _taskGroupIsCancelled(group: _group)
}
}
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@available(*, unavailable)
extension ThrowingTaskGroup: Sendable { }
/// ==== TaskGroup: AsyncSequence ----------------------------------------------
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
extension TaskGroup: AsyncSequence {
public typealias AsyncIterator = Iterator
public typealias Element = ChildTaskResult
public func makeAsyncIterator() -> Iterator {
return Iterator(group: self)
}
/// A type that provides an iteration interface
/// over the results of tasks added to the group.
///
/// The elements returned by this iterator
/// appear in the order that the tasks *completed*,
/// not in the order that those tasks were added to the task group.
///
/// This iterator terminates after all tasks have completed.
/// After iterating over the results of each task,
/// it's valid to make a new iterator for the task group,
/// which you can use to iterate over the results of new tasks you add to the group.
/// For example:
///
/// group.addTask { 1 }
/// for await r in group { print(r) }
///
/// // Add a new child task and iterate again.
/// group.addTask { 2 }
/// for await r in group { print(r) }
///
/// - SeeAlso: `TaskGroup.next()`
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
public struct Iterator: AsyncIteratorProtocol {
public typealias Element = ChildTaskResult
@usableFromInline
var group: TaskGroup<ChildTaskResult>
@usableFromInline
var finished: Bool = false
// no public constructors
init(group: TaskGroup<ChildTaskResult>) {
self.group = group
}
/// Advances to and returns the result of the next child task.
///
/// The elements returned from this method
/// appear in the order that the tasks *completed*,
/// not in the order that those tasks were added to the task group.
/// After this method returns `nil`,
/// this iterator is guaranteed to never produce more values.
///
/// For more information about the iteration order and semantics,
/// see `TaskGroup.next()`.
///
/// - Returns: The value returned by the next child task that completes,
/// or `nil` if there are no remaining child tasks,
public mutating func next() async -> Element? {
guard !finished else { return nil }
guard let element = await group.next() else {
finished = true
return nil
}
return element
}
/// Advances to and returns the result of the next child task.
///
/// The elements returned from this method
/// appear in the order that the tasks *completed*,
/// not in the order that those tasks were added to the task group.
/// After this method returns `nil`,
/// this iterator is guaranteed to never produce more values.
///
/// For more information about the iteration order and semantics,
/// see `TaskGroup.next()`.
///
/// - Returns: The value returned by the next child task that completes,
/// or `nil` if there are no remaining child tasks,
@available(SwiftStdlib 6.0, *)
public mutating func next(isolation actor: isolated (any Actor)?) async -> Element? {
guard !finished else { return nil }
guard let element = await group.next(isolation: actor) else {
finished = true
return nil
}
return element
}
public mutating func cancel() {
finished = true
group.cancelAll()
}
}
}
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
extension ThrowingTaskGroup: AsyncSequence {
public typealias AsyncIterator = Iterator
public typealias Element = ChildTaskResult
public func makeAsyncIterator() -> Iterator {
return Iterator(group: self)
}
/// A type that provides an iteration interface
/// over the results of tasks added to the group.
///
/// The elements returned by this iterator
/// appear in the order that the tasks *completed*,
/// not in the order that those tasks were added to the task group.
///
/// This iterator terminates after all tasks have completed successfully,
/// or after any task completes by throwing an error.
/// If a task completes by throwing an error,
/// it doesn't return any further task results.
/// After iterating over the results of each task,
/// it's valid to make a new iterator for the task group,
/// which you can use to iterate over the results of new tasks you add to the group.
/// You can also make a new iterator to resume iteration
/// after a child task throws an error.
/// For example:
///
/// group.addTask { 1 }
/// group.addTask { throw SomeError }
/// group.addTask { 2 }
///
/// do {
/// // Assuming the child tasks complete in order, this prints "1"
/// // and then throws an error.
/// for try await r in group { print(r) }
/// } catch {
/// // Resolve the error.
/// }
///
/// // Assuming the child tasks complete in order, this prints "2".
/// for try await r in group { print(r) }
///
/// - SeeAlso: `ThrowingTaskGroup.next()`
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
public struct Iterator: AsyncIteratorProtocol {
public typealias Element = ChildTaskResult
@usableFromInline
var group: ThrowingTaskGroup<ChildTaskResult, Failure>
@usableFromInline
var finished: Bool = false
// no public constructors
init(group: ThrowingTaskGroup<ChildTaskResult, Failure>) {
self.group = group
}
/// Advances to and returns the result of the next child task.
///
/// The elements returned from this method
/// appear in the order that the tasks *completed*,
/// not in the order that those tasks were added to the task group.
/// After this method returns `nil`,
/// this iterator is guaranteed to never produce more values.
///
/// For more information about the iteration order and semantics,
/// see `ThrowingTaskGroup.next()`
///
/// - Throws: The error thrown by the next child task that completes.
///
/// - Returns: The value returned by the next child task that completes,
/// or `nil` if there are no remaining child tasks,
public mutating func next() async throws -> Element? {
guard !finished else { return nil }
do {
guard let element = try await group.next() else {
finished = true
return nil
}
return element
} catch {
finished = true
throw error
}
}
/// Advances to and returns the result of the next child task.
///
/// The elements returned from this method
/// appear in the order that the tasks *completed*,
/// not in the order that those tasks were added to the task group.
/// After this method returns `nil`,
/// this iterator is guaranteed to never produce more values.
///
/// For more information about the iteration order and semantics,
/// see `ThrowingTaskGroup.next()`
///
/// - Throws: The error thrown by the next child task that completes.
///
/// - Returns: The value returned by the next child task that completes,
/// or `nil` if there are no remaining child tasks,
@available(SwiftStdlib 6.0, *)
public mutating func next(isolation actor: isolated (any Actor)?) async throws(Failure) -> Element? {
guard !finished else { return nil }
do {
guard let element = try await group.next(isolation: actor) else {
finished = true
return nil
}
return element
} catch {
finished = true
throw error as! Failure
}
}
public mutating func cancel() {
finished = true
group.cancelAll()
}
}
}
// ==== -----------------------------------------------------------------------
// MARK: Runtime functions
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@_silgen_name("swift_taskGroup_destroy")
func _taskGroupDestroy(group: __owned Builtin.RawPointer)
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@_silgen_name("swift_taskGroup_addPending")
@usableFromInline
func _taskGroupAddPendingTask(
group: Builtin.RawPointer,
unconditionally: Bool
) -> Bool
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@_silgen_name("swift_taskGroup_cancelAll")
func _taskGroupCancelAll(group: Builtin.RawPointer)
/// Checks ONLY if the group was specifically canceled.
/// The task itself being canceled must be checked separately.
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@_silgen_name("swift_taskGroup_isCancelled")
func _taskGroupIsCancelled(group: Builtin.RawPointer) -> Bool
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@_silgen_name("swift_taskGroup_wait_next_throwing")
public func _taskGroupWaitNext<T>(group: Builtin.RawPointer) async throws -> T?
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@_silgen_name("swift_task_hasTaskGroupStatusRecord")
func _taskHasTaskGroupStatusRecord() -> Bool
@available(SwiftStdlib 6.0, *)
@_silgen_name("swift_task_hasTaskExecutorStatusRecord")
func _taskHasTaskExecutorStatusRecord() -> Bool
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
enum PollStatus: Int {
case empty = 0
case waiting = 1
case success = 2
case error = 3
}
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.1, *)
@_silgen_name("swift_taskGroup_isEmpty")
func _taskGroupIsEmpty(
_ group: Builtin.RawPointer
) -> Bool
// ==== TaskGroup Flags --------------------------------------------------------------
/// Flags for task groups.
///
/// This is a port of the C++ FlagSet.
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.8, *)
struct TaskGroupFlags {
/// The actual bit representation of these flags.
var bits: Int32 = 0
/// The priority given to the job.
var discardResults: Bool? {
get {
let value = (Int(bits) & 1 << 24)
return value > 0
}
set {
if newValue == true {
bits = bits | 1 << 24
} else {
bits = (bits & ~(1 << 23))
}
}
}
}
// ==== Task Creation Flags --------------------------------------------------
/// Form task creation flags for use with the createAsyncTask builtins.
@available(SwiftStdlib 5.8, *)
@_alwaysEmitIntoClient
func taskGroupCreateFlags(
discardResults: Bool) -> Int {
var bits = 0
if discardResults {
bits |= 1 << 8
}
return bits
}
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