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<HTML
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>System Monitoring</TITLE
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><DIV
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></A
>Chapter 7. System Monitoring</H1
><DIV
CLASS="TOC"
><DL
><DT
><B
>Table of Contents</B
></DT
><DT
>7.1. <A
HREF="system-resources.html"
>System Resources</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>7.1.1. <A
HREF="system-resources.html#TOP"
>The <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>top</B
> command.</A
></DT
><DT
>7.1.2. <A
HREF="system-resources.html#IOSTAT"
>The <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>iostat</B
> command.</A
></DT
><DT
>7.1.3. <A
HREF="system-resources.html#PS"
>The <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>ps</B
> command</A
></DT
><DT
>7.1.4. <A
HREF="system-resources.html#VMSTAT"
>The <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>vmstat</B
> command</A
></DT
><DT
>7.1.5. <A
HREF="system-resources.html#LSOF"
>The <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>lsof</B
> command</A
></DT
><DT
>7.1.6. <A
HREF="system-resources.html#MORE-UTILS"
>Finding More Utilities</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>7.2. <A
HREF="fs-usage.html"
>Filesystem Usage</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>7.2.1. <A
HREF="fs-usage.html#DF"
>The df command</A
></DT
><DT
>7.2.2. <A
HREF="fs-usage.html#DU"
>The du command</A
></DT
><DT
>7.2.3. <A
HREF="fs-usage.html#QUOTAS"
>Quotas</A
></DT
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></DD
><DT
>7.3. <A
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>Monitoring Users</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>7.3.1. <A
HREF="monitoring-users.html#WHO"
>The who command</A
></DT
><DT
>7.3.2. <A
HREF="monitoring-users.html#PS-U"
>The ps command -again!</A
></DT
><DT
>7.3.3. <A
HREF="monitoring-users.html#W"
>The w command</A
></DT
><DT
>7.3.4. <A
HREF="monitoring-users.html#SKILL"
>The skill command</A
></DT
><DT
>7.3.5. <A
HREF="monitoring-users.html#NICE"
>nice and renice</A
></DT
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><A
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><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="BLOCKQUOTE"
><P
><SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"That's Hall Monitor to you!"</SPAN
>Spongebob
Squarepants</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
><P
>One of the most important responsibilities a system administrator
has, is monitoring their systems. As a system administrator you'll need
the ability to find out what is happening on your system at any given
time. Whether it's the percentage of system's resources currently used,
what commands are being run, or who is logged on. This chapter will cover
how to monitor your system, and in some cases, how to resolve problems
that may arise.</P
><P
>When a performance issue arises, there are 4 main areas to consider:
CPU, Memory, Disk I/O, and Network. The ability to determine where the
bottleneck is can save you a lot of time.</P
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