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#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# gregorian.tcl --
#
# Routines for manipulating dates on the Gregorian calendar.
#
# Copyright (c) 2002 by Kevin B. Kenny. All rights reserved.
#
# See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution
# of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
package require Tcl 8.5 9; # Not tested with earlier releases
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# Many of the routines in this file accept the name of a "date array"
# in the caller's scope. This array is used to hold the various fields
# of a civil date. While few if any routines use or set all the fields,
# the fields, where used or set, are always interpreted the same way.
# The complete listing of fields used is:
#
# ERA -- The era in the given calendar to which a year refers.
# In the Julian and Gregorian calendars, the ERA is one
# of the constants, BCE or CE (Before the Common Era,
# or Common Era). The conventional names, BC and AD
# are also accepted. In other local calendars, the ERA
# may be some other value, for instance, the name of
# an emperor, AH (anno Hegirae or anno Hebraica), AM
# (anno mundi), etc.
#
# YEAR - The number of the year within the given era.
#
# FISCAL_YEAR - The year to which 'WEEK_OF_YEAR' (see below)
# refers. Near the beginning or end of a given
# calendar year, the fiscal week may be the first
# week of the following year or the last week of the
# preceding year.
#
# MONTH - The number of the month within the given year. Month
# numbers run from 1 to 12 in the common calendar; some
# local calendars include a thirteenth month in some years.
#
# WEEK_OF_YEAR - The week number in the given year. On the usual
# fiscal calendar, the week may range from 1 to 53.
#
# DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH - The ordinal number of a weekday within
# the given month. Used in conjunction
# with DAY_OF_WEEK to express constructs like,
# 'the fourth Thursday in November'.
# Values run from 1 to the number of weeks in
# the month. Negative values are interpreted
# from the end of the month; allowing
# for 'the last Sunday of October'; 'the
# next-to-last Sunday of October', etc.
#
# DAY_OF_YEAR - The day of the given year. (The first day of a year
# is day number 1.)
#
# DAY_OF_MONTH - The day of the given month.
#
# DAY_OF_WEEK - The number of the day of the week. Sunday = 0,
# Monday = 1, ..., Saturday = 6. In locales where
# a day other than Sunday is the first day of the week,
# the values of the days before it are incremented by
# seven; thus, in an ISO locale, Monday = 1, ...,
# Sunday == 7.
#
# The following fields in a date array change the behavior of FISCAL_YEAR
# and WEEK_OF_YEAR:
#
# DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK - The minimum number of days that a week must
# have before it is accounted the first week
# of a year. For the ISO fiscal calendar, this
# number is 4.
#
# FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK - The day of the week (Sunday = 0, ..., Saturday = 6)
# on which a new fiscal year begins. Days greater
# than 6 are reduced modulo 7.
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The calendar::CommonCalendar namespace contains code for handling
# dates on the 'common calendar' -- the civil calendar in virtually
# the entire Western world. The common calendar is the Julian
# calendar prior to a certain date that varies with the locale, and
# the Gregorian calendar thereafter.
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
namespace eval ::calendar::CommonCalendar {
namespace export WeekdayOnOrBefore
namespace export CivilYearToAbsolute
# Number of days in the months in a common year and a leap year
variable daysInMonth [list 31 28 31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31]
variable daysInMonthInLeapYear [list 31 29 31 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31]
# Number of days preceding the start of a given month in a leap year
# and common year. For convenience, these lists are zero based and
# contain a thirteenth month; [lindex $daysInPriorMonths 3], for instance
# gives the number of days preceding 1 March, and
# [lindex $daysInPriorMonths 13] gives the number of days in a common
# year.
variable d
variable dly
variable dp 0
variable dply 0
variable daysInPriorMonths [list {} 0]
variable daysInPriorMonthsInLeapYear [list {} 0]
foreach d $daysInMonth dly $daysInMonthInLeapYear {
lappend daysInPriorMonths [incr dp $d]
lappend daysInPriorMonthsInLeapYear [incr dply $dly]
}
unset d dly dp dply
}
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# ::calendar::CommonCalendar::WeekdayOnOrBefore --
#
# Determine the last time that a given day of the week occurs
# on or before a given date (e.g., Sunday on or before January 2).
#
# Parameters:
# weekday -- Day of the week (Sunday = 0 .. Saturday = 6)
# Days greater than 6 are interpreted modulo 7.
# j -- Julian day number.
#
# Results:
# Returns the Julian day number of the desired day.
#
# Side effects:
# None.
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
proc ::calendar::CommonCalendar::WeekdayOnOrBefore { weekday j } {
# Normalize weekday, Monday=0
set k [expr { ($weekday + 6) % 7 }]
return [expr { $j - ( $j - $k ) % 7 }]
}
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# ::calendar::CommonCalendar::CivilYearToAbsolute --
#
# Calculate an "absolute" year number, that is, the count of
# years from the common epoch, 1 B.C.E.
#
# Parameters:
# dateVar -- Name of an array in caller's scope containing the
# fields ERA (BCE or CE) and YEAR.
#
# Results:
# Returns an absolute year number. The years in the common era
# have their natural numbers; the year 1 BCE returns 0, 2 BCE returns
# -1, and so on.
#
# Side effects:
# None.
#
# The popular names BC and AD are accepted as synonyms for BCE and CE.
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
proc ::calendar::CommonCalendar::CivilYearToAbsolute { dateVar } {
upvar 1 $dateVar date
switch -exact $date(ERA) {
BCE - BC {
return [expr { 1 - $date(YEAR) }]
}
CE - AD {
return $date(YEAR)
}
default {
return -code error "Unknown era \"$date(ERA)\""
}
}
}
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The calendar::GregorianCalendar namespace contains codes specific to the
# Gregorian calendar. These codes deal specifically with dates after
# the conversion from the Julian to Gregorian calendars (which are
# various dates in various locales; 1582 in most Catholic countries,
# 1752 in most English-speaking countries, 1917 in Russia, ...).
# If presented with earlier dates, these codes will compute based on
# a hypothetical proleptic calendar.
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
namespace eval calendar::GregorianCalendar {
namespace import ::calendar::CommonCalendar::WeekdayOnOrBefore
namespace import ::calendar::CommonCalendar::CivilYearToAbsolute
namespace export IsLeapYear
namespace export EYMDToJulianDay
namespace export EYDToJulianDay
namespace export EFYWDToJulianDay
namespace export EYMWDToJulianDay
namespace export JulianDayToEYD
namespace export JulianDayToEYMD
namespace export JulianDayToEFYWD
namespace export JulianDayToEYMWD
# The Gregorian epoch -- 31 December, 1 B.C.E, Gregorian, expressed
# as a Julian day number. (This date is 2 January, 1 C.E., in the
# proleptic Julian calendar.)
variable epoch 1721425
# Common years - these years, mod 400, are the irregular common years
# of the Gregorian calendar
variable commonYears
array set commonYears { 100 {} 200 {} 300 {} }
}
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# ::calendar::GregorianCalendar::IsLeapYear
#
# Tests whether a year is a leap year.
#
# Parameters:
#
# y - Year number of the common era. The year 0 represents
# 1 BCE of the proleptic calendar, -1 represents 2 BCE, etc.
#
# Results:
#
# Returns 1 if the given year is a leap year, 0 otherwise.
#
# Side effects:
#
# None.
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
proc ::calendar::GregorianCalendar::IsLeapYear { y } {
variable commonYears
return [expr { ( $y % 4 ) == 0
&& ![info exists commonYears([expr { $y % 400 }])] }]
}
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# ::calendar::GregorianCalendar::EYMDToJulianDay
#
# Convert a date on the Gregorian calendar expressed as
# era (BCE or CE), year in the era, month number (January = 1)
# and day of the month to a Julian Day Number.
#
# Parameters:
#
# dateArray -- Name of an array in caller's scope containing
# keys ERA, YEAR, MONTH, and DAY_OF_MONTH
#
# Results:
#
# Returns the Julian Day Number of the day that starts with
# noon of the given date.
#
# Side effects:
#
# None.
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
proc ::calendar::GregorianCalendar::EYMDToJulianDay { dateArray } {
upvar 1 $dateArray date
variable epoch
variable ::calendar::CommonCalendar::daysInPriorMonths
variable ::calendar::CommonCalendar::daysInPriorMonthsInLeapYear
# Convert era and year to an absolute year number
set y [calendar::CommonCalendar::CivilYearToAbsolute date]
set ym1 [expr { $y - 1 }]
# Calculate the Julian day
return [expr { $epoch
+ $date(DAY_OF_MONTH)
+ ( [IsLeapYear $y] ?
[lindex $daysInPriorMonthsInLeapYear $date(MONTH)]
: [lindex $daysInPriorMonths $date(MONTH)] )
+ ( 365 * $ym1 )
+ ( $ym1 / 4 )
- ( $ym1 / 100 )
+ ( $ym1 / 400 ) }]
}
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# ::calendar::GregorianCalendar::EYDToJulianDay --
#
# Convert a date expressed in the Gregorian calendar as era (BCE or CE),
# year, and day-of-year to a Julian Day Number.
#
# Parameters:
#
# dateArray -- Name of an array in caller's scope containing
# keys ERA, YEAR, and DAY_OF_YEAR
#
# Results:
#
# Returns the Julian Day Number corresponding to noon of the given
# day.
#
# Side effects:
#
# None.
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
proc ::calendar::GregorianCalendar::EYDToJulianDay { dateArray } {
upvar 1 $dateArray date
variable epoch
set y [CivilYearToAbsolute date]
set ym1 [expr { $y - 1 }]
return [expr { $epoch
+ $date(DAY_OF_YEAR)
+ ( 365 * $ym1 )
+ ( $ym1 / 4 )
- ( $ym1 / 100 )
+ ( $ym1 / 400 ) }]
}
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# ::calendar::GregorianCalendar::EFYWDToJulianDay --
#
# Convert a date expressed in the system of era, fiscal year,
# week number and day number to a Julian Day Number.
#
# Parameters:
#
# dateArray -- Name of an array in caller's scope that contains
# keys ERA, FISCAL_YEAR, WEEK_OF_YEAR, and DAY_OF_WEEK,
# and optionally contains DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK
# and FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK.
# daysInFirstWeek -- Minimum number of days that a week must
# have to be considered the first week of a
# fiscal year. Default is 4, which gives
# ISO8601:1988 semantics. The parameter is
# used only if the 'dateArray' does not
# contain a DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK key.
# firstDayOfWeek -- Ordinal number of the first day of the week
# (Sunday = 0, Monday = 1, etc.) Default is
# 1, which gives ISO8601:1988 semantics. The
# parameter is used only if 'dateArray' does not
# contain a DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK key.n
#
# Results:
#
# Returns the Julian Calendar Day corresponding to noon of the given
# day.
#
# Side effects:
#
# None.
#
# The ERA element of the array is BCE or CE.
# The FISCAL_YEAR is the year number in the given era. The year is relative
# to the fiscal week; hence days that are early in January or late in
# December may belong to a different year than the calendar year.
# The WEEK_OF_YEAR is the ordinal number of the week within the year.
# Week 1 is the week beginning on the specified FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK
# (Sunday = 0, Monday = 1, etc.) and containing at least DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK
# days (or, equivalently, containing January DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK)
# The DAY_OF_WEEK is Sunday=0, Monday=1, ..., if FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK
# is 0, or Monday=1, Tuesday=2, ..., Sunday=7 if FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK
# is 1.
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
proc ::calendar::GregorianCalendar::EFYWDToJulianDay { dateArray
{daysInFirstWeek 4}
{firstDayOfWeek 1} } {
upvar 1 $dateArray date
# Use parameters to supply defaults if the array doesn't
# have conversion rules.
if { ![info exists date(DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK)] } {
set date(DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK) $daysInFirstWeek
}
if { ![info exists date(FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK)] } {
set date(FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK) $firstDayOfWeek
}
# Find the start of the fiscal year
set date2(ERA) $date(ERA)
set date2(YEAR) $date(FISCAL_YEAR)
set date2(MONTH) 1
set date2(DAY_OF_MONTH) $date(DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK)
set jd [WeekdayOnOrBefore \
$date(FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK) \
[EYMDToJulianDay date2]]
# Add the weeks and days.
return [expr { $jd
+ ( 7 * ( $date(WEEK_OF_YEAR) - 1 ) )
+ $date(DAY_OF_WEEK) - $date(FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK) }]
}
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# ::calendar::GregorianCalendar::EYMWDToJulianDay --
#
# Given era, year, month, and day of week in month (e.g. "first Tuesday")
# derive a Julian day number.
#
# Parameters:
# dateVar -- Name of an array in caller's scope containing the
# date fields.
#
# Results:
# Returns the desired Julian day number.
#
# Side effects:
# None.
#
# The 'dateVar' array is expected to contain the following keys:
# + ERA - The constant 'BCE' or 'CE'.
# + YEAR - The Gregorian calendar year
# + MONTH - The month of the year (1 = January .. 12 = December)
# + DAY_OF_WEEK - The day of the week (Sunday = 0 .. Saturday = 6)
# If day of week is 7 or greater, it is interpreted
# modulo 7.
# + DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH - The day of week within the month
# (1 = first XXXday, 2 = second XXDday, ...
# also -1 = last XXXday, -2 = next-to-last
# XXXday, ...)
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
proc ::calendar::GregorianCalendar::EYMWDToJulianDay { dateVar } {
upvar 1 $dateVar date
variable epoch
# Are we counting from the beginning or the end of the month?
array set date2 [array get date]
if { $date(DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH) >= 0 } {
# When counting from the start of the month, begin by
# finding the 'zeroeth' - the last day of the prior month.
# Note that it's ok to give EYMDToJulianDay a zero day-of-month!
set date2(DAY_OF_MONTH) 0
} else {
# When counting from the end of the month, the 'zeroeth'
# is the seventh of the following month. Note that it's ok
# to give EYMDToJulianDay a thirteenth month!
incr date2(MONTH)
set date2(DAY_OF_MONTH) 7
}
set zeroethDayOfMonth [EYMDToJulianDay date2]
# Find the zeroeth weekday in the given month
set wd0 [WeekdayOnOrBefore $date(DAY_OF_WEEK) $zeroethDayOfMonth]
# Add the requisite number of weeks
return [expr { $wd0 + 7 * $date(DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH) }]
}
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# ::calendar::GregorianCalendar::JulianDayToEYD --
#
# Given a Julian day number, compute era, year, and day of year.
#
# Parameters:
# j - Julian day number
# dateVar - Name of an array in caller's scope that will receive the
# date fields.
#
# Results:
# Returns an absolute year; that is, returns the year number for
# years in the Common Era; returns 0 for 1 B.C.E., -1 for 2 B.C.E.,
# and so on.
#
# Side effects:
# The 'dateVar' array is populated with the following:
# + ERA - The era corresponding to the given Julian Day.
# (BCE or CE)
# + YEAR - The year of the given era.
# + DAY_OF_YEAR - The day within the given year (1 = 1 January,
# etc.)
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
proc ::calendar::GregorianCalendar::JulianDayToEYD { j dateVar } {
upvar 1 $dateVar date
variable epoch
# Absolute day number relative to the Gregorian epoch
set day [expr { $j - $epoch - 1}]
# Count 400-year cycles
set year 1
set n [expr { $day / 146097 }]
incr year [expr { 400 * $n }]
set day [expr { $day % 146097 }]
# Count centuries
set n [expr { $day / 36524 }]
set day [expr { $day % 36524 }]
if { $n > 3 } { # Last day of 1600, 2000, 2400...
set n 3
incr day 36524
}
incr year [expr { 100 * $n }]
# Count 4-year cycles
set n [expr { $day / 1461 }]
set day [expr { $day % 1461 }]
incr year [expr { 4 * $n }]
# Count years
set n [expr { $day / 365 }]
set day [expr { $day % 365 }]
if { $n > 3 } { # December 31 of a leap year
set n 3
incr day 365
}
incr year $n
# Determine the era
if { $year <= 0 } {
set date(YEAR) [expr { 1 - $year }]
set date(ERA) BCE
} else {
set date(YEAR) $year
set date(ERA) CE
}
# Determine day of year.
set date(DAY_OF_YEAR) [expr { $day + 1 }]
return $year
}
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# ::calendar::GregorianCalendar::JulianDayToEYMD --
#
# Given a Julian day number, compute era, year, month, and day
# of the Gregorian calendar.
#
# Parameters:
# j - Julian day number
# dateVar - Name of a variable in caller's scope that will be
# filled in with the fields, ERA, YEAR, MONTH, DAY_OF_MONTH,
# and DAY_OF_YEAR (this last comes as a side effect of how
# the calculations are performed, but is trustworthy).
#
# Results:
# None.
#
# Side effects:
# Requested fields of dateVar are filled in.
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
proc ::calendar::GregorianCalendar::JulianDayToEYMD { j dateVar } {
upvar 1 $dateVar date
variable ::calendar::CommonCalendar::daysInMonth
variable ::calendar::CommonCalendar::daysInMonthInLeapYear
set year [JulianDayToEYD $j date]
set day $date(DAY_OF_YEAR)
if { [IsLeapYear $year] } {
set hath $daysInMonthInLeapYear
} else {
set hath $daysInMonth
}
set month 1
foreach n $hath {
if { $day <= $n } {
break
}
incr month
set day [expr { $day - $n }]
}
set date(MONTH) $month
set date(DAY_OF_MONTH) $day
return
}
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# ::calendar::GregorianCalendar::JulianDayToEFYWD --
#
# Given a julian day number, compute era, fiscal year, fiscal week,
# and day of week in a fiscal calendar based on the Gregorian calendar.
#
# Parameters:
# j - Julian day number
# dateVar - Name of an array in caller's scope that is to receive the
# fields of the date. The array may be prepared with
# DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK and FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK fields to
# change the rule for computing the fiscal week.
# daysInFirstWeek - (Optional) Parameter giving the minimum number
# of days in the first week of a year. Default is 4.
# firstDayOfWeek - (Optional) Parameter giving the day number of the
# first day of a fiscal week (Sunday = 0 ..
# Saturday = 6). Default is 1 (Monday).
#
# Results:
# None.
#
# Side effects:
# The ERA, YEAR, FISCAL_YEAR, DAY_OF_YEAR, WEEK_OF_YEAR, DAY_OF_WEEK,
# DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK, and FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK fields in the 'dateVar'
# array are filled in.
#
# If DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK or FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK fields are present in
# 'dateVar' prior to the call, they override any values passed on the
# command line.
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
proc ::calendar::GregorianCalendar::JulianDayToEFYWD { j
dateVar
{daysInFirstWeek 4}
{firstDayOfWeek 1} } {
upvar 1 $dateVar date
if { ![info exists date(DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK)] } {
set date(DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK) $daysInFirstWeek
}
if { ![info exists date(FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK)] } {
set date(FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK) $firstDayOfWeek
}
# Determine the calendar year of $j - $daysInFirstWeek + 1.
# Guess the fiscal year
JulianDayToEYD [expr { $j - $daysInFirstWeek + 1 }] date1
set date1(FISCAL_YEAR) [expr { $date1(YEAR) + 1 }]
# Determine the start of the fiscal year that we guessed
set date1(WEEK_OF_YEAR) 1
set date1(DAY_OF_WEEK) $firstDayOfWeek
set startOfFiscalYear [EFYWDToJulianDay \
date1 \
$date(DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK) \
$date(FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK)]
# If we guessed high, fix it.
if { $j < $startOfFiscalYear } {
incr date1(FISCAL_YEAR) -1
set startOfFiscalYear [EFYWDToJulianDay date1]
}
set date(FISCAL_YEAR) $date1(FISCAL_YEAR)
# Get the week number and the day within the week
set dayOfFiscalYear [expr { $j - $startOfFiscalYear }]
set date(WEEK_OF_YEAR) [expr { ( $dayOfFiscalYear / 7 ) + 1 }]
set date(DAY_OF_WEEK) [expr { ( $dayOfFiscalYear + 1 ) % 7 }]
if { $date(DAY_OF_WEEK) < $date(FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK) } {
incr date(DAY_OF_WEEK) 7
}
return
}
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# GregorianCalendar::JulianDayToEYMWD --
#
# Convert a Julian day number to year, month, day-of-week-in-month
# (e.g., first Tuesday), and day of week.
#
# Parameters:
# j - Julian day number
# dateVar - Name of an array in caller's scope that holds the
# fields of the date.
#
# Results:
# None.
#
# Side effects:
# The ERA, YEAR, MONTH, DAY_OF_MONTH, DAY_OF_WEEK, and
# DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH fields of the given date are all filled
# in.
#
# Notes:
# DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH is always positive on return.
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
proc ::calendar::GregorianCalendar::JulianDayToEYMWD { j dateVar } {
upvar 1 $dateVar date
# Compute era, year, month and day
JulianDayToEYMD $j date
# Find day of week
set date(DAY_OF_WEEK) [expr { ( $j + 1 ) % 7 }]
# Find day of week in month
set date(DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH) \
[expr { ( ( $date(DAY_OF_MONTH) - 1 ) / 7) + 1 }]
return
}
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