1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta name="generator"
content="HTML Tidy for Linux/x86 (vers 1st March 2002), see www.w3.org" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type"
content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" />
<title>Chapter 9. Previewing</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="mtw.css" type="text/css" />
<meta name="generator"
content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.53.0" />
<link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Making TeX Work" />
<link rel="up" href="pt02.html"
title="Part II. Elements of a Complex Document" />
<link rel="previous" href="ch08.html"
title="Chapter 8. Printing" />
<link rel="next" href="ch10.html"
title="Chapter 10. Online Documentation" />
</head>
<body>
<div class="navheader">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"
width="100%" summary="Navigation table">
<tr>
<td align="left"> <a title="Making TeX Work"
href="index.html"><img src="figures/nav-home.png"
alt="Home" border="0" /></a> <a
title="Chapter 8. Printing"
href="ch08.html"><img src="figures/nav-prev.png"
alt="Prev" border="0" /></a> <a
title="Part II. Elements of a Complex Document"
href="pt02.html"><img src="figures/nav-up.png" alt="Up"
border="0" /></a> <a
title="Chapter 10. Online Documentation"
href="ch10.html"><img src="figures/nav-next.png"
alt="Next" border="0" /></a></td>
<td align="right"><i>Making TeX Work</i> Version 1.0.1
<span class="alpha-version">(<a
href="co01.html"><em>Alpha</em></a>)</span></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="chapter">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h2 class="title"><a id="chap.preview"
name="chap.preview"></a>Chapter 9. Previewing</h2>
</div>
<div>
<p class="releaseinfo">$Revision: 1.1 $</p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="pubdate">$Date: 2002/08/23 14:31:13 $</p>
</div>
<hr class="component-separator" />
</div>
<p><a id="id2902540" class="indexterm"
name="id2902540"></a><a id="id2902547" class="indexterm"
name="id2902547"></a>Because TeX is not interactive, most TeX
documents are developed iteratively. After adding a
significant amount of text or changing the format of a
document, you'll want to see what the document looks like.
Then you can add more text or try different formats. Then,
it's helpful to see it again $…$</p>
<p>You could print the document, but that's wasteful and slow
(not to mention environmentally unfriendly). This is where
screen previewers enter the picture. They allow you to look
at your document on a video display.</p>
<p>Accurate previewing is more difficult than printing your
document for several reasons. Screen displays are much more
diverse than printers (previewing on a PC is very different
from previewing on a workstation running X11 even though
printing to a LaserJet printer is essentially the same from
both places). Also, it's very difficult to preview documents
that use printer-specific features. For example, if you use a
PostScript figure in your document, it will be very easy to
print on a PostScript printer, but on most platforms it is
much more difficult to preview that document on the screen
(two exceptions are the Amiga and NeXT which have integrated
support for displaying PostScript images).</p>
<p>In the following sections I'll explore options for
previewing on several platforms. The X Window System is
usually associated with unix workstations, but several PC
implementations (running under both MS-DOS and OS/2) are now
available. The X11 previewers described here may be available
for those systems, but I haven't seen them.
<b>Ghostscript</b> is another previewing option that is
available on several platforms so it is described in its own
section.</p>
<p>Table <a href="ch09.html#tab.previewers"
title="Table 9.1. Common Previewers">Table 9.1</a>
summarizes the previewers described here.</p>
<div class="table">
<a id="tab.previewers" name="tab.previewers"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Table 9.1. Common
Previewers</b></p>
<table summary="Common Previewers" border="1">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" />
<col align="left" />
<col align="center" />
<col align="left" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="left">\bf Previewer</th>
<th align="left">\bf Supplier</th>
<th align="center">\bf OS</th>
<th align="left">\bf Comments</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left">\program{xdvi}</td>
<td align="left">Free (xdvi)</td>
<td align="center">Unix/DesqView</td>
<td align="left">X11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>\XTeX</b></td>
<td align="left">Free (\XTeX)</td>
<td align="center">Unix</td>
<td align="left">X11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>Ghostscript</b></td>
<td align="left">Free (gs)</td>
<td align="center">most</td>
<td align="left">PostScript</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>Ghostview</b></td>
<td align="left">Free (Ghostview)</td>
<td align="center">Unix, Windows</td>
<td align="left">PostScript</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>dviscr</b></td>
<td align="left">Free (emTeX)</td>
<td align="center">MS-DOS, OS/2</td>
<td class="auto-generated"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>dvipm</b></td>
<td align="left">Free (emTeX)</td>
<td align="center">OS/2</td>
<td align="left">Presentation Manager</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>dvivga</b></td>
<td align="left">Free (dvivga)</td>
<td align="center">MS-DOS</td>
<td align="left">EGA/VGA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>TeX Preview</b></td>
<td align="left">ArborText</td>
<td align="center">MS-DOS, Unix</td>
<td class="auto-generated"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>dvideo</b></td>
<td align="left">Kinch Software</td>
<td align="center">MS-DOS</td>
<td align="left">EGA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>PTI View</b></td>
<td align="left">Personal TeX</td>
<td align="center">MS-DOS</td>
<td class="auto-generated"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>dvimswin</b></td>
<td align="left">Free (dvimswin)</td>
<td align="center">MS-DOS</td>
<td align="left">Windows</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>dviwin</b></td>
<td align="left">Free (dviwin)</td>
<td align="center">MS-DOS</td>
<td align="left">Windows</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>wdviwin</b></td>
<td align="left">Kinch Software</td>
<td align="center">MS-DOS</td>
<td align="left">Windows</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>DVIWindo</b></td>
<td align="left">Y&Y</td>
<td align="center">MS-DOS</td>
<td align="left">Windows</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>dvi2tty</b></td>
<td align="left">Free (dvi2tty)</td>
<td align="center">Most</td>
<td align="left">ASCII</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>dvigt/dvitovdu</b></td>
<td align="left">Free</td>
<td align="center">Most</td>
<td class="auto-generated"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left"><b>crudetype</b></td>
<td align="left">Free</td>
<td align="center">VMS</td>
<td align="left">ASCII</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a
id="sec.ghostscript"
name="sec.ghostscript"></a>Previewing Under X11</h2>
</div>
</div>
<p><a id="id2911438" class="indexterm"
name="id2911438"></a><a id="id2911448" class="indexterm"
name="id2911448"></a>The three most common X11 previewers
are <b>xdvi</b>, \XTeX, and <b>Ghostview</b> (really a
PostScript previewer). <b>Ghostview</b> runs on top of
<b>Ghostscript</b> and is described in the “<a
href="ch09.html#sec.ghostscript"
title="Previewing Under X11">the section called
“Previewing Under X11”</a>” section of
this chapter.</p>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="id2911502"
name="id2911502"></a>Previewing with xdvi</h3>
</div>
</div>
<p>You can retrieve <b>xdvi</b><a id="id2911516"
class="indexterm" name="id2911516"></a> from the CTAN
archives in the directory <tt>dviware/xdvi</tt>.</p>
<p>Figure <a href="ch09.html#fig.xdvi"
title="Figure 9.1. How Previewing with xdvi Works">
Figure 9.1</a> shows the preview process under xdvi.
<b>xdvi</b> reads the <tt>DVI</tt> file and loads the
<tt>PK</tt> files<a id="id2911583" class="indexterm"
name="id2911583"></a> for any fonts that are required. If
xdvi cannot find a requested font, it will run
\MakeTeXPK<a id="id2911608" class="indexterm"
name="id2911608"></a> to create the font. \MakeTeXPK is a
shell script (or a batch file called <tt>maketexp</tt><a
id="id2911623" class="indexterm" name="id2911623"></a>
under MS-DOS) that tries to use MetaFont or
<b>ps2pk</b><a id="id2911637" class="indexterm"
name="id2911637"></a> to build the font.</p>
<div class="figure">
<a id="fig.xdvi" name="fig.xdvi"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Figure 9.1. How
Previewing with xdvi Works</b></p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="FIXME:" />
</div>
</div>
<p>After forming each page, xdvi passes it off to the X11
Window Manager to be displayed. Previewing under xdvi is
shown in Figure <a href="ch09.html#fig.preview.xdvi"
title="Figure 9.2. Previewing with xdvi">Figure 9.2</a>.</p>
<div class="figure">
<a id="fig.preview.xdvi" name="fig.preview.xdvi"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Figure 9.2. Previewing
with xdvi</b></p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="FIXME:" />
</div>
</div>
<p>Screen resolution is typically much lower than printer
resolution. Because xdvi uses the <tt>PK</tt> files at
printer resolution, it must scale them before using them
for display purposes. The scaling process allows xdvi to
use <span
class="emphasis"><em>anti-aliasing</em></span><a
id="id2911760" class="indexterm" name="id2911760"></a> to
improve image quality on color displays. Anti-aliasing is
a technique used to improve the appearance of scaled
images by using colored pixels around the edges of the
image to provide the illusion of partial pixels. This can
dramatically improve the readability of the displayed
text. If the \ps font files are available, xdvi can
display documents that use \ps fonts; otherwise, it
performs font substitution.</p>
<p>A recent addition to xdvi is the ability to preview
documents that include PostScript figures. The figures
are rendered behind the scenes by <b>Ghostscript</b> and
displayed by xdvi. In my opinion, this addition really
makes xdvi one of the finest X11 previewers available. It
is fast, uses printer fonts, has anti-aliasing for superb
readability on color displays, and can include PostScript
figures.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="id2911812"
name="id2911812"></a>Previewing with \xtex</h3>
</div>
</div>
<p>The \xtex previewer<a id="id2911822" class="indexterm"
name="id2911822"></a><a id="id2911832" class="indexterm"
name="id2911832"></a> is very similar to xdvi. The
primary difference is that \xtex uses X11 fonts for
display. This means that \xtex must build fonts at the
appropriate resolution. After the fonts have been built,
\xtex is typically a very fast previewer.</p>
<p>You can retrieve \xtex from the CTAN archives in the
directory <tt>dviware/xtex</tt>.</p>
<div class="figure">
<a id="fig.xtex" name="fig.xtex"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Figure 9.3. How
Previewing with xtex Works</b></p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="FIXME:" />
</div>
</div>
<p>Figure <a href="ch09.html#fig.xtex"
title="Figure 9.3. How Previewing with xtex Works">
Figure 9.3</a> shows the preview process under
\xtex. Like xdvi, \xtex uses the \MakeTeXPK program to
build <tt>PK</tt> files for fonts that are unavailable.
Additionally, \xtex uses the \TeXtoXfont shell script, or
batch file, to convert <tt>PK</tt> fonts into X11 display
fonts.</p>
<p>The \xtex previewer relies on the X11 Window Manager
to build the display. However, if \ps figures are present
in your document, \xtex will attempt to display them.
When \xtex is built, you can specify that \ghostscript or
another \ps interpreter be used to handle \ps
figures.</p>
<p>An example of \xtex's display is shown in
Figure <a href="ch09.html#fig.preview.xtex"
title="Figure 9.4. Previewing with xtex">Figure 9.4</a>.</p>
<div class="figure">
<a id="fig.preview.xtex" name="fig.preview.xtex"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Figure 9.4. Previewing
with xtex</b></p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="FIXME:" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="id2912002"
name="id2912002"></a>Previewing with Ghostscript</h2>
</div>
</div>
<p>Previewing with <b>Ghostscript</b> <a id="id2912018"
class="indexterm" name="id2912018"></a><a id="id2912028"
class="indexterm" name="id2912028"></a> is quite different
from previewing with xdvi and \xtex. Most previewers
process the <tt>DVI</tt> file to build the display.
\ghostscript is a general-purpose program for displaying
\ps files. Under X11, an additional program called
\ghostview provides more sophisticated control of
previewing.</p>
<p><b>Ghostscript</b> and <b>Ghostview</b><a id="id2912074"
class="indexterm" name="id2912074"></a> are products of the
Free Software Foundation (FSF)<a id="id2912083"
class="indexterm" name="id2912083"></a>. You can retrieve
them from the GNU archives on <tt>prep.ai.mit.edu</tt> in
the directory <tt>/pub/gnu</tt> or from any mirror of those
archives.</p>
<p><b>Ghostscript</b> reads and interprets the \ps file
created by a program such as \dvips. It provides its own
means of handling font substitution if the appropriate
fonts are unavailable. Because \dvips converts the TeX
<tt>DVI</tt> file into \ps, \ghostscript can display all of
the elements of the document including \ps figures and
other PostScript printer-specific commands.</p>
<p>An example of <b>Ghostview</b>'s display is shown in
Figure <a href="ch09.html#fig.preview.ghostview"
title="Figure 9.5. Previewing with Ghostview">Figure 9.5</a>.</p>
<div class="figure">
<a id="fig.preview.ghostview"
name="fig.preview.ghostview"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Figure 9.5. Previewing with
Ghostview</b></p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="FIXME:" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="id2912205"
name="id2912205"></a>Previewing with emTeX</h2>
</div>
</div>
<p>Figure <a href="ch08.html#fig.emdvi"
title="Figure 8.3. Previewing and printing with emTeX">
Figure 8.3</a> in Chapter <a href="ch08.html"
title="Chapter 8. Printing">Chapter 8</a>,
<span class="emphasis"><em><a href="ch08.html"
title="Chapter 8. Printing">Chapter 8</a></em></span>,
shows the relationship between the various components
involved when processing a <tt>DVI</tt> file with emTeX<a
id="id2912253" class="indexterm" name="id2912253"></a><a
id="id2912265" class="indexterm" name="id2912265"></a>.
Previewing and printing are very similar operations with
emTeX. To preview, you use the <b>dviscr</b><a
id="id2912285" class="indexterm" name="id2912285"></a>
driver, and the result is displayed on the screen. To
print, use one of the other DVI drivers, and the result is
a file that can be sent directly to your printer.
Chapter <a href="ch13.html"
title="Chapter 13. Non-commercial Environments">Chapter 13</a>,
<span class="emphasis"><em><a href="ch13.html"
title="Chapter 13. Non-commercial Environments">Chapter 13</a></em></span>,
discusses emTeX in more detail.</p>
<p><b>dvidrv</b> runs the appropriate DVI driver:
<b>dviscr</b> for previewing, <b>dvihplj</b><a
id="id2912340" class="indexterm" name="id2912340"></a> for
printing to an HP LaserJet printer, or <b>dvidot</b><a
id="id2912355" class="indexterm" name="id2912355"></a> for
printing to other dot matrix printers.</p>
<p>The DVI driver reads the <tt>DVI</tt> file and loads
fonts from <tt>PK</tt> files<a id="id2912388"
class="indexterm" name="id2912388"></a> or <tt>FLI</tt>
font libraries<a id="id2912417" class="indexterm"
name="id2912417"></a>. If your document uses graphics, they
are loaded from <tt>PCX</tt><a id="id2912445"
class="indexterm" name="id2912445"></a> or <tt>MSP</tt>
files<a id="id2912463" class="indexterm"
name="id2912463"></a>.</p>
<p>If your document uses a font that is not available, the
DVI driver writes the commands necessary to build the font
to the <tt>MFJ</tt> file<a id="id2912487" class="indexterm"
name="id2912487"></a>.<sup>[<a id="id2912496"
name="id2912496" href="#ftn.id2912496">106</a>]</sup>
Before performing font substitution, the driver will ask if
you wish to build the missing fonts. If you elect to build
them, the DVI driver stops and returns control to the
<b>dvidrv</b><a id="id2912513" class="indexterm"
name="id2912513"></a> program.</p>
<p><b>dvidrv</b> notices that the DVI driver stopped
because of missing fonts and runs <b>MFjob<a id="id2912538"
class="indexterm" name="id2912538"></a></b> to build them.
After building the fonts, the previewer is run again to
display the document.</p>
<p>The <b>dvidrv</b> program is quite simple. With some
care, it can be replaced by a batch file that does more
work.<sup>[<a id="id2912560" name="id2912560"
href="#ftn.id2912560">107</a>]</sup> For example, I have
replaced <b>dvidrv</b> with a <b>4DOS<a id="id2912587"
class="indexterm" name="id2912587"></a></b> batch file
called <b>dvidxx</b> that can automatically build \ps fonts
by calling <b>ps2pk</b> in addition to building MetaFont
fonts with <b>MFjob</b>. The <b>dvidxx</b> batch file is
printed in Example <a href="apd.html#ex.dvidxx"
title="Example D.3. dvidxx.btm">Example D.3</a>
in Appendix <a href="apd.html"
title="Appendix D. Long Examples">Appendix D</a>,
<span class="emphasis"><em><a href="apd.html"
title="Appendix D. Long Examples">Appendix D</a></em></span>.</p>
<p>A full-screen preview with <b>dviscr</b> is shown in
Figure <a href="ch09.html#fig.preview.dviscr"
title="Figure 9.6. Previewing with emTeX's dviscr">
Figure 9.6</a>.</p>
<div class="figure">
<a id="fig.preview.dviscr" name="fig.preview.dviscr"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Figure 9.6. Previewing with
emTeX's dviscr</b></p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="FIXME:" />
</div>
</div>
<p>Under OS/2, the <b>dvipm</b><a id="id2912715"
class="indexterm" name="id2912715"></a> previewer offers
more power. A sample <b>dvipm</b> display is shown in
Figure <a href="ch09.html#fig.preview.dvipm"
title="Figure 9.7. Previewing with emTeX's dvipm">
Figure 9.7</a> later in this chapter.</p>
<div class="figure">
<a id="fig.preview.dvipm" name="fig.preview.dvipm"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Figure 9.7. Previewing with
emTeX's dvipm</b></p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="FIXME:" />
</div>
</div>
<p>The <b>dviscr</b> and <b>dvipm</b> previewers use <span
class="emphasis"><em>anti-aliasing<a id="id2912793"
class="indexterm" name="id2912793"></a></em></span> to
obtain better image quality on a color display. However,
this translates into a poorer quality image when captured
for display in a black-and-white book.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="id2912806"
name="id2912806"></a>Previewing with dvivga</h2>
</div>
</div>
<p><b>dvivga</b><a id="id2912819" class="indexterm"
name="id2912819"></a><a id="id2912827" class="indexterm"
name="id2912827"></a> is an MS-DOS previewer for EGA and
VGA displays. You can retrieve <b>dvivga</b> (and a
complete set of the Computer Modern fonts in <tt>PK</tt>
format) from the CTAN archives in the directory
<tt>dviware/dvivga</tt>. <b>dvivga</b> requires <tt>PK</tt>
fonts at screen-resolutions (around 100dpi); that is why a
special set of fonts is provided. If you are using a
dot-matrix printer with a similar resolution, the special
fonts may already be installed on your system.</p>
<p><b>dvivga</b> does not support any \special commands for
including pictures or figures, but it does support
configurable font-substitution for fonts that are
unavailable.</p>
<p>Figure <a href="ch09.html#fig.dvivga.vga"
title="Figure 9.8. Previewing with dvivga">Figure 9.8</a>
shows a preview of the sample document from Chapter <a
href="ch04.html"
title="Chapter 4. Macro Packages">Chapter 4</a>.
This image is from a VGA display.</p>
<div class="figure">
<a id="fig.dvivga.vga" name="fig.dvivga.vga"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Figure 9.8. Previewing with
dvivga</b></p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="FIXME:" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a
id="sec.arb.preview" name="sec.arb.preview"></a>TeX
Preview</h2>
</div>
</div>
<p><b>TeX Preview</b>\index{TeX Preview previewing@TeX
Preview previewing}<a id="id2912979" class="indexterm"
name="id2912979"></a> is the ArborText<a id="id2912993"
class="indexterm" name="id2912993"></a> <tt>DVI</tt>
previewer for MS-DOS. A similar previewer is available for
unix workstations running the X Window System (versions for
Motif and Open Look environments are also available). The
following discussion is based on experiences with <b>TeX
Preview</b> version 6.1.2, the MS-DOS implementation of
ArborText's TeX previewer.</p>
<p><b>TeX Preview</b> supports a wide range of graphics
adapters, including EGA, VGA, and Hercules adapters as well
as the Olivetti Monochrome Graphics adapter, the Tecmar
Graphics Master, the Genius VHR Full Page Display Monitor,
the ETAP Neftis Monitor, the Toshiba 3100, and the AT&T
PC6300 display.</p>
<p>Figure <a href="ch09.html#fig.tpre.vga"
title="Figure 9.9. Previewing with ArborText's Previewer">
Figure 9.9</a> shows a preview of the sample document
from Chapter <a href="ch04.html"
title="Chapter 4. Macro Packages">Chapter 4</a>,
<span class="emphasis"><em><a href="ch04.html"
title="Chapter 4. Macro Packages">Chapter 4</a></em></span>.
This image is from a VGA display. Three additional features
of the driver, not exercised in this example, are the
ability to scale fonts to any size, display rulers and
bitmapped graphics, and a “two-up” mode for
viewing two pages at a time.</p>
<div class="figure">
<a id="fig.tpre.vga" name="fig.tpre.vga"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Figure 9.9. Previewing with
ArborText's Previewer</b></p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="FIXME:" />
</div>
</div>
<p>When <b>TeX Preview</b> is displaying a <tt>DVI</tt>
file, you can move around the page and between pages; you
can change the magnification, search for text in the
<tt>DVI</tt> file, show the attributes of the character
under the cursor (font, dimensions, magnification, etc.),
and switch to another file. A configuration file allows you
to specify a wide range of options to control how <b>TeX
Preview</b> appears when it starts up.</p>
<p>ArborText supplies a full set of Computer Modern Roman
<tt>PK</tt> files at screen resolutions as well as a
complete set of Times Roman and Helvetica fonts at screen
resolutions. The additional PostScript fonts are derived
from official Adobe sources and allow you to preview
documents that will be printed on PostScript printers
(provided that they use only Times, Helvetica, and Computer
Modern fonts). They are designed specifically to work with
<tt>TFM</tt> files provided with <b>DVILASER/PS</b>,
ArborText's PostScript DVI driver.</p>
<p>If you want to use additional fonts, for example the
\AmS-fonts or Computer Modern fonts at unusual sizes, you
may wish to generate <tt>PK</tt> files at the appropriate
resolutions. <b>TeX Preview</b> will perform font
substitution for missing fonts (you can control what
substitutions are made) and can use the <tt>DVI</tt> driver
metric information, so generating additional fonts is not
necessary.</p>
<p><b>TeX Preview</b> understands the virtual font
mechanisms introduced in TeX version 3.0. Several
additional utilities provided with <b>TeX Preview</b> allow
you to construct virtual fonts. These utilities are
summarized in Table <a href="ch09.html#tab.tpre.utils"
title="Table 9.2. TeX Preview Utilities">Table 9.2</a><a
id="id2913251" class="indexterm" name="id2913251"></a><a
id="id2913268" class="indexterm" name="id2913268"></a><a
id="id2913275" class="indexterm" name="id2913275"></a> <a
id="id2913283" class="indexterm" name="id2913283"></a><a
id="id2913290" class="indexterm" name="id2913290"></a><a
id="id2913297" class="indexterm" name="id2913297"></a><a
id="id2913304" class="indexterm" name="id2913304"></a><a
id="id2913311" class="indexterm" name="id2913311"></a> <a
id="id2913320" class="indexterm" name="id2913320"></a>.</p>
<div class="table">
<a id="tab.tpre.utils" name="tab.tpre.utils"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Table 9.2. TeX Preview
Utilities</b></p>
<table summary="TeX Preview Utilities" border="1">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" />
<col align="left" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="left">\bf Utility</th>
<th align="left">\bf Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it aftovp</td>
<td align="left">Converts <tt>VPL</tt> from
<tt>AFM</tt> file</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it gftopk\,\x</td>
<td align="left">Converts <tt>GF</tt> files into
<tt>PK</tt> files</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it packpxl</td>
<td align="left">Creates packed (byte-aligned)
<tt>PXL</tt> file</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it pktopx\,\x</td>
<td align="left">Converts <tt>PK</tt> files into
<tt>PXL</tt> files</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it pxtopk\,\x</td>
<td align="left">Converts <tt>PXL</tt> files into
<tt>PK</tt> files</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it tftovp</td>
<td align="left">Converts <tt>VPL</tt> from
<tt>TFM</tt> file</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it unpkpxl</td>
<td align="left">Creates standard, word-aligned
<tt>PXL</tt> file</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it vftovp\,\x</td>
<td align="left">Converts <tt>VF</tt> files into
<tt>VPL</tt> files</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it vptovf\,\x</td>
<td align="left">Converts <tt>VPL</tt> files into
<tt>VF</tt> files</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>ArborText's <b>TeX Preview</b> program recognizes
\special commands for drawing change bars and for rotating
<span class="emphasis"><em>any</em></span> TeX
“box” through a multiple of 90 degrees. These
are the same \special commands recognized by other
ArborText DVI drivers.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="id2913678"
name="id2913678"></a>dvideo</h2>
</div>
</div>
<p>The MS-DOS based EGA previewer <b>dvideo</b><a
id="id2913692" class="indexterm" name="id2913692"></a><a
id="id2913700" class="indexterm" name="id2913700"></a> is
distributed as part of the TurboTeX<a id="id2913713"
class="indexterm" name="id2913713"></a> distribution by the
Kinch Computer Company<a id="id2913726" class="indexterm"
name="id2913726"></a>. TurboTeX is described more
completely in the section called “<a
href="ch14.html#sec.com.turbo"
title="TeX by ArborText">the section called “TeX by
ArborText”</a>” in Chapter <a
href="ch14.html"
title="Chapter 14. Commercial Environments">Chapter 14</a>,
<span class="emphasis"><em><a href="ch14.html"
title="Chapter 14. Commercial Environments">Chapter 14</a></em></span>.
TurboTeX also includes a Microsoft Windows previewer.</p>
<p>Figure <a href="ch09.html#fig.ttexd.ega"
title="Figure 9.10. Previewing with TurboTeX dvideo (using limited selection of fonts)">
Figure 9.10</a> shows a <b>dvideo</b> preview of the
sample document from Chapter <a href="ch04.html"
title="Chapter 4. Macro Packages">Chapter 4</a>.</p>
<div class="figure">
<a id="fig.ttexd.ega" name="fig.ttexd.ega"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Figure 9.10. Previewing
with TurboTeX dvideo (using limited selection of
fonts)</b></p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="FIXME:" />
</div>
</div>
<p>The preview displayed here uses the default set of fonts
distributed with TurboTeX. This does not include several of
the large sizes used by this example. In practice, you will
have to purchase or build many fonts before you can use
TurboTeX.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="id2913841"
name="id2913841"></a>PTI View</h2>
</div>
</div>
<p><b>PTI View</b><a id="id2913854" class="indexterm"
name="id2913854"></a> <a id="id2913866" class="indexterm"
name="id2913866"></a> is the MS-DOS previewer that comes
with PCTeX, distributed by Personal TeX, Inc.<a
id="id2913876" class="indexterm" name="id2913876"></a>
PCTeX is described in the section called “<a
href="ch14.html#sec.pctex" title="PCTeX">the section called
“PCTeX”</a>” in Chapter <a
href="ch14.html"
title="Chapter 14. Commercial Environments">Chapter 14</a>,
<span class="emphasis"><em><a href="ch14.html"
title="Chapter 14. Commercial Environments">Chapter 14</a></em></span>.</p>
<p>Figure <a href="ch09.html#fig.ptipreview"
title="Figure 9.11. Previewing with Personal TeX's Previewer">
Figure 9.11</a> shows a <b>PTI View</b> preview of the
sample document from Chapter <a href="ch04.html"
title="Chapter 4. Macro Packages">Chapter 4</a>.</p>
<div class="figure">
<a id="fig.ptipreview" name="fig.ptipreview"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Figure 9.11. Previewing
with Personal TeX's Previewer</b></p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="FIXME:" />
</div>
</div>
<p><b>PTI View</b> is distributed with a complete set of
the Computer Modern fonts in <tt>PK</tt> format (<b>PTI
View</b> can use the same <tt>PK</tt> fonts as your
printer, regardless of the printer's resolution). It can
display the preview in many video modes, including several
high-resolution super VGA modes.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="id2914028"
name="id2914028"></a>Previewing Under Windows</h2>
</div>
</div>
<p>Most MS-DOS previewers are inappropriate for previewing
in Windows<a id="id2914039" class="indexterm"
name="id2914039"></a><a id="id2914049" class="indexterm"
name="id2914049"></a> because they assume that they can
control the entire display. Recently, several commercial
and free previewers for Windows have become available. They
are described in this section.</p>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="id2914065"
name="id2914065"></a>dvimswin</h3>
</div>
</div>
<p>The <b>dvimswin</b><a id="id2914079" class="indexterm"
name="id2914079"></a><a id="id2914089" class="indexterm"
name="id2914089"></a> previewer is a Windows version of
<b>dvivga</b>. It uses the same screen-resolution fonts
for displaying your <tt>DVI</tt> file and offers
font-substitution for missing fonts.</p>
<p>You can retrieve <b>dvimswin</b> from the CTAN
archives in the directory <tt>dviware/dvimswin</tt>. The
<b>dvimswin</b> previewer is shown in Figure <a
href="ch09.html#fig.preview.dvimswin"
title="Figure 9.12. Previewing with dvimswin">Figure 9.12</a>.</p>
<div class="figure">
<a id="fig.preview.dvimswin"
name="fig.preview.dvimswin"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Figure 9.12. Previewing
with dvimswin</b></p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="FIXME:" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="id2914192"
name="id2914192"></a>dviwin</h3>
</div>
</div>
<p>The <b>dviwin</b><a id="id2914207" class="indexterm"
name="id2914207"></a><a id="id2914214" class="indexterm"
name="id2914214"></a> previewer is another free Microsoft
Windows previewer. <b>dviwin</b> can use either screen or
printer resolution fonts to display your <tt>DVI</tt>
file. You can retrieve <b>dviwin</b> from the CTAN
archives in the directory <tt>dviware/dviwin</tt>.</p>
<p>What makes <b>dviwin</b> unique is its support for
\special commands. <b>dviwin</b> understands \special
commands for including pictures and figures, as well as
the emTeX and <tt>tpic</tt> drawing primitives.</p>
<p><b>dviwin</b> has built-in support for <tt>PCX</tt><a
id="id2914309" class="indexterm" name="id2914309"></a>,
<tt>BMP</tt><a id="id2914326" class="indexterm"
name="id2914326"></a>, and <tt>MSP</tt><a id="id2914348"
class="indexterm" name="id2914348"></a> graphic formats.
Additionally, it can use any graphics filter installed in
your Windows environment. Many commercial programs
include additional filters to handle the images that they
construct. <b>dviwin</b> also supports emTeX font
libraries<a id="id2914367" class="indexterm"
name="id2914367"></a> and customizable automatic font
generation. By using <b>dviwin</b>, you can print your
<tt>DVI</tt> files on any Microsoft Windows-supported
printer. The <b>dviwin</b> previewer is shown in
Figure <a href="ch09.html#fig.preview.dviwin"
title="Figure 9.13. Previewing with dviwin">Figure 9.13</a>.</p>
<div class="figure">
<a id="fig.preview.dviwin"
name="fig.preview.dviwin"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Figure 9.13. Previewing
with dviwin</b></p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="FIXME:" />
</div>
</div>
<p>The <b>dviwin</b> distribution includes two additional
utilities: <b>clipmeta</b><a id="id2914464"
class="indexterm" name="id2914464"></a> for creating
<tt>MSP</tt> graphic files from any image captured in the
Windows clipboard, and <b>wbr</b>,<a id="id2914491"
class="indexterm" name="id2914491"></a> a text-file
browser.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="id2914502"
name="id2914502"></a>wdviwin</h3>
</div>
</div>
<p>As mentioned above, the TurboTeX<a id="id2914510"
class="indexterm" name="id2914510"></a> package includes
a Windows DVI driver, <b>wdviwin</b><a id="id2914528"
class="indexterm" name="id2914528"></a><a id="id2914536"
class="indexterm" name="id2914536"></a>, distributed by
the Kinch Computer Company<a id="id2914548"
class="indexterm" name="id2914548"></a>. Sample output
from this previewer is shown in Figure <a
href="ch09.html#fig.preview.wttpreview"
title="Figure 9.14. Previewing with TurboTeX's wdviwin">
Figure 9.14</a>. This sample shows the status
window, the preview window, and a few of the available
tools.</p>
<div class="figure">
<a id="fig.preview.wttpreview"
name="fig.preview.wttpreview"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Figure 9.14. Previewing
with TurboTeX's wdviwin</b></p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="FIXME:" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="id2914603"
name="id2914603"></a>DVIWindo</h3>
</div>
</div>
<p>The <b>DVIWindo</b><a id="id2914617" class="indexterm"
name="id2914617"></a><a id="id2914627" class="indexterm"
name="id2914627"></a> previewer by Y&Y<a
id="id2914641" class="indexterm" name="id2914641"></a> is
unique among the previewers used here. <b>DVIWindo</b>
has no support for <tt>PK</tt> fonts; it relies entirely
on scalable fonts<a id="id2914671" class="indexterm"
name="id2914671"></a> provided by Microsoft Windows.
(This means either PostScript Type 1 fonts rendered
by <b>Adobe Type Manager</b><a id="id2914689"
class="indexterm" name="id2914689"></a> or built-in
TrueType font <a id="id2914698" class="indexterm"
name="id2914698"></a> support.) As a result, to use the
<b>DVIWindo</b> previewer, you must purchase the Computer
Modern fonts in TrueType or Adobe Type 1 format (or
not use them at all).</p>
<p>The <b>DVIWindo</b> previewer is shown in
Figure <a href="ch09.html#fig.preview.dviwindo"
title="Figure 9.15. Previewing with Y&Y's DVIWindo">
Figure 9.15</a>. The pull-down menu shown in this
image is the “TeX Menu,” a new feature of
<b>DVIWindo</b> 1.1. This menu, which can be customized
to include any programs you wish, allows <b>DVIWindo</b>
to function as a TeX shell. Once <b>DVIWindo</b> is
running, you can edit files and format documents with TeX
directly from this menu.</p>
<div class="figure">
<a id="fig.preview.dviwindo"
name="fig.preview.dviwindo"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Figure 9.15. Previewing
with Y&Y's DVIWindo</b></p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="FIXME:" />
</div>
</div>
<p>The real advantage of using scalable fonts is that you
can resize the image in arbitrary ways.<sup>[<a
id="id2914807" name="id2914807"
href="#ftn.id2914807">108</a>]</sup> For example,
Figure <a href="ch09.html#fig.preview.dviwindo2"
title="Figure 9.16. DVIWindo preview much enlarged">
Figure 9.16</a> shows a much-enlarged version of the
same page. Similar enlargement with non-scalable fonts
would require that the <tt>PK</tt> fonts exist at very
high-resolutions (occupying considerable disk space) or
produce very jagged output. The jaggedness of the image
shown here is the result of magnifying the captured
screen image, not the previewer. Several useful
information boxes are also shown in these images.</p>
<div class="figure">
<a id="fig.preview.dviwindo2"
name="fig.preview.dviwindo2"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Figure 9.16. DVIWindo
preview much enlarged</b></p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="FIXME:" />
</div>
</div>
<p><b>DVIWindo</b> has several other interesting
features:</p>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul type="disc">
<li>
<p>Portions of a document may be copied into the
Windows clipboard and then pasted into other
applications. This allows you to construct complex
mathematics in TeX, for example, and paste them
into another Windows application. The pasted
material will appear as a single graphical object
that can be moved, resized, and cropped. The
material is not rendered as a bitmap, so it can be
resized without loss of quality!</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>TIFF images are displayed in the document. If
you use <b>dvipsone</b> (Y&Y's PostScript
printer driver) and create both TIFF and EPS
(encapsulated PostScript) versions of an image,
<b>DVIWindo</b> will automatically display the TIFF
image, and <b>dvipsone</b> will automatically print
the EPS image.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Colored text and rules can be incorporated into
a document with \special commands.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>You can create “hypertext” buttons
in your document. Selecting a button (an area of
text or a rule) automatically moves you to a
destination marker in the document. These buttons
are only meaningful to <b>DVIWindo</b>, but they do
allow you to move around quickly in a document
while you are writing it. Of course, they could
also be very handy if you use <tt>DVI</tt> files
for online documentation.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>In addition to the <b>DVIWindo</b> executable, several
programs are provided to help you work with PostScript
fonts under Windows. They are summarized in Table <a
href="ch09.html#tab.dviwindo"
title="Table 9.3. DVIWindo Utilities">Table 9.3</a>.</p>
<div class="table">
<a id="tab.dviwindo" name="tab.dviwindo"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Table 9.3. DVIWindo
Utilities</b></p>
<table summary="DVIWindo Utilities" border="1">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" />
<col align="left" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="left">\bf Utility</th>
<th align="left">\bf Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it pfatopfb\,\x</td>
<td align="left">Convert <tt>PFA</tt> files into
<tt>PFB</tt> files</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it pfbtopfa\,\x</td>
<td align="left">Convert <tt>PFB</tt> files into
<tt>PFA</tt> files</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it tifftags</td>
<td align="left">Show the tags used in a
<tt>TIFF</tt> image</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it reencode</td>
<td align="left">Change the encoding of a
PostScript font</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it afmtotfm\,\x</td>
<td align="left">Convert <tt>AFM</tt> files into
<tt>TFM</tt> files</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it tfmtoafm</td>
<td align="left">Convert <tt>TFM</tt> files into
<tt>AFM</tt> files</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it afmtopfm</td>
<td align="left">Convert <tt>AFM</tt> files into
<tt>PFM</tt> files</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it pfmtoafm</td>
<td align="left">Convert <tt>PFM</tt> files into
<tt>AFM</tt> files</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it safeseac</td>
<td align="left">Circumvents problem with
accented letters in PS fonts under Windows</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it cleanup</td>
<td align="left">Removes inactive Windows from
the desktop</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">\it sysseg</td>
<td align="left">Displays information about
Windows system memory</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a
id="sec.preview.tty"
name="sec.preview.tty"></a>Previewing on a TTY</h2>
</div>
</div>
<p><a id="id2915365" class="indexterm"
name="id2915365"></a>Graphical workstations and personal
computers with graphics capabilities are a natural
environment for previewing TeX output. Unfortunately, they
aren't always available. This section describes several
previewers that work in less sophisticated
environments.</p>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="id2915377"
name="id2915377"></a>dvi2tty</h3>
</div>
</div>
<p>The <b>dvi2tty</b> program<a id="id2915398"
class="indexterm" name="id2915398"></a><a id="id2915408"
class="indexterm" name="id2915408"></a> attempts to
convert TeX output into ASCII text. This program is
designed to provide an approximation of troff<a
id="id2915421" class="indexterm" name="id2915421"></a>'s
<b>nroff</b><a id="id2915435" class="indexterm"
name="id2915435"></a> processor. To get the best results,
you will have to reformat your document using a limited
subset of TeX's capabilities. A LaTeX style file is
included for this purpose. You can retrieve
<b>dvi2tty</b> from the CTAN archives in the directory
<tt>dviware/dvi2tty</tt>.</p>
<p>The output from <b>dvi2tty</b> is imperfect in many
ways, but it can provide a workable ASCII document. I
used it to produce plain ASCII documentation in my
<b>Sfware</b><a id="id2915485" class="indexterm"
name="id2915485"></a> package, for example.
<b>dvi2tty</b> also provides a quick-and-dirty method of
applying some standard text processing tools, like
<b>grep</b><a id="id2915508" class="indexterm"
name="id2915508"></a>, to TeX output.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="id2915519"
name="id2915519"></a>dvgt/dvitovdu</h3>
</div>
</div>
<p><a id="id2915526" class="indexterm"
name="id2915526"></a><a id="id2915533" class="indexterm"
name="id2915533"></a><a id="id2915540" class="indexterm"
name="id2915540"></a>These programs share a common
history. As a result, they offer an overlapping set of
features. The most recent work has been done on the
<b>dvgt</b> processor. You can retrieve <b>dvgt</b> from
the CTAN archives in the directory
<tt>dviware/dvgt</tt>.</p>
<p>Unlike <b>dvi2tty</b>, which is a conversion program,
<b>dvgt</b> is an interactive previewer. One very neat
feature of <b>dvgt</b> is its ability to preview TeX
output on a number of graphics terminals, including
Tektronix 4010, VT240, VT640, Gigi, Regis, VIS500,
VIS550, VIS603, and VIS630 terminals. The importance of
this feature is that many versions of <b>Kermit</b><a
id="id2915617" class="indexterm" name="id2915617"></a>
and <b>NCSA Telnet</b><a id="id2915631" class="indexterm"
name="id2915631"></a> (and possibly other communications
programs) support one of these terminal types. This means
that you can preview documents even when you are away
from your workstation, by using dial-up access with
either a graphics terminal or plain ASCII.</p>
<p>Even when output is limited to plain ASCII,
<b>dvgt</b> attempts to make its output resemble the
printed page. To do this, it frequently drops characters
out of the middle of words and performs other
space-saving abbreviations. The result is a crude, but
workable preview, on a plain ASCII terminal.</p>
<p>Figure <a href="ch09.html#fig.dvgttek"
title="Figure 9.17. Previewing with dvgt under Tektronix 4010 emulation">
Figure 9.17</a> shows an example of <b>dvgt</b>
display in tek4010 emulation. This is a somewhat
contrived example since the emulation is being performed
by an xterm.</p>
<div class="figure">
<a id="fig.dvgttek" name="fig.dvgttek"></a>
<p class="title"><b>Figure 9.17. Previewing
with dvgt under Tektronix 4010 emulation</b></p>
<div class="mediaobject">
<img src="FIXME:" />
</div>
</div>
<p><b>dvitovdu</b> is an older version of the program. It
is available in source code form in both C and Pascal.
You can retrieve <b>dvitovdu</b> from the CTAN archives
in the directory <tt>dviware/dvitovdu</tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="id2915747"
name="id2915747"></a>crudetype</h3>
</div>
</div>
<p><b>crudetype</b><a id="id2915760" class="indexterm"
name="id2915760"></a><a id="id2915770" class="indexterm"
name="id2915770"></a> is another plain-ASCII previewer.
It provides features similar to <b>dvgt</b> and
<b>dvitovdu</b>. It is written in <span
class="sc">Web</span>, but it cannot be translated to C
with the <b>web2c</b> conversion tool (so you will have
to have a Pascal compiler).</p>
<p>The <b>crudetype</b> program was written with VMS in
mind, although it may be portable to other systems. You
can retrieve <b>crudetype</b> from the CTAN archives in
the directory <tt>dviware/crudetype</tt>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footnotes">
<br />
<hr width="100" align="left" />
<div class="footnote">
<p><sup>[<a id="ftn.id2912496" name="ftn.id2912496"
href="#id2912496">106</a>]</sup> {Some setup is required
to obtain this functionality. By default, the driver asks
for the name of a font to substitute in place of the
missing font.}</p>
</div>
<div class="footnote">
<p><sup>[<a id="ftn.id2912560" name="ftn.id2912560"
href="#id2912560">107</a>]</sup> {Particularly in
networked environments where <b>dvidrv</b> assures that
temporary filenames won't collide between users.}</p>
</div>
<div class="footnote">
<p><sup>[<a id="ftn.id2914807" name="ftn.id2914807"
href="#id2914807">108</a>]</sup> {Most previewers support
resizing, but they are generally limited to the
resolutions for which <tt>PK</tt> fonts are
available.}</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="navfooter">
<table width="100%" summary="Navigation table">
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left"><a
title="Chapter 8. Printing"
href="ch08.html"><img src="figures/nav-prev.png"
alt="Prev" border="0" /></a> </td>
<td width="20%" align="center"><a title="Making TeX Work"
href="index.html"><img src="figures/nav-home.png"
alt="Home" border="0" /></a></td>
<td width="40%" align="right"> <a
title="Chapter 10. Online Documentation"
href="ch10.html"><img src="figures/nav-next.png"
alt="Next" border="0" /></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left">
Chapter 8. Printing </td>
<td width="20%" align="center"><a
title="Part II. Elements of a Complex Document"
href="pt02.html"><img src="figures/nav-up.png" alt="Up"
border="0" /></a></td>
<td width="40%" align="right">
 Chapter 10. Online Documentation</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
|
