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<TITLE>The TK-707 Rhythm Composer</TITLE>
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<H1>The TK-707 Rhythm Composer</H1>
This document is a brief statement of requirements to run tk707
and a very introductory explanation of how to run it. This might
be just enough for people not familiar with how these machines work
but is not intended to be an exhaustive explanation.
</P>
<P>
@dircategory Sound
* tk707: (tk707). The TK-707 Rhythm Composer.
</P>
<P>
</P>
<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLSPACING="0">
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC2">1.1 Building <CODE>tk707</CODE></A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC10">2.1 Terminology</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">2.2 Demonstrations</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC12">2.3 Creating patterns</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC16">2.4 Playing patterns</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC17">2.5 Creating tracks</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC18">2.6 Editing tracks</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC19">2.7 Playing tracks</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC23">3.2 Sound maps</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC22">3.1 Midi files</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC20">2.8 Tempo changes</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC30">4.2 Last step changes</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC25">4.1 Scale changes</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC32">5.1 Accents</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC39">A.1 Synopsis</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC42">C. GNU General Public License</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC45">Index</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P>
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<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="tk707.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<H1> 1. Installation </H1>
<!--docid::SEC1::-->
<P>
<A NAME="Installation"></A>
<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLSPACING="0">
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC3">1.2 Configure options</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC4">1.3 Installation</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC5">1.4 Running</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC6">1.5 Building the documentation</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC7">1.6 Comments, bug corrections and future versions</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC8">1.7 My card has no midi render...</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC9">2. Getting started</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX1"></A>
<A NAME="IDX2"></A>
<A NAME="IDX3"></A>
<A NAME="IDX4"></A>
</P>
<P>
The TK-707 installation requires:
<UL>
<LI>C compiler: to compile the source code.
<LI>TCL/TK version 8.0 or later.
Tested up to TCL/TK 8.3. Available free from <A HREF="http://www.scriptics.com">http://www.scriptics.com</A>
<LI>Alsa: audio installation (at least version 0.5.0),
available free from <A HREF="http://www.alsa-project.org">http://www.alsa-project.org</A>
<LI>a sound card supported by Alsa.
</UL>
<P>
and, at least one of these MIDI renders:
<UL>
<LI>an internal MIDI render hardware in your card.
<LI>an external MIDI module with drum sounds (Tested Roland D-110 and TR-707).
<LI>or any Alsa supported basic
sound card together with the <CODE>timidity</CODE> or the <CODE>iiwusynth</CODE>
MIDI synthesis software installed.
</UL>
<P>
Clearly, if you have neither a MIDI card nor an external MIDI module,
you can successfully manage MIDI files by a MIDI software sequencer.
See below.
</P>
<P>
So far tested on
<UL>
<LI>Linux - Debian 3.0 (kernel 2.4.18) with SB Live ! sound card
<LI>Linux - Slackware 7.0 (kernel 2.2.14) with ESS1868 sound card
<LI>Linux - Mandrak (kernel 2.2.13-7mdk)
<LI>Linux - Redhat 6.0 (kernel 2.2.5) with Ensonic 1370 sound card
</UL>
<P>
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<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="tk707.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<H2> 1.1 Building <CODE>tk707</CODE> </H2>
<!--docid::SEC2::-->
<A NAME="Building tk707"></A>
<P>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> configure
make
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
The program consists of Tcl/Tk for the gui and C code for outputting
the midi data.
The Tcl/Tk code is compiled with the C code.
The compiled target <CODE>tk707</CODE> is a self contained binary.
</P>
<P>
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</TR></TABLE>
<H2> 1.2 Configure options </H2>
<!--docid::SEC3::-->
<A NAME="Configure options"></A>
<P>
During the configuration step, you could also provide
to the <CODE>configure</CODE> script some
non-standard locations of the Alsa or Tcl/Tk libraries.
On my Debian 3.0 installation, I use:
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> configure --with-tcl-includes=/usr/include/tcl8.3
</pre></td></tr></table>A more general example writes:
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> configure --with-alsa-prefix=/usr/sound/lib \
--with-alsa-inc-prefix=/usr/sound/include \
--with-tcl-includes=/new/include --with-tcl-libs=/usr/new/lib \
--with-tk-includes=/usr/new/include --with-tk-libs=/usr/new/lib
make
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
Enter <CODE>configure --help</CODE> for a complete list of available options.
</P>
<P>
It could also be useful to send compiler options to the
<CODE>configure</CODE> script.
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> CFLAGS="-O0" configure
make
</pre></td></tr></table>Indeed, by default, <CODE>gcc</CODE> compiler
optimization flags are set to the maximum, i.e <CODE>-O9</CODE>. This
is not supported for old <CODE>gcc</CODE> versions, where this feature
failed on some combinations of Linux kernel versions and <CODE>gcc</CODE>
version (e.g. Mandrake with kernel <CODE>Linux-2.2.13-7mdk</CODE> and
<CODE>pgcc-2.91.66</CODE>). Either update our environment or use lower
optimization flags.
<P>
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</TR></TABLE>
<H2> 1.3 Installation </H2>
<!--docid::SEC4::-->
<A NAME="Install"></A>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> make install
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
The default installation directory is `<TT>/usr/local/bin</TT>' but this can be
changed by using an extra configuration option:
</P>
<P>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> configure --prefix=/users/angela/music
make install
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
will build and install <CODE>tk707</CODE> into the installation directory
`<TT>/users/angela/music/bin</TT>' as <CODE>tk707</CODE>.
</P>
<P>
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<H2> 1.4 Running </H2>
<!--docid::SEC5::-->
<A NAME="Running"></A>
<P>
If installation was done as in previous step, and assuming the installation
directory is in your execution path, then the program is started with
</P>
<P>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> tk707
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
<A NAME="IDX5"></A>
<A NAME="IDX6"></A>
</P>
<P>
A sample song is in `<TT>demo.dat</TT>' which can be
loaded from the <CODE>File->Load Demo</CODE> menu. After loading, click the <KBD>START</KBD>
button and you should hear something if your
hardware is set up correctly.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX7"></A>
</P>
<P>
When <CODE>tk707</CODE> is first started, a suitable output port needs to be selected.
A selection gui comes up before the main TK-707 window to make this choice.
The list on the right hand side should contain one or more entries from
which to choose (don't worry about the input port list on the left).
Double click on the available output port you want to use, and it should
be entered into the Selected Output box near the bottom. Now you can
click on the OK button to use the selected output port for this invocation
of TK-707. You can also click the SAVE button first to save this information
(in `<TT>~/.tk707rc</TT>') so that you don't need to make the selection next time you
run TK-707. Note that `<TT>~/.tk707rc</TT>' is a plain text file which can be edited
by hand if you want to.
</P>
<P>
Alternatively, if you know what port you want to use, run <CODE>tk707</CODE> with
the <CODE>-p</CODE> option, e.g.
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> tk707 -p 65:0
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
Use of the <CODE>-p</CODE> option overrides any setting in the `<TT>~/.tk707rc</TT>' file.
</P>
<P>
A list of suitable ports can also be obtained with the <CODE>-l</CODE> option, e.g.
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> tk707 -l
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
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<H2> 1.5 Building the documentation </H2>
<!--docid::SEC6::-->
<A NAME="Building the documentation"></A>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX8"></A>
</P>
<P>
The documentation in `<TT>.info</TT>' format, suitable for emacs,
is contained in the distribution. You can browse it:
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> info -f tk707.info
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
<A NAME="IDX9"></A>
If you have the <CODE>texi2html</CODE> tool, the <CODE>html</CODE>
version has been generated during the installation:
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> netscape tk707_toc.html
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
<A NAME="IDX10"></A>
If you have TeX installed, a pretty version of the documentation
is available:
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> make dvi
xdvi tk707.dvi
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
<A NAME="IDX11"></A>
and also for printing:
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> dvips tk707.dvi -o tk707.ps
lpr tk707.ps
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
Now, read the documentation and enjoy <CODE>tk707</CODE>.
</P>
<P>
<HR SIZE="6">
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</TR></TABLE>
<H2> 1.6 Comments, bug corrections and future versions </H2>
<!--docid::SEC7::-->
<A NAME="Comments and bugs corrections"></A>
<P>
We are keen for people to try it and send comments and suggestions.
</P>
<P>
Please, send comments,
corrections, additions, bugs etc.. to
<A HREF="mailto:chris@vislab.usyd.edu.au">chris@vislab.usyd.edu.au</A> and
<A HREF="mailto:pierre.saramito@imag.fr">pierre.saramito@imag.fr</A>
</P>
<P>
Future versions from the TK-707 home page:
<UL>
<LI>Australie: <A HREF="http://www.vislab.usyd.edu.au/staff/chris/tk707">http://www.vislab.usyd.edu.au/staff/chris/tk707</A>
<LI>Europe: <A HREF="http://www-lmc.imag.fr/lmc-edp/Pierre.Saramito/tk707">http://www-lmc.imag.fr/lmc-edp/Pierre.Saramito/tk707</A>
</UL>
<P>
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<H2> 1.7 My card has no midi render... </H2>
<!--docid::SEC8::-->
<A NAME="My card has no midi render"></A>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX12"></A>
<A NAME="IDX13"></A>
<A NAME="IDX14"></A>
</P>
<P>
Don't worry, you are able to hear midi file with
a basic audio sound card:
the <CODE>timidity</CODE> code is able to
provides an Alsa sequencer interface which receives
events and plays it in real-time.
</P>
<P>
<CODE>timidity</CODE> is a public domain code available
at <A HREF="http://www.goice.co.jp/member/mo/timidity">http://www.goice.co.jp/member/mo/timidity</A>.
</P>
<P>
On this mode, <CODE>timidity</CODE> works
purely as software (real-time) midi render.
There is no scheduling routine in this interface,
since all scheduling is done by Alsa sequencer core.
</P>
<P>
So, download <CODE>timidity</CODE> (at least version 2.10.0)
and install as follow:
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> configure --enable-server --enable-alsaseq --enable-alsatest \
--enable-audio=alsa,wav,au,aiff,list,oss
make install
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
<A NAME="IDX15"></A>
</P>
<P>
<CODE>timidity</CODE> software emulates the best sound cards.
It requires some Gravis Ultra Sound (GUS) patches describing musical
instruments.
The public domain EAW sound patch suite can be downloaded at
<A HREF="http://www.stardate.bc.ca/eawpatches/html/default.htm">http://www.stardate.bc.ca/eawpatches/html/default.htm</A>
This his a complete and high quality library,
updated frequently.
Especially, download the <CODE>gsdrums</CODE> percussion instrument library.
</P>
<P>
Install these files in the <CODE>timidity</CODE> directory,
usually <CODE>/usr/share/timidity</CODE>.
</P>
<P>
For invoking Alsa sequencer interface, run <CODE>timidity</CODE> as follows:
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> timidity -iA -B2,8 &
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
The fragment size can be adjustable. The smaller number gives
better real-time response. Then <CODE>timidity</CODE> shows new port numbers
which were newly created (128:0 and 128:1 below).
</P>
<P>
Finally, run <CODE>tk707</CODE>:
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> tk707 -p 128:0
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
The <CODE>timidity</CODE> render is very flexible and rich, since you
can add any instrument in your library by using GUS patch files.
This modular approach is not always supported by all hardware
renders.
Thus, the software MIDI render solution is fruitful,
and could be installed, even if you have a hardware or
external MIDI solution.
</P>
<P>
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<H1> 2. Getting started </H1>
<!--docid::SEC9::-->
<A NAME="Terminology"></A>
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<H2> 2.1 Terminology </H2>
<!--docid::SEC10::-->
<P>
<A NAME="IDX16"></A>
<A NAME="IDX17"></A>
<A NAME="IDX18"></A>
</P>
<P>
Four song <EM>tracks</EM> are available.
You can think of a track as a song.
Tracks are labeled by roman numbers: I, II, III and IV.
</P>
<P>
Each track is made of <EM>patterns</EM>, each with 16 <EM>steps</EM>.s
You could think of
a pattern as a bar of music. At each step in a pattern, any of the available
instruments can be set to play. Once you've made the patterns you want to
use, you can combine them in any order into any of the four available
tracks. Any particular pattern can be used in any of the tracks as many
times as desired.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX19"></A>
</P>
<P>
There are 64 patterns available in 4 <EM>groups</EM> of 16 each.
Pattern groups are labeled by letters: A, B, C and D.
The 4 groups are not at all related to the 4 tracks. Patterns from any group are
available to any track.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="Demonstrations"></A>
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</TR></TABLE>
<H2> 2.2 Demonstrations </H2>
<!--docid::SEC11::-->
<P>
Some sample patterns and tracks are in `<TT>demo.dat</TT>' which can be
loaded from the <CODE>File->Demo</CODE> menu. Something exists in each track of this
file so click the <KBD>START</KBD> button and you should hear something if your
hardware is set up correctly. Part of this set up is the <EM>midi channel</EM>;
the default midi channel is 10 (the default for D-110 drum sounds). You can
change the output midi channel via the Midi menu or Shift-click on the
<KBD>MIDI CH</KBD> button; a new window will appear for midi channel selection.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX20"></A>
<A NAME="IDX21"></A>
<A NAME="IDX22"></A>
<A NAME="IDX23"></A>
<A NAME="IDX24"></A>
<A NAME="IDX25"></A>
A second demonstration file shows the alternate <EM>727</EM> latin sound
map. With this sound map, the software emulates a Roland <EM>727</EM>
latin percussion rhythm composer.
Loaded from the <CODE>File->Demo</CODE> menu the file `<TT>son-montuno.dat</TT>',
and then load the latin percussion sound map `<TT>727.map</TT>' from
the <CODE>Map->Load Standard Sound Map</CODE> menu.
Set also the tempo to 200 bpm.
Then, click the <KBD>START</KBD> button.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX26"></A>
An alternate sound map for latin percussion is `<TT>7c7.map</TT>'.
The <CODE>c</CODE> in <CODE>7c7</CODE> stands for cuba<A NAME="DOCF1" HREF="tk707.html#FOOT1">(1)</A>.
can be loaded in the <CODE>Map->Load Standard Sound Map</CODE>.
This file has no Roland latin percussion rhythm composer equivalent,
and has been designed for our pleasure. Click the <KBD>START</KBD> button
and you will hear the file `<TT>son-montuno.dat</TT>' with another feeling.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX27"></A>
<A NAME="IDX28"></A>
<A NAME="IDX29"></A>
Finally, a brazilian sound map `<TT>7b7.map</TT>' is presented.
The <CODE>b</CODE> in <CODE>7b7</CODE> stands for brazil<A NAME="DOCF2" HREF="tk707.html#FOOT2">(2)</A> and
can be loaded together with the `<TT>carioca.dat</TT>' demonstration.
A good tempo is 220 bpm for the samba carioca.
</P>
<P>
There is no more demonstration file for these sound maps, since
it is time for you to compose your music !
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="Creating patterns"></A>
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<H2> 2.3 Creating patterns </H2>
<!--docid::SEC12::-->
<P>
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<H3> 2.3.1 Writing pattern </H3>
<!--docid::SEC13::-->
<P>
Shift-click the <KBD>PATTERN</KBD> button to enter Pattern Write mode. While
<KBD>START</KBD> is not pressed, the 16 instrument/step keys at the bottom of the
interface are dual purposed.
</P>
<P>
Clicking on a key changes which pattern, 1-16, (within the current
group) is selected for writing. A small lamp above one of the <EM>group pattern</EM>
buttons indicates the current group. The current group may be changed by
clicking group pattern button <KBD>A</KBD>, <KBD>B</KBD>, <KBD>C</KBD> or <KBD>D</KBD>.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX30"></A>
<A NAME="IDX31"></A>
</P>
<P>
Shift-clicking on the <EM>instrument/step</EM> keys selects which instrument
is selected to be written into the current pattern. Click the <KBD>START</KBD>
button; now as you click of the instrument/step keys, the selected
instrument, e.g. <KBD>Cowbell</KBD>, will be added at that step. If the selected
instrument has already been set at that step, then clicking there will
remove it. To select another instrument, press the <KBD>STOP/CONT</KBD> button
then select another instrument using Shift-click on the appropriate
instrument/step key.
</P>
<P>
Continue adding instruments at the required steps to complete the
pattern. Make all the patterns you will need for a new song.
</P>
<P>
A pattern may be cleared of all notes while in Pattern Write mode;
clicking on the <KBD>CLEAR</KBD> button will raise a dialog window to confirm
clearing of the current pattern.
</P>
<P>
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<H3> 2.3.2 Copy/paste and copy/merge </H3>
<!--docid::SEC14::-->
<P>
Another method of creating new patterns is to copy an existing
pattern and pasting it to a new location, then modifying the new version.
This is an efficient method of creating a number of patterns which are
small variations of each other. Select the pattern to be copied and press
<KBD>CRTL</KBD>-<KBD>C</KBD> (<KBD>CONTROL</KBD> key and <KBD>C</KBD> key together).
</P>
<P>
Now select a new (empty?)
pattern location and press <KBD>Ctrl</KBD>-<KBD>V</KBD> or <KBD>Ctrl</KBD>-<KBD>B</KBD>
to <EM>paste</EM> in the copied notes.
</P>
<P>
Using <KBD>Ctrl</KBD>-<KBD>V</KBD> will clear the destination location of any notes it already
contains whereas <KBD>Ctrl</KBD>-<KBD>B</KBD> will <EM>merge</EM> its current contents with the new note
information.
</P>
<P>
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<H3> 2.3.3 The pattern display grid </H3>
<!--docid::SEC15::-->
<P>
The third method uses the pattern display grid. Double-click near
an instrument/step intersection to add the instrument at that step. If
the instrument already exists at that step then it is deleted. This is
probably the easiest way of creating patterns.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="Playing patterns"></A>
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<H2> 2.4 Playing patterns </H2>
<!--docid::SEC16::-->
<P>
Click the <KBD>PATTERN</KBD> button to enter Pattern Play mode.
While the <KBD>START</KBD> button is depressed, the currently selected pattern will play.
Clicking on different pattern keys at the bottom of the interface will
select a new pattern (<KBD>1</KBD>,..,<KBD>16</KBD>) in the current group. If not currently playing,
the new pattern is displayed immediately. If a pattern is already playing,
the new pattern will play when the current pattern is finished.
</P>
<P>
Selecting a different group also changes the current pattern,
i.e. if pattern 7 in group I is selected, then when group 2 is selected
the new pattern will be pattern 7 in group II. Sixteen patterns are
available in each of the four groups for a total of sixty-four patterns.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="Creating tracks"></A>
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<H2> 2.5 Creating tracks </H2>
<!--docid::SEC17::-->
<P>
Shift-click the <KBD>TRACK</KBD> button to enter Track Write mode.
</P>
<P>
To start from an empty track, delete anything already there (Shift-click
on the <KBD>CLEAR</KBD> button) if necessary. Now select a pattern to add to the track
and click on the enter key as many times as that pattern is required. Then
select the next pattern to add and click on the enter key as many times as
that pattern is required.
</P>
<P>
E.g., selecting pattern 3 and clicking on the <KBD>ENTER</KBD> button 4 times,
then selecting pattern 9 and clicking on the <KBD>ENTER</KBD> button 2 times will
result in a track of six measures - 4 of pattern 3 followed by 2 measures
of pattern 9.
</P>
<P>
Changes to a track being created can be made.
See section <A HREF="tk707.html#SEC18">2.6 Editing tracks</A>.
</P>
<P>
The currently selected pattern can be heard playing if the <KBD>START</KBD> button
is clicked. This enables an audible preview of selected patterns prior
to adding them to the track.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="Editing tracks"></A>
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<H2> 2.6 Editing tracks </H2>
<!--docid::SEC18::-->
<P>
Shift-click the <KBD>TRACK</KBD> button to enter Track Write mode.
</P>
<P>
Track editing is only possible in Track Write mode.
</P>
<P>
Deletions of tracks (or parts of them) require confirmation (via a
dialog window).
</P>
<P>
Shift-click on the <KBD>CLEAR</KBD> button deletes all of the current track.
</P>
<P>
Ctrl-click on the <KBD>CLEAR</KBD> button deletes the current measure from the track.
</P>
<P>
Shift-Ctrl-click on the <KBD>CLEAR</KBD> button deletes the rest of the current track,
including the current measure. On some systems (including mine!) this
actually requires the <KBD>Ctrl</KBD> key as well i.e. <KBD>Shift</KBD> + <KBD>Ctrl</KBD> keys
+ mouse click.
Consider this a minor bug to be fixed sometime.
</P>
<P>
Adding patterns to a track involves selecting a pattern then a click or
Shift-click on the <KBD>ENTER</KBD> button. Think of Shift-click on <KBD>ENTER</KBD> as an insert
operation into the track before the current measure. An ordinary click on
<KBD>ENTER</KBD> is actually a replacement operation i.e. it will replace the current
measure with the currently selected pattern. However if you're at the end
of the current track this behaves like an append operation - it adds new
measures to the end of the track.
</P>
<P>
The currently selected pattern can be heard playing if the <KBD>START</KBD> button
is clicked. This enables an audible preview of selected patterns prior
to adding them to the track.
</P>
<P>
Different parts of the track can be accessed by clicking on the <KBD>BACK</KBD>
and <KBD>FWD</KBD> buttons. Shift-click on the <KBD>LAST MEAS</KBD> button to go to the end of
the track. Note that this goes to the measure just past the end of the
track (ready to write the next measure). An ordinary click on the <KBD>LAST MEAS</KBD>
button will momentarily show the last (+1) measure while the button is
held down.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="Playing tracks"></A>
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<H2> 2.7 Playing tracks </H2>
<!--docid::SEC19::-->
<P>
<A NAME="IDX32"></A>
</P>
<P>
Click on the <KBD>TRACK</KBD> button to enter the <CODE>Track Play</CODE> mode.
Then click on the <KBD>START</KBD> button and the current track will be
played.
</P>
<P>
Select another track, e.g. track IV, by
Shift-clicking a the corresponding track button:
<KBD>Shift</KBD>-<KBD>IV</KBD>. Then enter <KBD>START</KBD> for playing the song.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="Tempo changes"></A>
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<H2> 2.8 Tempo changes </H2>
<!--docid::SEC20::-->
<P>
<A NAME="IDX33"></A>
</P>
<P>
The tempo may be changed in either Track or Pattern mode. The tempo
is lowered by Clicking in the tempo dial and then Click-Dragging around.
It its increased by Click-Dragging to the left from the tempo dial; its increased
by Click-Dragging to the right.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX34"></A>
</P>
<P>
Tempo changes can't be written into a track. If saving a track as an
midi file, the whole track will have whatever tempo is selected at the
time of saving.
</P>
<P>
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<H1> 3. Midi files and sounds </H1>
<!--docid::SEC21::-->
<A NAME="Midi files"></A>
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<H2> 3.1 Midi files </H2>
<!--docid::SEC22::-->
<P>
<A NAME="IDX35"></A>
</P>
<P>
Currently only single track Midi files can be exported. When the
<CODE>Midi File->Save</CODE> is selected a file browser appears into which the name
of the file is entered. Its not crucial but it is a convention to
have a `<TT>.mid</TT>' ending on the filename. When a name has been nominated,
the current track will be exported, including midi channel and tempo
information i.e. make sure these have the values you want first.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX36"></A>
</P>
<P>
Tempo changes can't be written into a track. If saving a track as an
midi file, the whole track will have whatever tempo is selected at the
time of saving.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX37"></A>
</P>
<P>
Volume controls are used when saving a midi file:
master, accent and volume controls associated to instruments.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="Sound maps"></A>
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<H2> 3.2 Sound maps </H2>
<!--docid::SEC23::-->
<P>
TK-707 <EM>sound maps</EM> are mappings of the 16 instrument keys to
descriptions of their long names, short names, abbreviate name and midi note values.
The first (longer) names are used in the pattern grid display, while the
second (shorter) names are used under the 16 instrument keys
and abbreviations are used under the volume controls. The midi
note values need to correspond to values recognized by the sound module
being used with TK-707 (either external or built into a sound card).
Appropriate values will need to be gleaned from your hardware documentation,
however the built in values should work on any module conforming to
the General Midi standard.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX38"></A>
<A NAME="IDX39"></A>
</P>
<P>
The built-in sound map is supplied as an example in the `<TT>707.map</TT>' file.
A second file, `<TT>727.map</TT>', is supplied and can be loaded to play with
the sounds of Roland's TR-727, the latin percussion counterpart of the
TR-707. Note that the 727 mapping won't work on a 707 because it doesn't
recognize the necessary range of midi note values. It will work on
modules (such as Roland D-110) which do recognize the necessary range.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX40"></A>
</P>
<P>
Files with similar layout to the supplied `<TT>.map</TT>' can be constructed using a
text editor and loaded into TK-707 from the <CODE>Map->Load Local Sound Map</CODE> menu.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX41"></A>
</P>
<P>
Alternatively, the currently loaded sound map can be edited via an editing
interface which is accessed from the <CODE>Map->Edit Sound Map</CODE> menu. Just change
the name, short name and midi note values as required and press the <KBD>APPLY</KBD>
button to apply the new settings to TK-707. The Cancel button will revert
sound setting to whatever they were before the editing window was started.
The <KBD>OK</KBD> button will apply the currently edited settings and close the
editing window.
</P>
<P>
As new midi note values are entered for an instrument, the sound that they
access in the midi sound module can be previewed using the <KBD>TEST</KBD> buttons.
To speed the process of finding suitable sounds, three keyboard/mouse
shortcuts are provided:
<UL>
<LI>
<KBD>Shift</KBD> + <KBD>Mouse button 1</KBD> in the "Note" widget
increments the value by 1 and test plays the new sound;
<LI>
<KBD>Ctrl</KBD> + <KBD>Mouse button 1</KBD> in the "Note" widget
decrements the value by 1 and test plays the new sound;
<LI>
<KBD>Mouse button 2</KBD> in the "Note" widget and dragging up or down
continuously decrement or increments the note value and test plays.
the new sound.
</UL>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX42"></A>
</P>
<P>
Any editing of sound maps are lost if TK-707 is closed down without saving
the sound map. A sound map can be saved using the <CODE>Map->Save Sound Map</CODE> menu
item. A file suffix of `<TT>.map</TT>' is recommended (but not absolutely required).
</P>
<P>
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<H1> 4. Ternary feelings and poly-rhythms </H1>
<!--docid::SEC24::-->
<A NAME="Scale changes"></A>
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<H2> 4.1 Scale changes </H2>
<!--docid::SEC25::-->
<P>
<A NAME="IDX43"></A>
</P>
<P>
This feature is related to fast figures and 6/8 figures.
</P>
<P>
Four scales are available on each pattern.
Click on the <KBD>SCALE</KBD> in Pattern Write mode for changing the scale
of the current pattern.
A small lamp on the left of the musical score score
indicates the current scale. For each scale, a vertical bar
indicates the duration of a whole note.
</P>
<P>
<HR SIZE="6">
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<H3> 4.1.1 Binary 4/4 measures </H3>
<!--docid::SEC26::-->
On the first scale, the whole note duration is
decomposed into sixteenth. Each sixteenth is associated to the
a step of the pattern.
There is 16 sixteenth in the pattern
if the last step is set to 16, and then
the total duration of the pattern is those of a whole note.
<P>
This is the default scale when creating pattern
associated to a 4/4 measure.
</P>
<P>
<HR SIZE="6">
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<H3> 4.1.2 Binary 2/4 measures </H3>
<!--docid::SEC27::-->
<P>
For the second scale, the whole duration is
decomposed into eighthes. Each eighthes is associated
to a step of the pattern. When the last step is set to
16, there is 16 eighthes in the pattern, and the total duration
of the pattern is those of a half whole.
When playing such pattern, lamps associated to steps
are turning twice faster !
The pattern is then a 2/4 measure.
The whole duration should be recovered in a song by
inserting two of such patterns.
</P>
<P>
This scale is designated for fast schemes on binary
songs.
</P>
<P>
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<H3> 4.1.3 Triplets and composed 12/4 measures </H3>
<!--docid::SEC28::-->
<P>
On the third scale, the whole duration is decomposed into
four third of a quarter. Each third of a quarter is
associated to a step of the pattern.
</P>
<P>
When the last step is set to 12,
the total duration of the pattern is those of a whole note see section <A HREF="tk707.html#SEC30">4.2 Last step changes</A>.
The pattern is then a 12/4 measure.
</P>
<P>
Alternatively, the last could be set to 9 or 15 and then
the pattern is a 9/4 or a 15/4 measure, respectively.
</P>
<P>
This pattern is designated for ternary-based measures or
for inserting ternary feelings (triplets) into
a binary song.
</P>
<P>
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<H3> 4.1.4 Sextuplets and composed 12/8 measures </H3>
<!--docid::SEC29::-->
Finally, the fourth scale decomposes the whole duration
into two sextuplets (12 times 1/6 of a quarter sextuplets).
Each 1/6 of a quarter is associated to a step of the
pattern.
When the last step is set to 12. See section <A HREF="tk707.html#SEC30">4.2 Last step changes</A>,
the total duration of the pattern is those
of a half whole note.
The whole duration should be recovered in a song by
inserting two of such patterns.
The pattern is then a 12/8 measure.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX44"></A>
</P>
<P>
Since each quarter is represented by 6 steps on
the pattern, we are able to superpose binary and ternary
schemes, i.e. poly-rhythmic effects.
</P>
<P>
The `<TT>son-montuno.dat</TT>' demonstrates such effects.
</P>
<P>
This pattern is designated for fast schemes on
ternary based measures or
for inserting ternary feelings (triplets) into
a binary song.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="Last step changes"></A>
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<H2> 4.2 Last step changes </H2>
<!--docid::SEC30::-->
<P>
<A NAME="IDX45"></A>
</P>
<P>
Remarks that the last step is not automatically
changed from 16 to 12 when changing the scale of a pattern.
It could be chosen to 15 for the scale 3, for instance.
</P>
<P>
Click on the <KBD>LAST STEP</KBD> in Pattern Write mode for changing the scale.
A new window will appear for last scale
selection of the last step associated to the current pattern.
</P>
<P>
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<H1> 5. Accents and flam </H1>
<!--docid::SEC31::-->
<A NAME="Accents and flam"></A>
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<H2> 5.1 Accents </H2>
<!--docid::SEC32::-->
<P>
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<H3> 5.1.1 Inserting accentuated notes </H3>
<!--docid::SEC33::-->
<P>
<A NAME="IDX46"></A>
<A NAME="IDX47"></A>
<A NAME="IDX48"></A>
<A NAME="IDX49"></A>
</P>
<P>
There is two available accents: a weak and a strong one.
Use the weak accent
by clicking on the <KBD>ACCENT</KBD> button in Pattern Step Write
or Pattern Tap Write modes.
The "accent" text at the bottom of the button becomes orange.
Enter then notes as usual: notes are <EM>weakly accentuated</EM> and
the circle marker is orange, instead of the usual grey.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX50"></A>
</P>
<P>
Use the strong accent by clicking a second times on the <KBD>ACCENT</KBD>
button.
Now, the "accent" text becomes red.
Then, enter notes: they are <EM>strongly accentuated</EM>
and the circle marker is red too.
</P>
<P>
Then, click a third times on the <KBD>ACCENT</KBD> button.
The "accent" text at the bottom of the button comes back to
the initial foreground color.
When you insert notes, they will be no more accentuated.
</P>
<P>
In Pattern Step Write mode, you could also insert notes
by using the <KBD>1</KBD>,..,<KBD>16</KBD> step touchs.
Conversely, in Pattern Tap Write, you could also
use the instrument keys, e.g. <KBD>Cowbell</KBD>.
</P>
<P>
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<H3> 5.1.2 Controlling the accent intensity </H3>
<!--docid::SEC34::-->
<P>
<A NAME="IDX51"></A>
</P>
<P>
The weak and strong accent intensities could be
modulated by using the volume control labeled "AC".
Moves the label control up and down.
When up, accent effects are maximum while when down,
there is no more perceptible accent effects.
The volume control of accents is global.
</P>
<P>
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<H2> 5.2 Flam </H2>
<!--docid::SEC35::-->
<P>
<A NAME="IDX52"></A>
<A NAME="IDX53"></A>
<A NAME="IDX54"></A>
<A NAME="IDX55"></A>
</P>
<P>
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<H3> 5.2.1 Inserting flams </H3>
<!--docid::SEC36::-->
Flam is a kick note written ahead of the main beat,
and takes on the effect of a <EM>grace note</EM>.
Control-double-click
(<KBD>Control</KBD>-<KBD>Button-1</KBD> two times)
near an instrument/step intersection
to insert a flam note for this instrument at that step.
Instead of the circle marker, a star marker represents the flam note
at the selected intersection see section <A HREF="tk707.html#SEC12">2.3 Creating patterns</A>.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX56"></A>
</P>
<P>
There is another way for inserting flams:
In Pattern Step Write mode, click the <KBD>START</KBD> button;
Select an instrument by shift-clicking on an instrument/step key,
e.g. <KBD>Shift</KBD>-<KBD>Snare</KBD>.
Now, as usual, as you click on the instrument/step keys, the selected
snare will be added at that step 4.
Instead of this, if you control-click on the instrument/step keys,
e.g. <KBD>Ctrl</KBD>-<KBD>4</KBD>, then a snare note with a flam is inserted
at step 4.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX57"></A>
Conversely, in Pattern Tap Write mode, enter a flam by
using the <KBD>Ctrl</KBD>-<KBD>Cowbell</KBD>.
<A NAME="IDX58"></A>
</P>
<P>
Flam could be combined with accents, and the associated
star marker becomes orange or red, depending on the weak or strong accent.
</P>
<P>
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<H3> 5.2.2 Controlling the flam interval </H3>
<!--docid::SEC37::-->
<P>
The time between the grace note and its following main note
can be varied in the range 0:4.
The default value is 2.
A zero value means that flam is off.
Each pattern has an associated flam interval value.
</P>
<P>
Click on the <KBD>FLAM/SHUFFLE</KBD> button in Pattern Write mode
for changing the flam interval of the current pattern.
A new window will appear for the flam interval selection.
</P>
<P>
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<H1> A. Command line options </H1>
<!--docid::SEC38::-->
<A NAME="Command line options"></A>
<P>
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<H2> A.1 Synopsis </H2>
<!--docid::SEC39::-->
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> tk707 options...
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
<HR SIZE="6">
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<H2> A.2 Options </H2>
<!--docid::SEC40::-->
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><CODE>-l</CODE>
<DD> List the available sound ports
<DT><CODE>-p <VAR>port</VAR></CODE>
<DD> Use this port
<DT><CODE>-small</CODE>
<DD><DT><CODE>-medium</CODE>
<DD><DT><CODE>-normalsize</CODE>
<DD> Set the size of the window, since some screens are too small
for the whole window.
<DT><CODE>-display <VAR>screen id</VAR></CODE>
<DD> Display to use.
<A NAME="IDX59"></A>
<DT><CODE>-use <VAR>window id</VAR>.</CODE>
<DD> Id of window in which to embed application.
See <CODE>xwininfo</CODE>.
<DT><CODE>-geometry</CODE>
<DD> Initial geometry for window
<DT><CODE>-colormap</CODE>
<DD> Colormap for main window
<DT><CODE>-name</CODE>
<DD> Name to use for application
<DT><CODE>-sync</CODE>
<DD> Use synchronous mode for display server
<DT><CODE>-visual</CODE>
<DD> Visual for main window.
<DT><CODE>-h</CODE>
<DD><DT><CODE>-help</CODE>
<DD> Print short help.
</DL>
<P>
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<H1> B. Converting MIDI to audio WAV and MP3:: </H1>
<!--docid::SEC41::-->
<A NAME="Converting MIDI to audio WAV and MP3"></A>
<A NAME="IDX60"></A>
<A NAME="IDX61"></A>
<A NAME="IDX62"></A>
<A NAME="IDX63"></A>
<A NAME="IDX64"></A>
<A NAME="IDX65"></A>
<A NAME="IDX66"></A>
<A NAME="IDX67"></A>
<A NAME="IDX68"></A>
<P>
This small annex explain how to convert your output
midi file to formatted audio file (ex. RIFF WAVE)
and compressed MP3 audio files. We assume your have
converted your file `<TT>salsa.dat</TT>' into MIDI format `<TT>salsa.mid</TT>'
in the <CODE>tk707</CODE> environment see section <A HREF="tk707.html#SEC22">3.1 Midi files</A>.
</P>
<P>
Then enter the commands:
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> timidity bolero.mid -Ow bolero.wav
lame -b128 bolero.wav bolero.mp3
</pre></td></tr></table>and compare the file sizes:
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre> ls -al
-rw-r--r-- 1 maria martinez 1051 Mar 9 09:20 son-montuno.mid
-rw-r--r-- 1 maria martinez 3937324 Mar 9 09:22 son-montuno.wav
-rw-r--r-- 1 maria martinez 493056 Mar 9 09:22 son-montuno.mp3
</pre></td></tr></table>The MIDI file does not contains the sounds. It contains only the score
of your music and a MIDI render is required to heat it.
The audio WAV and MP3 contains the complete sound and are suitable
exports, such as CD-ROM writers.
Moreover, the MP3 file is compressed by rougthly a factor ten.
The MP3 audio files can be played back by popular mp3 players such
as mpg123.
<P>
The <CODE>timidity</CODE> tool is a midi-to-wav converter available
at <A HREF="http://www.goice.co.jp/member/mo/timidity">http://www.goice.co.jp/member/mo/timidity</A>.
</P>
<P>
The <CODE>lame</CODE> tool is a wav-to-mp3 convarter available
at <A HREF="http://www.sulaco.org/mp3">http://www.sulaco.org/mp3</A>.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="Copying"></A>
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<H1> C. GNU General Public License </H1>
<!--docid::SEC42::-->
<center>
Version 2, June 1991
</center>
<P>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=display><pre style="font-family: serif">Copyright © 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
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<H2> Preamble </H2>
<!--docid::SEC43::-->
<P>
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
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</P>
<P>
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
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<P>
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
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We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
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distribute and/or modify the software.
</P>
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Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
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Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
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<center>
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
</center>
</P>
<P>
<OL>
<LI>
This License applies to any program or other work which contains
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You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
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<P>
<center>
NO WARRANTY
</center>
</P>
<P>
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<LI>
BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
<P>
</P>
<LI>
IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
</OL>
<P>
<center>
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
</center>
</P>
<P>
<HR SIZE="6">
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<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="tk707.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<H2> How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs </H2>
<!--docid::SEC44::-->
<P>
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
</P>
<P>
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
</P>
<P>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=smallexample><pre><FONT SIZE=-1><VAR>one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does.</VAR>
Copyright (C) 19<VAR>yy</VAR> <VAR>name of author</VAR>
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
</FONT></pre></td></tr></table><P>
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
</P>
<P>
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
when it starts in an interactive mode:
</P>
<P>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=smallexample><pre><FONT SIZE=-1>Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19<VAR>yy</VAR> <VAR>name of author</VAR>
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details
type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome
to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c'
for details.
</FONT></pre></td></tr></table><P>
The hypothetical commands `<SAMP>show w</SAMP>' and `<SAMP>show c</SAMP>' should show
the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the
commands you use may be called something other than `<SAMP>show w</SAMP>' and
`<SAMP>show c</SAMP>'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever
suits your program.
</P>
<P>
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
</P>
<P>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=smallexample><pre><FONT SIZE=-1>Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright
interest in the program `Gnomovision'
(which makes passes at compilers) written
by James Hacker.
<VAR>signature of Ty Coon</VAR>, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
</FONT></pre></td></tr></table><P>
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
Public License instead of this License.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="Index"></A>
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<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="tk707.html#SEC_Contents">Contents</A>]</TD>
<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="tk707.html#SEC45">Index</A>]</TD>
<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="tk707.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<H1> Index </H1>
<!--docid::SEC45::-->
<P>
</P>
<table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: </th><td><A HREF="tk707.html#cp_." style="text-decoration:none"><b>.</b></A>
<BR>
<A HREF="tk707.html#cp_A" style="text-decoration:none"><b>A</b></A>
<A HREF="tk707.html#cp_B" style="text-decoration:none"><b>B</b></A>
<A HREF="tk707.html#cp_D" style="text-decoration:none"><b>D</b></A>
<A HREF="tk707.html#cp_F" style="text-decoration:none"><b>F</b></A>
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</td></tr></table><P></P>
<TABLE border=0>
<TR><TD></TD><TH ALIGN=LEFT>Index Entry</TH><TH ALIGN=LEFT> Section</TH></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_."></A>.</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">`<TT>.dat</TT>' tk707 file</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">2.2 Demonstrations</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX20">`<TT>.map</TT>' tk707 sound map file</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">2.2 Demonstrations</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX65">`<TT>.mid</TT>' midi file</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC41">B. Converting MIDI to audio WAV and MP3::</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX64">`<TT>.mp3</TT>' audio file</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC41">B. Converting MIDI to audio WAV and MP3::</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX63">`<TT>.wav</TT>' audio file</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC41">B. Converting MIDI to audio WAV and MP3::</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_A"></A>A</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX46">accent</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC33">5.1.1 Inserting accentuated notes</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX58">accent</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC36">5.2.1 Inserting flams</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX3">Alsa audio library</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC1">1. Installation</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX13">Alsa audio library</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC8">1.7 My card has no midi render...</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX61">audio file format</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC41">B. Converting MIDI to audio WAV and MP3::</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_B"></A>B</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX27">brazilian percussion</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">2.2 Demonstrations</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_D"></A>D</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX5">demonstration file `<TT>demo.dat</TT>'</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC5">1.4 Running</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">demonstration file `<TT>demo.dat</TT>'</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">2.2 Demonstrations</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX23">demonstration file `<TT>son-montuno.dat</TT>'</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">2.2 Demonstrations</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC29">demonstration file `<TT>son-montuno.dat</TT>'</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC29">4.1.4 Sextuplets and composed 12/8 measures</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_F"></A>F</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX22">file `<TT>727.map</TT>'</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">2.2 Demonstrations</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX28">file `<TT>7b7.map</TT>'</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">2.2 Demonstrations</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX26">file `<TT>7c7.map</TT>'</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">2.2 Demonstrations</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX29">file `<TT>carioca.dat</TT>'</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">2.2 Demonstrations</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX10">file `<TT>tk707.dvi</TT>' documentation</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC6">1.5 Building the documentation</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX9">file `<TT>tk707.html</TT>' documentation</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC6">1.5 Building the documentation</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX8">file `<TT>tk707.info</TT>' documentation</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC6">1.5 Building the documentation</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX11">file `<TT>tk707.ps</TT>' documentation</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC6">1.5 Building the documentation</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11"><CODE>File->Load Demo</CODE> menu</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">2.2 Demonstrations</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX6"><CODE>File->Load</CODE> menu</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC5">1.4 Running</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX52">flam</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC35">5.2 Flam</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC37">flam interval</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC37">5.2.2 Controlling the flam interval</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_G"></A>G</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX53">grace note</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC35">5.2 Flam</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX47">grid marker: orange</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC33">5.1.1 Inserting accentuated notes</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX50">grid marker: red</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC33">5.1.1 Inserting accentuated notes</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX55">grid marker: star</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC35">5.2 Flam</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX19">group (pattern)</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC10">2.1 Terminology</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_I"></A>I</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX30">instrument</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC13">2.3.1 Writing pattern</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC23">instrument</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC23">3.2 Sound maps</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_L"></A>L</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX67"><CODE>lame</CODE> wav-to-mp3 converter</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC41">B. Converting MIDI to audio WAV and MP3::</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC28">last step</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC28">4.1.3 Triplets and composed 12/4 measures</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX44">last step</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC29">4.1.4 Sextuplets and composed 12/8 measures</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX45">last step</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC30">4.2 Last step changes</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX24">latin percussion</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">2.2 Demonstrations</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX1">Linux system</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC1">1. Installation</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_M"></A>M</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX41"><CODE>Map->Edit Sound Map</CODE> menu</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC23">3.2 Sound maps</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX40"><CODE>Map->Load Local Sound Map</CODE> menu</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC23">3.2 Sound maps</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX25"><CODE>Map->Load Standard Sound Map</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">2.2 Demonstrations</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX42"><CODE>Map->Save Sound Map</CODE> menu</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC23">3.2 Sound maps</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX34">midi file</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC20">2.8 Tempo changes</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC22">midi file</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC22">3.1 Midi files</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX60">midi file format</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC41">B. Converting MIDI to audio WAV and MP3::</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX35"><CODE>Midi File->Save</CODE> menu</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC22">3.1 Midi files</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC23">midi note</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC23">3.2 Sound maps</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">midi output channel</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">2.2 Demonstrations</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX7">midi output port</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC5">1.4 Running</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX4">midi render</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC1">1. Installation</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX12">midi render: <CODE>timidity</CODE> software</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC8">1.7 My card has no midi render...</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX62">midi-to-audio converters</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC41">B. Converting MIDI to audio WAV and MP3::</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX68"><CODE>mpg123</CODE> mp3 player</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC41">B. Converting MIDI to audio WAV and MP3::</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_P"></A>P</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX17">pattern</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC10">2.1 Terminology</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC12">pattern</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC12">2.3 Creating patterns</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC14">pattern copy/merge</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC14">2.3.2 Copy/paste and copy/merge</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC14">pattern copy/paste</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC14">2.3.2 Copy/paste and copy/merge</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC15">pattern display grid</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC15">2.3.3 The pattern display grid</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC23">pattern display grid</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC23">3.2 Sound maps</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX54">pattern display grid</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC35">5.2 Flam</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX56">Pattern Step Write</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC36">5.2.1 Inserting flams</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX48">pattern step write</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC33">5.1.1 Inserting accentuated notes</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX49">pattern tap write</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC33">5.1.1 Inserting accentuated notes</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX57">Pattern Tap Write</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC36">5.2.1 Inserting flams</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC29">poly-rhythms 12/8</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC29">4.1.4 Sextuplets and composed 12/8 measures</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_S"></A>S</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX43">scale</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC25">4.1 Scale changes</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX14">sound card without midi</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC8">1.7 My card has no midi render...</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC23">sound map</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC23">3.2 Sound maps</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX38">sound map `<TT>707.dat</TT>'</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC23">3.2 Sound maps</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX39">sound map `<TT>727.dat</TT>'</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC23">3.2 Sound maps</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX21">sound map file</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">2.2 Demonstrations</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX15">sound patch files (GUS)</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC8">1.7 My card has no midi render...</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX18">step</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC10">2.1 Terminology</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX31">step</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC13">2.3.1 Writing pattern</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_T"></A>T</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX2">tcl/tk libraries</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC1">1. Installation</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX33">tempo</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC20">2.8 Tempo changes</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX36">tempo</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC22">3.1 Midi files</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC28">ternary feeling</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC28">4.1.3 Triplets and composed 12/4 measures</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX66"><CODE>timidity</CODE> midi-to-wav converter</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC41">B. Converting MIDI to audio WAV and MP3::</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX16">track</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC10">2.1 Terminology</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX32">track selection</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC19">2.7 Playing tracks</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_V"></A>V</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX37">volume control</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC22">3.1 Midi files</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC23">volume control</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC23">3.2 Sound maps</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX51">volume control</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC34">5.1.2 Controlling the accent intensity</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_W"></A>W</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC26">whole note decomposition</A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC26">4.1.1 Binary 4/4 measures</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
<TR><TH><A NAME="cp_X"></A>X</TH><TD></TD><TD></TD></TR>
<TR><TD></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#IDX59"><CODE>xwininfo</CODE></A></TD><TD valign=top><A HREF="tk707.html#SEC40">A.2 Options</A></TD></TR>
<TR><TD COLSPAN=3> <HR></TD></TR>
</TABLE><P></P><table><tr><th valign=top>Jump to: </th><td><A HREF="tk707.html#cp_." style="text-decoration:none"><b>.</b></A>
<BR>
<A HREF="tk707.html#cp_A" style="text-decoration:none"><b>A</b></A>
<A HREF="tk707.html#cp_B" style="text-decoration:none"><b>B</b></A>
<A HREF="tk707.html#cp_D" style="text-decoration:none"><b>D</b></A>
<A HREF="tk707.html#cp_F" style="text-decoration:none"><b>F</b></A>
<A HREF="tk707.html#cp_G" style="text-decoration:none"><b>G</b></A>
<A HREF="tk707.html#cp_I" style="text-decoration:none"><b>I</b></A>
<A HREF="tk707.html#cp_L" style="text-decoration:none"><b>L</b></A>
<A HREF="tk707.html#cp_M" style="text-decoration:none"><b>M</b></A>
<A HREF="tk707.html#cp_P" style="text-decoration:none"><b>P</b></A>
<A HREF="tk707.html#cp_S" style="text-decoration:none"><b>S</b></A>
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<A HREF="tk707.html#cp_W" style="text-decoration:none"><b>W</b></A>
<A HREF="tk707.html#cp_X" style="text-decoration:none"><b>X</b></A>
</td></tr></table><P>
<HR SIZE="6">
<A NAME="tk707.html"></A>
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<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="tk707.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
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<H1>Footnotes</H1>
<H3><A NAME="FOOT1" HREF="tk707.html#DOCF1">(1)</A></H3>
<P>
An excellent introduction to afro-cuban rhythms can be founded in
'Les tumbaos de la salsa', by Daniel Genton, Editions
Musicales Francaise, 2000. email: Topdjembe@hotmail.com.
<H3><A NAME="FOOT2" HREF="tk707.html#DOCF2">(2)</A></H3>
<P>
This sound map is indented for batucada music for carnaval.
<HR SIZE=1>
<A NAME="SEC_Contents"></A>
<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 CELLSPACING=1 BORDER=0>
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<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="tk707.html#SEC45">Index</A>]</TD>
<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="tk707.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<H1>Table of Contents</H1>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC1" HREF="tk707.html#SEC1">1. Installation</A>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC2" HREF="tk707.html#SEC2">1.1 Building <CODE>tk707</CODE></A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC3" HREF="tk707.html#SEC3">1.2 Configure options</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC4" HREF="tk707.html#SEC4">1.3 Installation</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC5" HREF="tk707.html#SEC5">1.4 Running</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC6" HREF="tk707.html#SEC6">1.5 Building the documentation</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC7" HREF="tk707.html#SEC7">1.6 Comments, bug corrections and future versions</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC8" HREF="tk707.html#SEC8">1.7 My card has no midi render...</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC9" HREF="tk707.html#SEC9">2. Getting started</A>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC10" HREF="tk707.html#SEC10">2.1 Terminology</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC11" HREF="tk707.html#SEC11">2.2 Demonstrations</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC12" HREF="tk707.html#SEC12">2.3 Creating patterns</A>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC13" HREF="tk707.html#SEC13">2.3.1 Writing pattern</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC14" HREF="tk707.html#SEC14">2.3.2 Copy/paste and copy/merge</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC15" HREF="tk707.html#SEC15">2.3.3 The pattern display grid</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC16" HREF="tk707.html#SEC16">2.4 Playing patterns</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC17" HREF="tk707.html#SEC17">2.5 Creating tracks</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC18" HREF="tk707.html#SEC18">2.6 Editing tracks</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC19" HREF="tk707.html#SEC19">2.7 Playing tracks</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC20" HREF="tk707.html#SEC20">2.8 Tempo changes</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC21" HREF="tk707.html#SEC21">3. Midi files and sounds</A>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC22" HREF="tk707.html#SEC22">3.1 Midi files</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC23" HREF="tk707.html#SEC23">3.2 Sound maps</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC24" HREF="tk707.html#SEC24">4. Ternary feelings and poly-rhythms</A>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC25" HREF="tk707.html#SEC25">4.1 Scale changes</A>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC26" HREF="tk707.html#SEC26">4.1.1 Binary 4/4 measures</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC27" HREF="tk707.html#SEC27">4.1.2 Binary 2/4 measures</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC28" HREF="tk707.html#SEC28">4.1.3 Triplets and composed 12/4 measures</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC29" HREF="tk707.html#SEC29">4.1.4 Sextuplets and composed 12/8 measures</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC30" HREF="tk707.html#SEC30">4.2 Last step changes</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC31" HREF="tk707.html#SEC31">5. Accents and flam</A>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC32" HREF="tk707.html#SEC32">5.1 Accents</A>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC33" HREF="tk707.html#SEC33">5.1.1 Inserting accentuated notes</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC34" HREF="tk707.html#SEC34">5.1.2 Controlling the accent intensity</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC35" HREF="tk707.html#SEC35">5.2 Flam</A>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC36" HREF="tk707.html#SEC36">5.2.1 Inserting flams</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC37" HREF="tk707.html#SEC37">5.2.2 Controlling the flam interval</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC38" HREF="tk707.html#SEC38">A. Command line options</A>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC39" HREF="tk707.html#SEC39">A.1 Synopsis</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC40" HREF="tk707.html#SEC40">A.2 Options</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC41" HREF="tk707.html#SEC41">B. Converting MIDI to audio WAV and MP3::</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC42" HREF="tk707.html#SEC42">C. GNU General Public License</A>
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC43" HREF="tk707.html#SEC43">Preamble</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC44" HREF="tk707.html#SEC44">How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC45" HREF="tk707.html#SEC45">Index</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<HR SIZE=1>
<A NAME="SEC_OVERVIEW"></A>
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<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="tk707.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<H1>Short Table of Contents</H1>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<A NAME="TOC1" HREF="tk707.html#SEC1">1. Installation</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC9" HREF="tk707.html#SEC9">2. Getting started</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC21" HREF="tk707.html#SEC21">3. Midi files and sounds</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC24" HREF="tk707.html#SEC24">4. Ternary feelings and poly-rhythms</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC31" HREF="tk707.html#SEC31">5. Accents and flam</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC38" HREF="tk707.html#SEC38">A. Command line options</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC41" HREF="tk707.html#SEC41">B. Converting MIDI to audio WAV and MP3::</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC42" HREF="tk707.html#SEC42">C. GNU General Public License</A>
<BR>
<A NAME="TOC45" HREF="tk707.html#SEC45">Index</A>
<BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
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