/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.catalina.session;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.naming.Context;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import javax.naming.NamingException;
import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.apache.catalina.Container;
import org.apache.catalina.Server;
import org.apache.catalina.Service;
import org.apache.catalina.Session;
import org.apache.juli.logging.Log;

/**
 * Implementation of the {@link org.apache.catalina.Store Store} interface that stores serialized session objects in a
 * database. Sessions that are saved are still subject to being expired based on inactivity.
 *
 * @author Bip Thelin
 */
public class DataSourceStore extends StoreBase {

    /**
     * Context name associated with this Store
     */
    private String name = null;

    /**
     * Name to register for this Store, used for logging.
     */
    protected static final String storeName = "dataSourceStore";

    /**
     * name of the JNDI resource
     */
    protected String dataSourceName = null;

    /**
     * Context local datasource.
     */
    private boolean localDataSource = false;

    /**
     * DataSource to use
     */
    protected DataSource dataSource = null;


    // ------------------------------------------------------------ Table & cols

    /**
     * Table to use.
     */
    protected String sessionTable = "tomcat$sessions";

    /**
     * Column to use for /Engine/Host/Context name
     */
    protected String sessionAppCol = "app";

    /**
     * Id column to use.
     */
    protected String sessionIdCol = "id";

    /**
     * Data column to use.
     */
    protected String sessionDataCol = "data";

    /**
     * {@code Is Valid} column to use.
     */
    protected String sessionValidCol = "valid";

    /**
     * Max Inactive column to use.
     */
    protected String sessionMaxInactiveCol = "maxinactive";

    /**
     * Last Accessed column to use.
     */
    protected String sessionLastAccessedCol = "lastaccess";

    // -------------------------------------------------------------- Properties

    /**
     * @return the name for this instance (built from container name)
     */
    public String getName() {
        if (name == null) {
            Container container = manager.getContext();
            String contextName = container.getName();
            if (!contextName.startsWith("/")) {
                contextName = "/" + contextName;
            }
            String hostName = "";
            String engineName = "";

            if (container.getParent() != null) {
                Container host = container.getParent();
                hostName = host.getName();
                if (host.getParent() != null) {
                    engineName = host.getParent().getName();
                }
            }
            name = "/" + engineName + "/" + hostName + contextName;
        }
        return name;
    }

    @Override
    public String getStoreName() {
        return storeName;
    }

    /**
     * Set the table for this Store.
     *
     * @param sessionTable The new table
     */
    public void setSessionTable(String sessionTable) {
        String oldSessionTable = this.sessionTable;
        this.sessionTable = sessionTable;
        support.firePropertyChange("sessionTable", oldSessionTable, this.sessionTable);
    }

    /**
     * @return the table for this Store.
     */
    public String getSessionTable() {
        return sessionTable;
    }

    /**
     * Set the App column for the table.
     *
     * @param sessionAppCol the column name
     */
    public void setSessionAppCol(String sessionAppCol) {
        String oldSessionAppCol = this.sessionAppCol;
        this.sessionAppCol = sessionAppCol;
        support.firePropertyChange("sessionAppCol", oldSessionAppCol, this.sessionAppCol);
    }

    /**
     * @return the web application name column for the table.
     */
    public String getSessionAppCol() {
        return this.sessionAppCol;
    }

    /**
     * Set the Id column for the table.
     *
     * @param sessionIdCol the column name
     */
    public void setSessionIdCol(String sessionIdCol) {
        String oldSessionIdCol = this.sessionIdCol;
        this.sessionIdCol = sessionIdCol;
        support.firePropertyChange("sessionIdCol", oldSessionIdCol, this.sessionIdCol);
    }

    /**
     * @return the Id column for the table.
     */
    public String getSessionIdCol() {
        return this.sessionIdCol;
    }

    /**
     * Set the Data column for the table
     *
     * @param sessionDataCol the column name
     */
    public void setSessionDataCol(String sessionDataCol) {
        String oldSessionDataCol = this.sessionDataCol;
        this.sessionDataCol = sessionDataCol;
        support.firePropertyChange("sessionDataCol", oldSessionDataCol, this.sessionDataCol);
    }

    /**
     * @return the data column for the table
     */
    public String getSessionDataCol() {
        return this.sessionDataCol;
    }

    /**
     * Set the {@code Is Valid} column for the table
     *
     * @param sessionValidCol The column name
     */
    public void setSessionValidCol(String sessionValidCol) {
        String oldSessionValidCol = this.sessionValidCol;
        this.sessionValidCol = sessionValidCol;
        support.firePropertyChange("sessionValidCol", oldSessionValidCol, this.sessionValidCol);
    }

    /**
     * @return the {@code Is Valid} column
     */
    public String getSessionValidCol() {
        return this.sessionValidCol;
    }

    /**
     * Set the {@code Max Inactive} column for the table
     *
     * @param sessionMaxInactiveCol The column name
     */
    public void setSessionMaxInactiveCol(String sessionMaxInactiveCol) {
        String oldSessionMaxInactiveCol = this.sessionMaxInactiveCol;
        this.sessionMaxInactiveCol = sessionMaxInactiveCol;
        support.firePropertyChange("sessionMaxInactiveCol", oldSessionMaxInactiveCol, this.sessionMaxInactiveCol);
    }

    /**
     * @return the {@code Max Inactive} column
     */
    public String getSessionMaxInactiveCol() {
        return this.sessionMaxInactiveCol;
    }

    /**
     * Set the {@code Last Accessed} column for the table
     *
     * @param sessionLastAccessedCol The column name
     */
    public void setSessionLastAccessedCol(String sessionLastAccessedCol) {
        String oldSessionLastAccessedCol = this.sessionLastAccessedCol;
        this.sessionLastAccessedCol = sessionLastAccessedCol;
        support.firePropertyChange("sessionLastAccessedCol", oldSessionLastAccessedCol, this.sessionLastAccessedCol);
    }

    /**
     * @return the {@code Last Accessed} column
     */
    public String getSessionLastAccessedCol() {
        return this.sessionLastAccessedCol;
    }

    /**
     * Set the JNDI name of a DataSource-factory to use for db access
     *
     * @param dataSourceName The JNDI name of the DataSource-factory
     */
    public void setDataSourceName(String dataSourceName) {
        if (dataSourceName == null || dataSourceName.trim().isEmpty()) {
            manager.getContext().getLogger().warn(sm.getString(getStoreName() + ".missingDataSourceName"));
            return;
        }
        this.dataSourceName = dataSourceName;
    }

    /**
     * @return the name of the JNDI DataSource-factory
     */
    public String getDataSourceName() {
        return this.dataSourceName;
    }

    /**
     * @return if the datasource will be looked up in the webapp JNDI Context.
     */
    public boolean getLocalDataSource() {
        return localDataSource;
    }

    /**
     * Set to {@code true} to cause the datasource to be looked up in the webapp JNDI Context.
     *
     * @param localDataSource the new flag value
     */
    public void setLocalDataSource(boolean localDataSource) {
        this.localDataSource = localDataSource;
    }


    // --------------------------------------------------------- Public Methods

    @Override
    public String[] expiredKeys() throws IOException {
        return keys(true);
    }

    @Override
    public String[] keys() throws IOException {
        return keys(false);
    }

    /**
     * Return an array containing the session identifiers of all Sessions currently saved in this Store. If there are no
     * such Sessions, a zero-length array is returned.
     *
     * @param expiredOnly flag, whether only keys of expired sessions should be returned
     *
     * @return array containing the list of session IDs
     */
    private String[] keys(boolean expiredOnly) {
        String[] keys = null;
        int numberOfTries = 2;
        while (numberOfTries > 0) {

            Connection _conn = getConnection();
            if (_conn == null) {
                return new String[0];
            }
            try {

                String keysSql =
                        "SELECT " + sessionIdCol + " FROM " + sessionTable + " WHERE " + sessionAppCol + " = ?";
                if (expiredOnly) {
                    keysSql += " AND (" + sessionLastAccessedCol + " + " + sessionMaxInactiveCol + " * 1000 < ?)";
                }
                try (PreparedStatement preparedKeysSql = _conn.prepareStatement(keysSql)) {
                    preparedKeysSql.setString(1, getName());
                    if (expiredOnly) {
                        preparedKeysSql.setLong(2, System.currentTimeMillis());
                    }
                    try (ResultSet rst = preparedKeysSql.executeQuery()) {
                        List<String> tmpkeys = new ArrayList<>();
                        if (rst != null) {
                            while (rst.next()) {
                                tmpkeys.add(rst.getString(1));
                            }
                        }
                        keys = tmpkeys.toArray(new String[0]);
                        // Break out after the finally block
                        numberOfTries = 0;
                    }
                }
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                manager.getContext().getLogger().error(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.SQLException", e));
                keys = new String[0];
                // Close the connection so that it gets reopened next time
            } finally {
                release(_conn);
            }
            numberOfTries--;
        }
        return keys;
    }

    @Override
    public int getSize() throws IOException {
        int size = 0;
        String sizeSql = "SELECT COUNT(" + sessionIdCol + ") FROM " + sessionTable + " WHERE " + sessionAppCol + " = ?";

        int numberOfTries = 2;
        while (numberOfTries > 0) {
            Connection _conn = getConnection();

            if (_conn == null) {
                return size;
            }

            try (PreparedStatement preparedSizeSql = _conn.prepareStatement(sizeSql)) {
                preparedSizeSql.setString(1, getName());
                try (ResultSet rst = preparedSizeSql.executeQuery()) {
                    if (rst.next()) {
                        size = rst.getInt(1);
                    }
                    // Break out after the finally block
                    numberOfTries = 0;
                }
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                manager.getContext().getLogger().error(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.SQLException", e));
            } finally {
                release(_conn);
            }
            numberOfTries--;
        }
        return size;
    }

    @Override
    public Session load(String id) throws ClassNotFoundException, IOException {
        StandardSession _session = null;
        org.apache.catalina.Context context = getManager().getContext();
        Log contextLog = context.getLogger();

        int numberOfTries = 2;
        String loadSql = "SELECT " + sessionIdCol + ", " + sessionDataCol + " FROM " + sessionTable + " WHERE " +
                sessionIdCol + " = ? AND " + sessionAppCol + " = ?";
        while (numberOfTries > 0) {
            Connection _conn = getConnection();
            if (_conn == null) {
                return null;
            }

            ClassLoader oldThreadContextCL = context.bind(null);

            try (PreparedStatement preparedLoadSql = _conn.prepareStatement(loadSql)) {
                preparedLoadSql.setString(1, id);
                preparedLoadSql.setString(2, getName());
                try (ResultSet rst = preparedLoadSql.executeQuery()) {
                    if (rst.next()) {
                        try (ObjectInputStream ois = getObjectInputStream(rst.getBinaryStream(2))) {
                            if (contextLog.isTraceEnabled()) {
                                contextLog.trace(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.loading", id, sessionTable));
                            }

                            _session = (StandardSession) manager.createEmptySession();
                            _session.readObjectData(ois);
                            _session.setManager(manager);
                        }
                    } else if (context.getLogger().isDebugEnabled()) {
                        contextLog.debug(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.noObject", id));
                    }
                    // Break out after the finally block
                    numberOfTries = 0;
                }
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                contextLog.error(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.SQLException", e));
            } finally {
                context.unbind(oldThreadContextCL);
                release(_conn);
            }
            numberOfTries--;
        }
        return _session;
    }

    @Override
    public void remove(String id) throws IOException {

        int numberOfTries = 2;
        while (numberOfTries > 0) {
            Connection _conn = getConnection();

            if (_conn == null) {
                return;
            }

            try {
                remove(id, _conn);
                // Break out after the finally block
                numberOfTries = 0;
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                manager.getContext().getLogger().error(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.SQLException", e));
            } finally {
                release(_conn);
            }
            numberOfTries--;
        }

        if (manager.getContext().getLogger().isTraceEnabled()) {
            manager.getContext().getLogger().trace(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.removing", id, sessionTable));
        }
    }

    /**
     * Remove the Session with the specified session identifier from this Store, if present. If no such Session is
     * present, this method takes no action.
     *
     * @param id    Session identifier of the Session to be removed
     * @param _conn open connection to be used
     *
     * @throws SQLException if an error occurs while talking to the database
     */
    private void remove(String id, Connection _conn) throws SQLException {
        String removeSql =
                "DELETE FROM " + sessionTable + " WHERE " + sessionIdCol + " = ?  AND " + sessionAppCol + " = ?";
        try (PreparedStatement preparedRemoveSql = _conn.prepareStatement(removeSql)) {
            preparedRemoveSql.setString(1, id);
            preparedRemoveSql.setString(2, getName());
            preparedRemoveSql.execute();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void clear() throws IOException {
        String clearSql = "DELETE FROM " + sessionTable + " WHERE " + sessionAppCol + " = ?";

        int numberOfTries = 2;
        while (numberOfTries > 0) {
            Connection _conn = getConnection();
            if (_conn == null) {
                return;
            }

            try (PreparedStatement preparedClearSql = _conn.prepareStatement(clearSql)) {
                preparedClearSql.setString(1, getName());
                preparedClearSql.execute();
                // Break out after the finally block
                numberOfTries = 0;
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                manager.getContext().getLogger().error(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.SQLException", e));
            } finally {
                release(_conn);
            }
            numberOfTries--;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void save(Session session) throws IOException {
        String saveSql = "INSERT INTO " + sessionTable + " (" + sessionIdCol + ", " + sessionAppCol + ", " +
                sessionDataCol + ", " + sessionValidCol + ", " + sessionMaxInactiveCol + ", " + sessionLastAccessedCol +
                ") VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)";

        synchronized (session) {
            int numberOfTries = 2;
            while (numberOfTries > 0) {
                Connection _conn = getConnection();
                if (_conn == null) {
                    return;
                }

                try {
                    // Remove session if it exists and insert again.
                    remove(session.getIdInternal(), _conn);

                    ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                    try (ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(bos))) {
                        ((StandardSession) session).writeObjectData(oos);
                    }
                    byte[] obs = bos.toByteArray();
                    int size = obs.length;
                    try (ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(obs, 0, size);
                            InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(bis, size);
                            PreparedStatement preparedSaveSql = _conn.prepareStatement(saveSql)) {
                        preparedSaveSql.setString(1, session.getIdInternal());
                        preparedSaveSql.setString(2, getName());
                        preparedSaveSql.setBinaryStream(3, in, size);
                        preparedSaveSql.setString(4, session.isValid() ? "1" : "0");
                        preparedSaveSql.setInt(5, session.getMaxInactiveInterval());
                        preparedSaveSql.setLong(6, session.getLastAccessedTime());
                        preparedSaveSql.execute();
                        // Break out after the finally block
                        numberOfTries = 0;
                    }
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    manager.getContext().getLogger().error(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.SQLException", e));
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // Ignore
                } finally {
                    release(_conn);
                }
                numberOfTries--;
            }
        }

        if (manager.getContext().getLogger().isTraceEnabled()) {
            manager.getContext().getLogger()
                    .trace(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.saving", session.getIdInternal(), sessionTable));
        }
    }


    // --------------------------------------------------------- Protected Methods

    /**
     * Check the connection associated with this store, if it's <code>null</code> or closed try to reopen it. Returns
     * <code>null</code> if the connection could not be established.
     *
     * @return <code>Connection</code> if the connection succeeded
     */
    protected Connection getConnection() {
        Connection conn = null;
        try {
            conn = open();
            if (conn == null || conn.isClosed()) {
                manager.getContext().getLogger().info(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.checkConnectionDBClosed"));
                conn = open();
                if (conn == null || conn.isClosed()) {
                    manager.getContext().getLogger().info(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.checkConnectionDBReOpenFail"));
                }
            }
        } catch (SQLException ex) {
            manager.getContext().getLogger().error(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.checkConnectionSQLException", ex));
        }

        return conn;
    }

    /**
     * Open (if necessary) and return a database connection for use by this Store.
     *
     * @return database connection ready to use
     *
     * @exception SQLException if a database error occurs
     */
    protected Connection open() throws SQLException {
        if (dataSourceName != null && dataSource == null) {
            org.apache.catalina.Context context = getManager().getContext();
            if (getLocalDataSource()) {
                ClassLoader oldThreadContextCL = context.bind(null);
                try {
                    Context envCtx = (Context) (new InitialContext()).lookup("java:comp/env");
                    this.dataSource = (DataSource) envCtx.lookup(this.dataSourceName);
                } catch (NamingException e) {
                    context.getLogger().error(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.wrongDataSource", this.dataSourceName), e);
                } finally {
                    context.unbind(oldThreadContextCL);
                }
            } else {
                try {
                    // This should be the normal way to lookup for the global in the global context (no comp/env)
                    Service service = Container.getService(context);
                    if (service != null) {
                        Server server = service.getServer();
                        if (server != null) {
                            Context namingContext = server.getGlobalNamingContext();
                            this.dataSource = (DataSource) namingContext.lookup(dataSourceName);
                        }
                    }
                } catch (NamingException e) {
                    // Ignore, try another way for compatibility
                }
                if (this.dataSource == null) {
                    try {
                        Context envCtx = (Context) (new InitialContext()).lookup("java:comp/env");
                        this.dataSource = (DataSource) envCtx.lookup(this.dataSourceName);
                    } catch (NamingException e) {
                        context.getLogger().error(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.wrongDataSource", this.dataSourceName),
                                e);
                    }
                }
            }

        }

        if (dataSource != null) {
            return dataSource.getConnection();
        } else {
            throw new IllegalStateException(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.missingDataSource"));
        }
    }

    /**
     * Close the specified database connection.
     *
     * @param dbConnection The connection to be closed
     */
    protected void close(Connection dbConnection) {

        // Do nothing if the database connection is already closed
        if (dbConnection == null) {
            return;
        }

        // Commit if autoCommit is false
        try {
            if (!dbConnection.getAutoCommit()) {
                dbConnection.commit();
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            manager.getContext().getLogger().error(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.commitSQLException"), e);
        }

        // Close this database connection, and log any errors
        try {
            dbConnection.close();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            manager.getContext().getLogger().error(sm.getString("dataSourceStore.close", e));
        }
    }

    /**
     * Release the connection, if it is associated with a connection pool.
     *
     * @param conn The connection to be released
     */
    protected void release(Connection conn) {
        if (dataSource != null) {
            close(conn);
        }
    }

}