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  <articleinfo>
    <title>Update Manager Manual</title>
    <copyright>
      <year>2006</year>
      <holder>In Words</holder>
    </copyright>
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   <year>2000</year>
   <holder>ME-THE-TRANSLATOR (Latin translation)</holder>
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        <ulink url="http://www.inwords.co.za">In Words Techdoc Solutions</ulink>
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        <firstname>Sean</firstname>
        <surname>Wheller</surname>
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    <!-- According to GNU FDL, revision history is mandatory if you are -->
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    <revhistory>
      <revision>
        <revnumber>V0.0.1</revnumber>
        <date>06/03/2005</date>
        <revdescription>
          <para role="author">First version of the manual created in accordance
            with Update Manager V0.37.1+svn20050301. Documentation Writer
              <email>sean@inwords.co.za</email>
          </para>
          <para role="publisher">
            <ulink url="http://www.inwords.co.za">InWords Techdoc
            Solutions</ulink>
          </para>
        </revdescription>
      </revision>
      <revision>
        <revnumber>V0.0.2</revnumber>
        <date>26/03/2005</date>
        <revdescription>
          <para role="author">Edit of V0.0.1 to make some nodes shorter.
            Editor <email>jeffschering@gmail.com</email>
          </para>
          <para role="publisher">
            <ulink url="http://www.inwords.co.za">InWords Techdoc
              Solutions</ulink>
          </para>
        </revdescription>
      </revision>
      <revision>
        <revnumber>V0.0.3</revnumber>
        <date>26/03/2005</date>
        <revdescription>
          <para role="author">Added Help, Add CD, Settings options.
            <email>sean@inwords.co.za</email>
          </para>
          <para role="publisher">
            <ulink url="http://www.inwords.co.za">InWords Techdoc
              Solutions</ulink>
          </para>
        </revdescription>
      </revision>
    </revhistory>
    <releaseinfo>This manual explains how to use Update Manager, an apt update
      management application for the GNOME desktop created by the Ubuntu
      project.</releaseinfo>
    <legalnotice>
      <title>Feedback</title>
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  </articleinfo>
  <!-- ============= Document Body ============================= -->
  <!-- ============= Introduction ============================== -->
  <sect1 id="intro">
    <title>Introduction</title>
    <para>
      <application>Update Manager</application> is a graphical interface to the
      software update features of <application>Advanced Packaging
      Tool</application> (<acronym>APT</acronym>). <acronym>APT</acronym> is a
      command line tool for installing, updating, and removing software.</para>
    <para>
      <application>Update Manager</application> makes the task of checking for
      and installing software updates as effortless as possible.
        <application>Update Manager</application> keeps your system up-to-date
      by checking Ubuntu's software repositories for new versions of installed
      software. The new versions usually contain bug fixes and new features, but
      may also contain security updates. Use Update Manager on a regular basis
      to ensure that your system is as up-to-date and secure as possible.</para>
    <para>
      <application>Update Manager</application> decides which software needs to
      be updated by comparing the version numbers of individual software files
      on your computer with the software in one or more software repositories.
      The software repositories are usually on remote network servers, but may
      also be on a CD-ROM. Whenever <application>Update Manager</application>
      notifies you that an update is available, you may choose to install the
      update immediately, or to ignore the update.</para>
    <para>
      <application>Update Manager</application> has settings and preferences
      which allow you to: set how often it checks for updates, add and remove
      software repositories, and manage repository authentication keys. </para>
  </sect1>
  <sect1 id="getting-started">
    <title>Getting Started</title>
    <sect2 id="installation">
      <title>Installation</title>
      <para>
        <application>Update Manager</application> is installed as part of the
        Ubuntu standard installation, and should already be on your system. The
        application is known as <application>Ubuntu Update
        Manager</application>. If you need to install <application>Update
          Manager</application>, you can use <application>Synaptic Package
          Manager</application>. Choose <menuchoice>
          <guimenu>System</guimenu>
          <guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu>
          <guimenuitem>Synaptic Package Manager</guimenuitem>
        </menuchoice> to start <application>Synaptic</application>. The package
        you need to install is <command>update-manager</command>.</para>
      <para>You may also install Update Manager from the command line using
          <command>apt-get</command>. To install <application>Update
        Manager</application> from the command line:</para>
<programlisting>
sudo apt-get install update-manager
</programlisting>
      <para>
        <application>Update Manager</application> is dependent on the following
        packages: &apos;python,&apos; &apos;python-gnome2,&apos;
        &apos;python-apt,&apos; &apos;synaptic,&apos; and
        &apos;lsb-release.&apos;</para>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="starting-update-manager">
      <title>Starting Update Manager</title>
      <para>Choose <menuchoice>
          <guimenu>System</guimenu>
          <guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu>
          <guimenuitem>Ubuntu Update Manager</guimenuitem>
        </menuchoice> to start the application. Enter your password when
        prompted.</para>
      <para>You may also start <application>Update Manager</application> from
        the command line:</para>
<programlisting>
sudo update-manager
</programlisting>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="main-window">
      <title>Main Window</title>
      <para>The <application>Update Manager</application> main window is used for
        managing the update process and setting preferences.</para>
      <para>When you open <application>Update Manager</application>, the main
        window displays the list of packages that need to be installed to update
        your computer. If your computer is up-to-date, the main window contains
        only the message &quot;Your system is up-to-date!&quot; </para>
      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/main-system-updates-available.png"
              format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
          <caption>
            <para>Available Updates</para>
          </caption>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>
  <sect1 id="performing-updates">
    <title>Performing Updates</title>
    <sect2 id="updating">
      <title>Updating Your Computer</title>
      <para>When you open <application>Update Manager</application>, the main
        window displays the list of packages that need to be installed to update
        your computer. If your computer is up-to-date, the main window contains
        only the message &quot;Your system is up-to-date!&quot; </para>
      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/main-system-updates-available.png"
              format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
          <caption>
            <para>Available Updates</para>
          </caption>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
      <para>By default, all packages are marked for installation. In most
        cases you will install all of the packages right away. However, if there 
        are a large number of updates you may want to do only a few at a time.</para>
      <para>To un-mark a package for installation, <action>clear</action> the check box 
        for the package.</para>
      <para>To see additional information about a package, <action>click</action> on 
          <guibutton>Details</guibutton>. 
          (see <xref linkend="expanding-update-info"/>)</para> 
      <para>When you are ready to install the selected packages, 
          <action>click</action> on <guibutton>Install</guibutton>.</para>
      <para>If <application>Update Manager</application> detects one or more
        packages without a digital signature, the
          <guilabel>Summary</guilabel> dialog is displayed.</para>
      <para>The <guilabel>Summary</guilabel> dialog lists three groups of update 
      categories:</para>
      <variablelist>
        <varlistentry>
          <term>
            <emphasis role="bold">NOT AUTHENTICATED</emphasis>
          </term>
          <listitem>
            <para>Packages without a digital signature.</para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
        <varlistentry>
          <term>
            <emphasis role="bold">To be upgraded</emphasis>
          </term>
          <listitem>
            <para>Packages that will be upgraded.</para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
        <varlistentry>
          <term>
            <emphasis role="bold">Unchanged</emphasis>
          </term>
          <listitem>
            <para>Packages that will not be upgraded due to dependency issues.
              The packages will be upgraded in a future <application>Update 
              Manager</application> session, once the developers have
              resolved the package dependencies.</para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
      </variablelist>
      <para>If you do not want to install non-authenticated packages, click
      <guibutton>Cancel</guibutton>. The <guilabel>Summary</guilabel>
       dialog will close, and you can 
      deselect the packages in the <application>Update Manager</application> 
      main window.</para>
      <note>
        <para>If a deselected package is required as a dependency for a selected
          package, <application>Update Manager</application> will install the
          deselected package to satisfy the dependency.</para>
      </note>
      <para>
        <application>Update Manager</application> downloads all of the
        selected packages before installing them. The entire process might take a
        long time depending on the amount of data that needs to be downloaded, the
        speed of your network connection, and the number of packages that need to 
        be installed. While downloading packages, 
        <application>Update Manager</application> displays a dialog box that 
        monitors the download progress. (See <xref
          linkend="monitoring-download"/>).</para>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="expanding-update-info">
      <title>Expanded Update Information</title>
      <para>To see additional information about a package:</para>
      <orderedlist>
        <listitem>
            <para>Click on the package in the main window.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
            <para>Click on <guibutton>Details</guibutton>.A tabbed section 
            opens within the main window.</para>
        </listitem>
      </orderedlist>
       <para>The tabs are as follows:</para>
      <variablelist>
        <varlistentry>
          <term>
            <emphasis role="bold">Changes</emphasis>
          </term>
          <listitem>
            <para>A list of the changes incorporated in the package. The list
            is the contents of the <filename>ChangeLog</filename> file for the
            package.</para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
        <varlistentry>
          <term>
            <emphasis role="bold">Description</emphasis>
          </term>
          <listitem>
            <para>A short description of each program in the package.</para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
      </variablelist>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="monitoring-download">
      <title>Monitoring Download Progress</title>
      <para><application>Update Manager</application> displays the 
      <guilabel>Installing updates</guilabel> window while the 
      packages are downloading. The progress bar in the 
      <guilabel>Installing updates</guilabel> window shows the progress
      of the entire update.</para>
      <para>To display the download progress of each package, click on 
      <guibutton>Show progress of individual files</guibutton>.</para>
      <para>To cancel the download, click <guibutton>Cancel</guibutton>.
      </para>
      <para>All files must be downloaded before <application>
      Update Manager</application> can proceed to the installation stage. If
      the network connections fails or if you cancel the download, the update
      will not be installed.</para>
     <note>
        <para>To resume a canceled or failed download, click on Install in the
         main window. <application>Update Manager</application> will resume the
         download from the last successfully downloaded file.</para>
      </note>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="monitoring-installation">
      <title>Monitoring Installation Progress</title>
	  <para><application>Update Manager</application> displays the
	  <guilabel>Installation updates</guilabel> window while the updates are
	  being installed. The progress bar inside the <guilabel>Installation
	  updates</guilabel> window shows the progress of the entire installation.
	  </para>
      <para>To display the installation progress of each package, click on
	  <guibutton>Terminal</guibutton>. The terminal view opens within the
	  window. The terminal view displays the unfiltered output of the Advanced
	  Packaging Tool (APT). APT is the tool that Update Manager uses to
	  perform the update.</para>
      <caution>
        <para>Do not terminate the installation process. This may lead to
          corruption of installed programs and general system
		  instability.</para>
      </caution>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>
  <sect1 id="setting-preferences">
    <title>Setting Preferences</title>
    <para>The <application>Update Manager</application>
      <guibutton>Preferences</guibutton> button displays the <guilabel>Software
        Preferences</guilabel> dialog. From this dialog you can perform the
      following tasks:</para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>Manage software sources (see <xref linkend="managing-sources"
        />).</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Manage authentication keys (see <xref
            linkend="managing-authentication"/>).</para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>Manage settings (see <xref linkend="managing-settings"/>).</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <sect2 id="managing-sources">
      <title>Managing Software Sources</title>
      <para>During installation of a distro, software repositories are
        automatically added to the list of &apos;software sources.&apos;
        Typical sources added by the distro installation include the
        installation source, update, and security repositories. Sources can be
        added to and removed from the list and existing sources can be edited.</para>
      <note>
        <para>The operations described here modify <filename class="devicefile"
            >/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> using the <application>Update
            Manager</application> graphical user interface. Software sources can
          also be managed by making direct modifications in <filename
            class="devicefile">/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. This is only
          advised for advanced users.</para>
      </note>
      <sect3 id="adding-sources">
        <title>Adding Software Sources</title>
        <para>Software may be installed using various access methods:</para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <emphasis>CD-ROM</emphasis> - Compact Disk Read Only Memory,
              normally directly connected to the computer system and mounted
              locally by the operating system.</para>
          </listitem>
          <!-- Currently unsupported see http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=60910 -->
          <!-- mvo: is handled with cdrom URIs -->
          <!--<listitem>
            <para>
              <emphasis>DVD</emphasis> - Digital Video Disk, normally directly
              connected to the computer system and mounted locally by the
              operating system.</para>
          </listitem>-->
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <emphasis>FTP</emphasis> - File Transfer Protocol, a secure and
              reliable protocol designed specifically for the purpose of
              transferring large files across the Internet.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <emphasis>HTTP</emphasis> - HyperText Transfer Protocol, commonly
              used to request and receive Web pages, but can also be used for
              file transfer.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <emphasis>SMB</emphasis> - Server Management Block is used to
              access shared resources on computers running Microsoft
                <trademark>Windows</trademark> or <application>Samba
              Server</application>.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <emphasis>NFS</emphasis> - Network File System is used to access
              shared resources on Linux/UNIX computers.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <note>
          <para>Before software sources residing on SMB or NFS shares can be
            defined, the share must be mounted by the local system. Access can
            then be made via the local filesystem. For more information see
              <xref linkend="editing-sources"/>.</para>
        </note>
        <para>A new software source can be defined by <action>clicking</action>
          the <guibutton>Add</guibutton> button located on the
            <guilabel>Software Preferences</guilabel> dialog. This will
          display the <guilabel>Edit Repository</guilabel> dialog.</para>
        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="figures/preferences-add.png" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
            <caption>
              <para>Adding Software Sources</para>
            </caption>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
        <para>Complete the <guilabel>Edit Repository</guilabel> dialog to add
          a new Software source.</para>
        <variablelist>
          <varlistentry>
            <term>
              <emphasis role="bold">Repository</emphasis>
            </term>
            <listitem>
              <para>A drop-list containing known software sources.</para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>
          <varlistentry>
            <term>
              <emphasis role="bold">Components</emphasis>
            </term>
            <listitem>
              <para>The Ubuntu software repository contains thousands of
                software packages organized into four
                &apos;components,&apos; on the basis of the level of
                support we can offer them, and whether or not they comply with
                Free Software Philosophy. The components are called
                &apos;main,&apos; &apos;restricted,&apos;
                &apos;universe,&apos; and
                &apos;multiverse.&apos;</para>
              <para>Check the components you wish to include in the update list.</para>
              <itemizedlist>
                <listitem>
                  <para>
                    <emphasis role="bold">Officially supported (main)</emphasis>
                    - The main distribution component contains applications that
                    are free software, can freely be redistributed and are fully
                    supported by the Ubuntu team. This includes the most popular
                    and most reliable open source applications available, much
                    of which is installed by default when you install Ubuntu.
                    Software in main includes a hand-selected list of
                    applications that the Ubuntu developers, community, and
                    users feel are important and that the Ubuntu security and
                    distribution team are willing to support. When you install
                    software from the main component you are assured that the
                    software will come with security updates and technical
                    support. We believe that the software in main includes
                    everything most people will need for a fully functional
                    desktop or Internet server running only open source
                    software. The licenses for software applications in main
                    must be free, but main may also may contain binary firmware
                    and selected fonts that cannot be modified without
                    permission from their authors. In all cases redistribution
                    is unencumbered.</para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                  <para>
                    <emphasis role="bold">Restricted Copyright</emphasis> - The
                    restricted component is reserved for software that is very
                    commonly used, and which is supported by the Ubuntu team
                    even though it is not available under a completely free
                    license. Please note that it may not be possible to provide
                    complete support for this software since we are unable to
                    fix the software ourselves, but can only forward problem
                    reports to the actual authors. Some software from restricted
                    will be installed on Ubuntu CDs but is clearly separated to
                    ensure that it is easy to remove. We include this software
                    because it is essential in order for Ubuntu to run on
                    certain machines - typical examples are the binary drivers
                    that some video card vendors publish, which are the only way
                    for Ubuntu to run on those machines. By default, we will
                    only use open source software unless there is simply no
                    other way to install Ubuntu. The Ubuntu team works with such
                    vendors to accelerate the open-sourcing of their software to
                    ensure that as much software as possible is available under
                    a Free license.</para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                  <para>
                    <emphasis role="bold">Community maintained
                    (Universe)</emphasis> - The universe component is a snapshot
                    of the free, open source, and Linux world. In universe you
                    can find almost every piece of open source software, and
                    software available under a variety of less open licenses,
                    all built automatically from a variety of public sources.
                    All of this software is compiled against the libraries and
                    using the tools that form part of main, so it should install
                    and work well with the software in main, but it comes with
                    no guarantee of security fixes and support. The universe
                    component includes thousands of pieces of software. Through
                    universe, users are able to have the diversity and
                    flexibility offered by the vast open source world on top of
                    a stable Ubuntu core.</para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                  <para>
                    <emphasis role="bold">Non Free (Multiverse)</emphasis> - The
                    &apos;multiverse&apos; component contains software
                    that is <emphasis>not free</emphasis>, which means the
                    licensing requirements of this software do not meet the
                    Ubuntu &apos;main&apos; Component license Policy.
                    The onus is on you to verify your rights to use this
                    software and comply with the licensing terms of the
                    copyright holder. This software is not supported and usually
                    cannot be fixed or updated. Use it at your own risk.</para>
                </listitem>
              </itemizedlist>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>
        </variablelist>
      </sect3>
      <sect3 id="create-custom-sources">
        <title>Creating Custom Software Sources</title>
        <para>It is also possible to define custom software sources.</para>
        <para>To define a custom software source <action>click</action> the
            <guibutton>Custom</guibutton> button located on the <guilabel>Edit
            Repository</guilabel> dialog. This will display a dialog in which
          the custom repository can be defined using
          <application>apt</application> command syntax.
          <application>Apt</application> is an Advanced Packaging Tool and
          front-end to <application>dpkg</application> the Debian Package
          Management System. Once the <guilabel>apt line</guilabel> is entered
            <action>click</action> the <guibutton>Add repository</guibutton>
          button.</para>
        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="figures/preferences-add-custom.png"
                format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
            <caption>
              <para>Creating Custom Software Sources</para>
            </caption>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
        <para>The <application>apt</application> command syntax defines the
          &apos;type,&apos; &apos;location,&apos; and
          &apos;content&apos; of the repository. Example of the command
          syntax could look like this.</para>
        <programlisting>
<command>deb ftp://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hoary main restricted universe multiverse</command>
        </programlisting>
        <para>This example would define the software sources as a Debian source
          at ubuntu.com containing the hoary release and using all components.
          For definition of the components, see <xref linkend="managing-sources"
          />.</para>
      </sect3>
      <sect3 id="remove-sources">
        <title>Removing Software Sources</title>
        <para>Software sources can be removed from the sources list by selecting
          the software source then <action>clicking</action> the
            <guibutton>Remove</guibutton> button located on the
            <guilabel>Software Preferences</guilabel> dialog.</para>
        <para>Removal of a software source requires that the
          <application>apt</application> file (<filename class="devicefile"
            >/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>) that contains the a list of
          software sources is updated. Before modifying this file
            <application>Update Manager</application> prompts to confirm the
          operation. If the operation is confirmed a backup copy is create in
            <filename class="devicefile"
        >/etc/apt/sources.list.save</filename>.</para>
      </sect3>
      <sect3 id="editing-sources">
        <title>Editing Software Sources</title>
        <para>To change the values defining a software source, select the source
          record then <action>click</action> the edit button. This will display
          the <guilabel>Edit Repository</guilabel> dialog.</para>
        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="figures/preferences-edit.png" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
            <caption>
              <para>Editing Software Sources</para>
            </caption>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
        <variablelist>
          <varlistentry>
            <term>
              <emphasis role="bold">Type</emphasis>
            </term>
            <listitem>
              <para>Software sources may contain software in
                &apos;Binary&apos; or &apos;Source Code&apos;
                format. Select the option correlating to the repository
              format.</para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>
          <varlistentry>
            <term>
              <emphasis role="bold">URI</emphasis>
            </term>
            <listitem>
              <para>Enter a valid Uniform Resource Indicator
                (<acronym>URI</acronym>). Following is a list of examples for
                each of the possible access methods:</para>
              <itemizedlist>
                <listitem>
                  <para>
                    <!-- mvo: we don't want users to add the cd manually
                              new CDs with ubuntu will be detected 
                              automatically when inserted and it will prompt 
                              for action (start package manager, 
                              upgrade from it)
                    *mvo* either the sources edit window needs a "add-cdrom" butotn or the user needs to run synaptic
                    *froud* I would say add a "Add CDROM"
                    *mvo* yeah
                    *mvo* I'll file a wishlist bug to myself
                    *mvo* update-manger should have "add-cdrom" is bug #7315
                    -->
                    <emphasis>CD-ROM</emphasis> -
                      <command>cdrom:[description_of_cd]/</command>
                  </para>
                </listitem>
                <!-- Currently unsupported see http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=60910 -->
                <!-- mvo: is handled with cdrom URIs -->
                <!--<listitem>
                  <para>
                    <emphasis>DVD</emphasis> -
                      <command>dvd:[description_of_dvd]/</command>
                  </para>
                </listitem>-->
                <listitem>
                  <para>
                    <emphasis>FTP</emphasis> -
                      <command>ftp://ftp.domain.ext/path/to/repository</command>
                  </para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                  <para>
                    <emphasis>HTTP</emphasis> -
                      <command>http://www.domain.ext/path/to/repository</command>
                  </para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                  <para>
                    <emphasis>SMB</emphasis> - Works only when the computer is
                    already connected to an SMB share. To connect to SMB share
                    use the following command syntax from the shell
                      <command>smbclient //hostname/sharename -U
                    username</command>. </para>
                  <para>The SMB share is accessed from the local file system
                    once the local system is connected.
                      <command>file://path/to/sharefile</command>
                  </para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                  <para>
                    <emphasis>NFS</emphasis> - Works only when the computer is
                    already connected to a NFS share. To connect the NFS share
                    must be mounted. NFS shares are mounted on the client side
                    using the mount command. The format of the command is as
                    follows: <command>mount -o [options] [host]:[/remote/export]
                      [/local/directory]</command>
                  </para>
                  <para>Once mounted <application>Update Manager</application>
                    can access the share using the following command
                      <command>file://path/to/local/directory</command>
                  </para>
                </listitem>
              </itemizedlist>
              <note>
                <para>If accessing a SMB or NFS shares by manually issuing the
                    <command>mount</command> commands, the file system must be
                  remounted manually after the system is rebooted. Failing to
                  remount will result in <application>Update
                  Manager</application> not being able to access the
                resource.</para>
              </note>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>
          <varlistentry>
            <term>
              <emphasis role="bold">Distribution</emphasis>
            </term>
            <listitem>
              <para>The name of the distribution or name of the distribution
                version.</para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>
          <varlistentry>
            <term>
              <emphasis role="bold">Sections</emphasis>
            </term>
            <listitem>
              <para>The section of the distribution repository to access.</para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>
          <varlistentry>
            <term>
              <emphasis role="bold">Comment</emphasis>
            </term>
            <listitem>
              <para>Add a comment to describe the repository.</para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>
        </variablelist>
        <note>
          <para>Repositories defined using <application>Synaptic</application>,
            another package management tool, are automatically displayed in the
              <application>Update Manager</application> Software Sources
          list.</para>
        </note>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="managing-authentication">
      <title>Managing Authentication Keys</title>
      <para>Authentication keys make it possible to verify the integrity of
        update software. From the <guilabel>Authentication Keys</guilabel>
        dialog it is possible to view and manage the list authentication keys.
        Each key corresponds to a Software Source defined in the
          <guilabel>Software Preference</guilabel> dialog (see <xref
          linkend="managing-sources"/>). Keys can be added and removed. In the
        event of an error it is also possible to restore the default
        authentication keys provided by the defined update repositories.</para>
      <!-- I am not sure how the keys are obtained -->
      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/authentication.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
          <caption>
            <para>Managing Authentication Keys</para>
          </caption>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
      <sect3 id="adding-auth-keys">
        <title>Adding Authentication Keys</title>
        <para>Authentication keys are usually obtained from the software vendor
          running the repository. Often the vendor will place a copy of the
          authentication key on a key server, for example <ulink
            url="http://www.keyserver.net">www.keyserver.net</ulink>. The key
          can then be retrieved using the command <command>gpg
          -recv-key</command>. When the key resides on a key server the option
            <option>--keyserver</option> must be used to give the name of this
          key server.</para>
        <programlisting>
gpg -recv-key --keyserver www.keyserver.net
        </programlisting>
        <note>
          <para>If the key is fetched over a untrusted medium, like the
            Internet, additional steps should be taken to verify the key. For
            example, getting the fingerprint with a secure method such as by
            phone, letter, or business card. Alternately you can check if the
            key is signed with a known-good key.</para>
        </note>
        <para>Once the key is downloaded, select it using the <guilabel>Choose
            a key-file</guilabel> dialog that is displayed when the
            <guibutton>Add</guibutton> button.</para>
        <screenshot>
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="figures/authentication-add.png" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
            <caption>
              <para>Adding Authentication Keys</para>
            </caption>
          </mediaobject>
        </screenshot>
      </sect3>
      <sect3 id="remove-auth-keys">
        <title>Removing Authentication Keys</title>
        <para>Authentication keys can be removed by selecting a record item then
            <action>clicking</action> the <guibutton>Remove</guibutton>
        button.</para>
      </sect3>
      <sect3 id="restore-auth-keys">
        <title>Restoring Default Keys</title>
        <para>During installation the default Ubuntu Authentication keys are
          added to the <application>Ubuntu GPG Keyring</application> package. In
          the even of a key being accidentally deleted it can be restored by
          clicking the <guibutton>Restore default keys</guibutton>
        button.</para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="managing-settings">
      <title>Managing Settings</title>
      <para>The <guibutton>Settings</guibutton> button, located on the
          <guilabel>Software Preferences</guilabel> dialog, displays the
          <guilabel>Settings</guilabel> dialog. From this interface you can
        manage the behavior of the application and pre-update process.</para>
      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/settings.png" format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
          <caption>
            <para>Managing Settings</para>
          </caption>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
      <para>The following options are available:</para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <title>User Interface</title>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <emphasis>Show disabled software sources:</emphasis> - When checked
            software sources that are not checked in the <guilabel>Software
              Preferences</guilabel> dialog are displayed. When unchecked,
            these items are not displayed in the list.</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <title>Updates</title>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <itemizedlist>
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  <emphasis>Automatically check for software updates:</emphasis>
                  - When checked the <guilabel>Update interval in
                  days</guilabel> option is enabled. <application>Update
                  Manager</application> will poll all enabled software sources
                  for updates according to the value specified in the
                  scroll-box.</para>
              </listitem>
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  <emphasis>Download upgradable packages:</emphasis> - When
                  checked <application>Update Manager</application> will
                  automatically download any available software update packages.
                  It will not install them until the user has defined the
                  installation list (see <xref linkend="performing-updates"
                />).</para>
              </listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <title>Temporary files</title>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            <emphasis>Automatically clean temporary packages files:</emphasis> -
            When checked the <guilabel>Clean interval in days</guilabel> option
            is enabled. <application>Update Manager</application> automatically
            removes any temporary files created by the upgrade process according
            to the value specified in the scroll-box.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis>Set maximum size of the package cache:</emphasis> When checked the size of
          the package cache is limited to the value specified in the <guibutton>Maximum size in
            MB</guibutton> spin-box.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para><emphasis>Delete old packages in the package cache:</emphasis> When checked cached
            packaged with a date older than the value specified in the <guibutton>Maximum age in
              days</guibutton> spin-box will be automatically purged from the cache.</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
    </sect2>
    <sect2 id="configure-terminal-only-view">
      <title>Install Progress for Terminal View Only</title>
      <para>It is also possible to configure the installation progress to use
        only a terminal view. That is to say, no progress bar is displayed, only
        a terminal view.</para>
      <screenshot>
        <mediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="figures/main-view-monitor-update.png"
              format="PNG"/>
          </imageobject>
          <caption>
            <para>Monitoring Installation Progress</para>
          </caption>
        </mediaobject>
      </screenshot>
      <caution>
        <para>Do not terminate the installation process. This may lead to
          corruption of installed programs and general system
        instability.</para>
      </caution>
      <para>Changing between &apos;Progress Bar&apos; and
        &apos;Terminal View,&apos; modes is managed via
          <application>Synaptic</application>. To change modes proceed as
        follows:</para>
      <procedure>
        <step>
          <para>Start <application>Synaptic</application> by selecting <menuchoice>
              <guimenu>System</guimenu>
              <guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu>
              <guimenuitem>Synaptic Package Manager</guimenuitem>
            </menuchoice> from the Desktop menu system. </para>
        </step>
        <step>
          <para>When prompted, enter your password.</para>
        </step>
        <step>
          <para>From the main menu, select <menuchoice>
              <guimenu>Settings</guimenu>
              <guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem>
            </menuchoice>. The <guilabel>Preferences</guilabel> dialog is
            displayed.</para>
        </step>
        <step>
          <para>From the <guibutton>General</guibutton> tab, <guilabel>Apply
              Changes</guilabel> group, <action>check</action> or
              <action>uncheck</action> the <guibutton>Apply changes in terminal
              window</guibutton> checkbox.</para>
          <screenshot>
            <mediaobject>
              <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="figures/synaptic-toggle-install-view.png"
                  format="PNG"/>
              </imageobject>
              <caption>
                <para>Synaptic Preferences - General Tab</para>
              </caption>
            </mediaobject>
          </screenshot>
        </step>
        <step>
          <para>
            <action>Click</action>
            <guibutton>OK</guibutton> and exit
            <application>Synaptic</application>.</para>
        </step>
      </procedure>
    </sect2>
  </sect1>
  <sect1 id="about">
    <title>About Update Manager</title>
    <para>The <application>Update Manager</application> was written by Michiel
      Sikkes <email>michiel@eyeopened.nl</email> and Michael Vogt
        <email>michael.vogt@ubuntu.com</email> as an
      <application>apt</application> update manager for the GNOME Desktop of the
      Ubuntu distribution. The user manual was written by Sean Wheller
        <email>sean@inwords.co.za</email>.</para>
    <para>To report a bug or make a suggestion regarding this package or this
      manual, send mail to <email>ubuntu-users@lists.ubuntu.com</email>.</para>
  </sect1> &GFDL; </article>