1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
|
'\" t
.\" Title: lsns
.\" Author: [see the "AUTHOR(S)" section]
.\" Generator: Asciidoctor 2.0.20
.\" Date: 2025-12-15
.\" Manual: System Administration
.\" Source: util-linux 2.41.3
.\" Language: English
.\"
.TH "LSNS" "8" "2025-12-15" "util\-linux 2.41.3" "System Administration"
.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
.el .ds Aq '
.ss \n[.ss] 0
.nh
.ad l
.de URL
\fI\\$2\fP <\\$1>\\$3
..
.als MTO URL
.if \n[.g] \{\
. mso www.tmac
. am URL
. ad l
. .
. am MTO
. ad l
. .
. LINKSTYLE blue R < >
.\}
.SH "NAME"
lsns \- list namespaces
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.sp
\fBlsns\fP [options] [\fInamespace\fP]
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.sp
\fBlsns\fP lists information about all the currently accessible namespaces or about the given \fInamespace\fP. The \fInamespace\fP identifier is an inode number.
.sp
The default output is subject to change. So whenever possible, you should avoid using default outputs in your scripts. Always explicitly define expected output mode (\fB\-\-tree\fP or \fB\-\-list\fP) and columns by using the \fB\-\-output\fP option together with a columns list in environments where a stable output is required.
.sp
The \fBNSFS\fP column, printed when \fBnet\fP is specified for the \fB\-\-type\fP option, is special; it uses multi\-line cells. Use the option \fB\-\-nowrap\fP to switch to ","\-separated single\-line representation.
.sp
Note that \fBlsns\fP reads information directly from the \fI/proc\fP filesystem and for non\-root users it may return incomplete information. The current \fI/proc\fP filesystem may be unshared and affected by a PID namespace (see \fBunshare \-\-mount\-proc\fP for more details). \fBlsns\fP is not able to see persistent namespaces without processes where the namespace instance is held by a bind mount to /proc/\fIpid\fP/ns/\fItype\fP.
.SH "OPTIONS"
.sp
\fB\-H\fP, \fB\-\-list\-columns\fP
.RS 4
List the available columns, use with \fB\-\-json\fP or \fB\-\-raw\fP to get output in machine\-readable format.
.RE
.sp
\fB\-J\fP, \fB\-\-json\fP
.RS 4
Use JSON output format.
.RE
.sp
\fB\-l\fP, \fB\-\-list\fP
.RS 4
Use list output format.
.RE
.sp
\fB\-n\fP, \fB\-\-noheadings\fP
.RS 4
Do not print a header line.
.RE
.sp
\fB\-o\fP, \fB\-\-output\fP \fIlist\fP
.RS 4
Specify which output columns to print. Use \fB\-\-help\fP to get a list of all supported columns.
.sp
The default list of columns may be extended if \fIlist\fP is specified in the format \fB+\fP\fIlist\fP (e.g., \fBlsns \-o +PATH\fP).
.RE
.sp
\fB\-\-output\-all\fP
.RS 4
Output all available columns.
.RE
.sp
\fB\-P\fP, \fB\-\-persistent\fP
.RS 4
Display only the namespaces without processes (aka persistent namespaces), created by bind mounting
/proc/pid/ns/type files to a filesystem path.
.RE
.sp
\fB\-p\fP, \fB\-\-task\fP \fIPID\fP
.RS 4
Display only the namespaces held by the process with this \fIPID\fP.
.RE
.sp
\fB\-Q\fP, \fB\-\-filter\fP \fIexpr\fP
.RS 4
Print only the namespaces that meet the conditions specified by the expr.
.sp
This feature is EXPERIMENTAL. See also \fBscols\-filter\fP(5). For example
exclude root as username, but print every namespaces more than one process
belongs to:
.RE
.RS 3
.ll -.6i
.sp
.if n .RS 4
.nf
.fam C
lsns \-\-filter \*(AqUSER != "root" and NPROCS > 1\*(Aq
.fam
.fi
.if n .RE
.br
.RE
.ll
.sp
\fB\-r\fP, \fB\-\-raw\fP
.RS 4
Use the raw output format.
.RE
.sp
\fB\-t\fP, \fB\-\-type\fP \fItype\fP
.RS 4
Display the specified \fItype\fP of namespaces only. The supported types are \fBmnt\fP, \fBnet\fP, \fBipc\fP, \fBuser\fP, \fBpid\fP, \fButs\fP, \fBcgroup\fP and \fBtime\fP. This option may be given more than once.
.RE
.sp
\fB\-u\fP, \fB\-\-notruncate\fP
.RS 4
Do not truncate text in columns.
.RE
.sp
\fB\-W\fP, \fB\-\-nowrap\fP
.RS 4
Do not use multi\-line text in columns.
.RE
.sp
\fB\-T\fP, \fB\-\-tree\fP[\fB=\fP\fIrel\fP]
.RS 4
Use tree\-like output format. If \fBprocess\fP is given as \fIrel\fP, print process tree(s) in each name space. This is default when \fB\-\-tree\fP is not specified. If \fBparent\fP is given, print tree(s) constructed by the parent/child relationship. If \fBowner\fP is given, print tree(s) constructed by the owner/owned relationship. \fBowner\fP is used as default when \fIrel\fP is omitted.
.RE
.sp
\fB\-h\fP, \fB\-\-help\fP
.RS 4
Display help text and exit.
.RE
.sp
\fB\-V\fP, \fB\-\-version\fP
.RS 4
Display version and exit.
.RE
.SH "EXIT STATUS"
.sp
The \fBlsns\fP utility exits with one of the following values:
.sp
\fB0\fP
.RS 4
Success.
.RE
.sp
\fB1\fP
.RS 4
General error.
.RE
.sp
\fB2\fP
.RS 4
An ioctl was unknown to the kernel.
.RE
.SH "ENVIRONMENT"
.sp
\fBLSNS_DEBUG\fP=all
.RS 4
enables \fBlsns\fP debug output.
.RE
.SH "AUTHORS"
.sp
.MTO "kzak\(atredhat.com" "Karel Zak" ""
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.sp
\fBnsenter\fP(1),
\fBunshare\fP(1),
\fBclone\fP(2),
\fBnamespaces\fP(7),
\fBioctl_ns\fP(2),
\fBip\-netns\fP(8)
\fBscols\-filter\fP(5)
.SH "REPORTING BUGS"
.sp
For bug reports, use the \c
.URL "https://github.com/util\-linux/util\-linux/issues" "issue tracker" "."
.SH "AVAILABILITY"
.sp
The \fBlsns\fP command is part of the util\-linux package which can be downloaded from \c
.URL "https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util\-linux/" "Linux Kernel Archive" "."
|
