/*
 *  Copyright (C) 2012, 2015, 2016 Igalia S.L
 *  Copyright (C) 2015, 2016 Metrological Group B.V.
 *
 *  This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 *  modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 *  License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 *  version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 *  Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 */


#include "config.h"
#include "GStreamerCommon.h"

#if USE(GSTREAMER)

#include "ApplicationGLib.h"
#include "DMABufVideoSinkGStreamer.h"
#include "GLVideoSinkGStreamer.h"
#include "GStreamerAudioMixer.h"
#include "GStreamerRegistryScanner.h"
#include "GStreamerSinksWorkarounds.h"
#include "GUniquePtrGStreamer.h"
#include "GstAllocatorFastMalloc.h"
#include "IntSize.h"
#include "RuntimeApplicationChecks.h"
#include "SharedBuffer.h"
#include "WebKitAudioSinkGStreamer.h"
#include <gst/audio/audio-info.h>
#include <gst/gst.h>
#include <mutex>
#include <wtf/FileSystem.h>
#include <wtf/PrintStream.h>
#include <wtf/Scope.h>
#include <wtf/glib/GUniquePtr.h>
#include <wtf/glib/RunLoopSourcePriority.h>

#if USE(GSTREAMER_MPEGTS)
#define GST_USE_UNSTABLE_API
#include <gst/mpegts/mpegts.h>
#undef GST_USE_UNSTABLE_API
#endif

#if ENABLE(MEDIA_SOURCE)
#include "WebKitMediaSourceGStreamer.h"
#endif

#if ENABLE(MEDIA_STREAM)
#include "GStreamerMediaStreamSource.h"
#endif

#if ENABLE(SPEECH_SYNTHESIS)
#include "WebKitFliteSourceGStreamer.h"
#endif

#if ENABLE(ENCRYPTED_MEDIA) && ENABLE(THUNDER)
#include "CDMThunder.h"
#include "WebKitThunderDecryptorGStreamer.h"
#endif

#if ENABLE(VIDEO)
#include "VideoEncoderPrivateGStreamer.h"
#include "WebKitWebSourceGStreamer.h"
#endif

#if USE(GSTREAMER_WEBRTC)
#include <gst/webrtc/webrtc-enumtypes.h>
#endif

#if USE(GSTREAMER_FULL) && GST_CHECK_VERSION(1, 18, 0) && !GST_CHECK_VERSION(1, 20, 0)
#define IS_GST_FULL_1_18 1
#include <gst/gstinitstaticplugins.h>
#else
#define IS_GST_FULL_1_18 0
#endif

GST_DEBUG_CATEGORY(webkit_gst_common_debug);
#define GST_CAT_DEFAULT webkit_gst_common_debug

namespace WebCore {

static GstClockTime s_webkitGstInitTime;

GstPad* webkitGstGhostPadFromStaticTemplate(GstStaticPadTemplate* staticPadTemplate, const gchar* name, GstPad* target)
{
    GstPad* pad;
    GstPadTemplate* padTemplate = gst_static_pad_template_get(staticPadTemplate);

    if (target)
        pad = gst_ghost_pad_new_from_template(name, target, padTemplate);
    else
        pad = gst_ghost_pad_new_no_target_from_template(name, padTemplate);

    gst_object_unref(padTemplate);

    return pad;
}

#if ENABLE(VIDEO)
bool getVideoSizeAndFormatFromCaps(const GstCaps* caps, WebCore::IntSize& size, GstVideoFormat& format, int& pixelAspectRatioNumerator, int& pixelAspectRatioDenominator, int& stride)
{
    if (!doCapsHaveType(caps, GST_VIDEO_CAPS_TYPE_PREFIX)) {
        GST_WARNING("Failed to get the video size and format, these are not a video caps");
        return false;
    }

    GstStructure* structure = gst_caps_get_structure(caps, 0);
    if (!areEncryptedCaps(caps) && (!gst_structure_has_name(structure, "video/x-raw") || gst_structure_has_field(structure, "format"))) {
        GstVideoInfo info;
        gst_video_info_init(&info);
        if (!gst_video_info_from_caps(&info, caps))
            return false;

        format = GST_VIDEO_INFO_FORMAT(&info);
        size.setWidth(GST_VIDEO_INFO_WIDTH(&info));
        size.setHeight(GST_VIDEO_INFO_HEIGHT(&info));
        pixelAspectRatioNumerator = GST_VIDEO_INFO_PAR_N(&info);
        pixelAspectRatioDenominator = GST_VIDEO_INFO_PAR_D(&info);
        stride = GST_VIDEO_INFO_PLANE_STRIDE(&info, 0);
    } else {
        if (areEncryptedCaps(caps))
            format = GST_VIDEO_FORMAT_ENCODED;
        else
            format = GST_VIDEO_FORMAT_UNKNOWN;
        stride = 0;
        int width = 0, height = 0;
        gst_structure_get_int(structure, "width", &width);
        gst_structure_get_int(structure, "height", &height);
        if (!gst_structure_get_fraction(structure, "pixel-aspect-ratio", &pixelAspectRatioNumerator, &pixelAspectRatioDenominator)) {
            pixelAspectRatioNumerator = 1;
            pixelAspectRatioDenominator = 1;
        }

        size.setWidth(width);
        size.setHeight(height);
    }

    return true;
}

std::optional<FloatSize> getVideoResolutionFromCaps(const GstCaps* caps)
{
    if (!doCapsHaveType(caps, GST_VIDEO_CAPS_TYPE_PREFIX)) {
        GST_WARNING("Failed to get the video resolution, these are not a video caps");
        return std::nullopt;
    }

    int width = 0, height = 0;
    int pixelAspectRatioNumerator = 1, pixelAspectRatioDenominator = 1;

    GstStructure* structure = gst_caps_get_structure(caps, 0);
    if (!areEncryptedCaps(caps) && (!gst_structure_has_name(structure, "video/x-raw") || gst_structure_has_field(structure, "format"))) {
        GstVideoInfo info;
        gst_video_info_init(&info);
        if (!gst_video_info_from_caps(&info, caps))
            return std::nullopt;

        width = GST_VIDEO_INFO_WIDTH(&info);
        height = GST_VIDEO_INFO_HEIGHT(&info);
        pixelAspectRatioNumerator = GST_VIDEO_INFO_PAR_N(&info);
        pixelAspectRatioDenominator = GST_VIDEO_INFO_PAR_D(&info);
    } else {
        gst_structure_get_int(structure, "width", &width);
        gst_structure_get_int(structure, "height", &height);
        gst_structure_get_fraction(structure, "pixel-aspect-ratio", &pixelAspectRatioNumerator, &pixelAspectRatioDenominator);
    }

    return std::make_optional(FloatSize(width, height * (static_cast<float>(pixelAspectRatioDenominator) / static_cast<float>(pixelAspectRatioNumerator))));
}

bool getSampleVideoInfo(GstSample* sample, GstVideoInfo& videoInfo)
{
    if (!GST_IS_SAMPLE(sample))
        return false;

    GstCaps* caps = gst_sample_get_caps(sample);
    if (!caps)
        return false;

    gst_video_info_init(&videoInfo);
    if (!gst_video_info_from_caps(&videoInfo, caps))
        return false;

    return true;
}
#endif


const char* capsMediaType(const GstCaps* caps)
{
    ASSERT(caps);
    GstStructure* structure = gst_caps_get_structure(caps, 0);
    if (!structure) {
        GST_WARNING("caps are empty");
        return nullptr;
    }
#if ENABLE(ENCRYPTED_MEDIA)
    if (gst_structure_has_name(structure, "application/x-cenc") || gst_structure_has_name(structure, "application/x-cbcs") || gst_structure_has_name(structure, "application/x-webm-enc"))
        return gst_structure_get_string(structure, "original-media-type");
#endif
    if (gst_structure_has_name(structure, "application/x-rtp"))
        return gst_structure_get_string(structure, "media");

    return gst_structure_get_name(structure);
}

bool doCapsHaveType(const GstCaps* caps, const char* type)
{
    const char* mediaType = capsMediaType(caps);
    if (!mediaType) {
        GST_WARNING("Failed to get MediaType");
        return false;
    }
    return g_str_has_prefix(mediaType, type);
}

bool areEncryptedCaps(const GstCaps* caps)
{
    ASSERT(caps);
#if ENABLE(ENCRYPTED_MEDIA)
    GstStructure* structure = gst_caps_get_structure(caps, 0);
    if (!structure) {
        GST_WARNING("caps are empty");
        return false;
    }
    return gst_structure_has_name(structure, "application/x-cenc") || gst_structure_has_name(structure, "application/x-webm-enc");
#else
    UNUSED_PARAM(caps);
    return false;
#endif
}

static std::optional<Vector<String>> s_UIProcessCommandLineOptions;
void setGStreamerOptionsFromUIProcess(Vector<String>&& options)
{
    s_UIProcessCommandLineOptions = WTFMove(options);
}

Vector<String> extractGStreamerOptionsFromCommandLine()
{
    GUniqueOutPtr<char> contents;
    gsize length;
    if (!g_file_get_contents("/proc/self/cmdline", &contents.outPtr(), &length, nullptr))
        return { };

    Vector<String> options;
    auto optionsString = String::fromUTF8(contents.get(), length);
    optionsString.split('\0', [&options](StringView item) {
        if (item.startsWith("--gst"_s))
            options.append(item.toString());
    });
    return options;
}

bool ensureGStreamerInitialized()
{
    RELEASE_ASSERT(isInWebProcess());
    static std::once_flag onceFlag;
    static bool isGStreamerInitialized;
    std::call_once(onceFlag, [] {
        isGStreamerInitialized = false;

        // USE_PLAYBIN3 is dangerous for us because its potential sneaky effect
        // is to register the playbin3 element under the playbin namespace. We
        // can't allow this, when we create playbin, we want playbin2, not
        // playbin3.
        if (g_getenv("USE_PLAYBIN3"))
            WTFLogAlways("The USE_PLAYBIN3 variable was detected in the environment. Expect playback issues or please unset it.");

#if ENABLE(VIDEO) || ENABLE(WEB_AUDIO)
        Vector<String> parameters = s_UIProcessCommandLineOptions.value_or(extractGStreamerOptionsFromCommandLine());
        s_UIProcessCommandLineOptions.reset();
        char** argv = g_new0(char*, parameters.size() + 2);
        int argc = parameters.size() + 1;
        argv[0] = g_strdup(FileSystem::currentExecutableName().data());
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < parameters.size(); i++)
            argv[i + 1] = g_strdup(parameters[i].utf8().data());

        GUniqueOutPtr<GError> error;
        isGStreamerInitialized = gst_init_check(&argc, &argv, &error.outPtr());
        s_webkitGstInitTime = gst_util_get_timestamp();
        ASSERT_WITH_MESSAGE(isGStreamerInitialized, "GStreamer initialization failed: %s", error ? error->message : "unknown error occurred");
        g_strfreev(argv);
        GST_DEBUG_CATEGORY_INIT(webkit_gst_common_debug, "webkitcommon", 0, "WebKit Common utilities");

        if (isFastMallocEnabled()) {
            const char* disableFastMalloc = getenv("WEBKIT_GST_DISABLE_FAST_MALLOC");
            if (!disableFastMalloc || !strcmp(disableFastMalloc, "0"))
                gst_allocator_set_default(GST_ALLOCATOR(g_object_new(gst_allocator_fast_malloc_get_type(), nullptr)));
        }

#if USE(GSTREAMER_MPEGTS)
        if (isGStreamerInitialized)
            gst_mpegts_initialize();
#endif

        registerAppsinkWithWorkaroundsIfNeeded();
#endif
    });
    return isGStreamerInitialized;
}

static bool registerInternalVideoEncoder()
{
#if ENABLE(VIDEO)
    if (auto factory = adoptGRef(gst_element_factory_find("webkitvideoencoder")))
        return false;
    return gst_element_register(nullptr, "webkitvideoencoder", GST_RANK_PRIMARY + 100, WEBKIT_TYPE_VIDEO_ENCODER);
#endif
    return false;
}

void registerWebKitGStreamerElements()
{
    static std::once_flag onceFlag;
    bool registryWasUpdated = false;
    std::call_once(onceFlag, [&registryWasUpdated] {

#if IS_GST_FULL_1_18
        gst_init_static_plugins();
#endif

        // Rank guidelines are as following:
        // - Use GST_RANK_PRIMARY for elements meant to be auto-plugged and for which we know
        //   there's no other alternative outside of WebKit.
        // - Use GST_RANK_PRIMARY+100 for elements meant to be auto-plugged and that we know there
        //   is an alternative outside of WebKit.
        // - Use GST_RANK_NONE for elements explicitely created by WebKit (no auto-plugging).

#if ENABLE(ENCRYPTED_MEDIA) && ENABLE(THUNDER)
        if (!CDMFactoryThunder::singleton().supportedKeySystems().isEmpty())
            gst_element_register(nullptr, "webkitthunder", GST_RANK_PRIMARY + 100, WEBKIT_TYPE_MEDIA_THUNDER_DECRYPT);
#endif

#if ENABLE(MEDIA_STREAM)
        gst_element_register(nullptr, "mediastreamsrc", GST_RANK_PRIMARY, WEBKIT_TYPE_MEDIA_STREAM_SRC);
#endif
        registerInternalVideoEncoder();

#if ENABLE(MEDIA_SOURCE)
        gst_element_register(nullptr, "webkitmediasrc", GST_RANK_PRIMARY, WEBKIT_TYPE_MEDIA_SRC);
#endif

#if ENABLE(SPEECH_SYNTHESIS)
        gst_element_register(nullptr, "webkitflitesrc", GST_RANK_NONE, WEBKIT_TYPE_FLITE_SRC);
#endif

#if ENABLE(VIDEO)
        gst_element_register(0, "webkitwebsrc", GST_RANK_PRIMARY + 100, WEBKIT_TYPE_WEB_SRC);
        gst_element_register(0, "webkitdmabufvideosink", GST_RANK_NONE, WEBKIT_TYPE_DMABUF_VIDEO_SINK);
#if USE(GSTREAMER_GL)
        gst_element_register(0, "webkitglvideosink", GST_RANK_NONE, WEBKIT_TYPE_GL_VIDEO_SINK);
#endif
#endif
        // We don't want autoaudiosink to autoplug our sink.
        gst_element_register(0, "webkitaudiosink", GST_RANK_NONE, WEBKIT_TYPE_AUDIO_SINK);

        // If the FDK-AAC decoder is available, promote it and downrank the
        // libav AAC decoders, due to their broken LC support, as reported in:
        // https://ffmpeg.org/pipermail/ffmpeg-devel/2019-July/247063.html
        GRefPtr<GstElementFactory> elementFactory = adoptGRef(gst_element_factory_find("fdkaacdec"));
        if (elementFactory) {
            gst_plugin_feature_set_rank(GST_PLUGIN_FEATURE_CAST(elementFactory.get()), GST_RANK_PRIMARY);

            const char* const elementNames[] = {"avdec_aac", "avdec_aac_fixed", "avdec_aac_latm"};
            for (unsigned i = 0; i < G_N_ELEMENTS(elementNames); i++) {
                GRefPtr<GstElementFactory> avAACDecoderFactory = adoptGRef(gst_element_factory_find(elementNames[i]));
                if (avAACDecoderFactory)
                    gst_plugin_feature_set_rank(GST_PLUGIN_FEATURE_CAST(avAACDecoderFactory.get()), GST_RANK_MARGINAL);
            }
        }

        // Prevent decodebin(3) from auto-plugging hlsdemux if it was disabled. UAs should be able
        // to fallback to MSE when this happens.
        const char* hlsSupport = g_getenv("WEBKIT_GST_ENABLE_HLS_SUPPORT");
        if (!hlsSupport || !g_strcmp0(hlsSupport, "0")) {
            if (auto factory = adoptGRef(gst_element_factory_find("hlsdemux")))
                gst_plugin_feature_set_rank(GST_PLUGIN_FEATURE_CAST(factory.get()), GST_RANK_NONE);
        }

        // Prevent decodebin(3) from auto-plugging dashdemux if it was disabled. UAs should be able
        // to fallback to MSE when this happens.
        const char* dashSupport = g_getenv("WEBKIT_GST_ENABLE_DASH_SUPPORT");
        if (!dashSupport || !g_strcmp0(dashSupport, "0")) {
            if (auto factory = adoptGRef(gst_element_factory_find("dashdemux")))
                gst_plugin_feature_set_rank(GST_PLUGIN_FEATURE_CAST(factory.get()), GST_RANK_NONE);
        }

        // The new demuxers based on adaptivedemux2 cannot be used in WebKit yet because this new
        // base class does not abstract away network access. They can't work in a sandboxed
        // media process, so demote their rank in order to prevent decodebin3 from auto-plugging them.
        if (webkitGstCheckVersion(1, 22, 0)) {
            const char* const elementNames[] = { "dashdemux2", "hlsdemux2", "mssdemux2" };
            for (unsigned i = 0; i < G_N_ELEMENTS(elementNames); i++) {
                if (auto factory = adoptGRef(gst_element_factory_find(elementNames[i])))
                    gst_plugin_feature_set_rank(GST_PLUGIN_FEATURE_CAST(factory.get()), GST_RANK_NONE);
            }
        }

        // The VAAPI plugin is not much maintained anymore and prone to rendering issues. In the
        // mid-term we will leverage the new stateless VA decoders. Disable the legacy plugin,
        // unless the WEBKIT_GST_ENABLE_LEGACY_VAAPI environment variable is set to 1.
        const char* enableLegacyVAAPIPlugin = getenv("WEBKIT_GST_ENABLE_LEGACY_VAAPI");
        if (!enableLegacyVAAPIPlugin || !strcmp(enableLegacyVAAPIPlugin, "0")) {
            auto* registry = gst_registry_get();
            if (auto vaapiPlugin = adoptGRef(gst_registry_find_plugin(registry, "vaapi")))
                gst_registry_remove_plugin(registry, vaapiPlugin.get());
        }
        registryWasUpdated = true;
    });

    // The GStreamer registry might be updated after the scanner was initialized, so in this situation
    // we need to reset the internal state of the registry scanner.
    if (registryWasUpdated && !GStreamerRegistryScanner::singletonNeedsInitialization())
        GStreamerRegistryScanner::singleton().refresh();
}

void registerWebKitGStreamerVideoEncoder()
{
    static std::once_flag onceFlag;
    bool registryWasUpdated = false;
    std::call_once(onceFlag, [&registryWasUpdated] {
        registryWasUpdated = registerInternalVideoEncoder();
    });

    // The video encoder might be registered after the scanner was initialized, so in this situation
    // we need to reset the internal state of the registry scanner.
    if (registryWasUpdated && !GStreamerRegistryScanner::singletonNeedsInitialization())
        GStreamerRegistryScanner::singleton().refresh();
}

unsigned getGstPlayFlag(const char* nick)
{
    static GFlagsClass* flagsClass = static_cast<GFlagsClass*>(g_type_class_ref(g_type_from_name("GstPlayFlags")));
    ASSERT(flagsClass);

    GFlagsValue* flag = g_flags_get_value_by_nick(flagsClass, nick);
    if (!flag)
        return 0;

    return flag->value;
}

// Convert a MediaTime in seconds to a GstClockTime. Note that we can get MediaTime objects with a time scale that isn't a GST_SECOND, since they can come to
// us through the internal testing API, the DOM and internally. It would be nice to assert the format of the incoming time, but all the media APIs assume time
// is passed around in fractional seconds, so we'll just have to assume the same.
uint64_t toGstUnsigned64Time(const MediaTime& mediaTime)
{
    MediaTime time = mediaTime.toTimeScale(GST_SECOND);
    if (time.isInvalid())
        return GST_CLOCK_TIME_NONE;
    return time.timeValue();
}

void disconnectSimpleBusMessageCallback(GstElement* pipeline)
{
    auto bus = adoptGRef(gst_pipeline_get_bus(GST_PIPELINE(pipeline)));
    g_signal_handlers_disconnect_by_data(bus.get(), pipeline);
    gst_bus_remove_signal_watch(bus.get());
}

struct CustomMessageHandlerHolder {
    explicit CustomMessageHandlerHolder(Function<void(GstMessage*)>&& handler)
    {
        this->handler = WTFMove(handler);
    }
    Function<void(GstMessage*)> handler;
};

void connectSimpleBusMessageCallback(GstElement* pipeline, Function<void(GstMessage*)>&& customHandler)
{
    auto bus = adoptGRef(gst_pipeline_get_bus(GST_PIPELINE(pipeline)));
    gst_bus_add_signal_watch_full(bus.get(), RunLoopSourcePriority::RunLoopDispatcher);

    auto* holder = new CustomMessageHandlerHolder(WTFMove(customHandler));
    GQuark quark = g_quark_from_static_string("pipeline-custom-message-handler");
    g_object_set_qdata_full(G_OBJECT(pipeline), quark, holder, [](gpointer data) {
        delete reinterpret_cast<CustomMessageHandlerHolder*>(data);
    });

    g_signal_connect(bus.get(), "message", G_CALLBACK(+[](GstBus*, GstMessage* message, GstElement* pipeline) {
        switch (GST_MESSAGE_TYPE(message)) {
        case GST_MESSAGE_ERROR: {
            GST_ERROR_OBJECT(pipeline, "Got message: %" GST_PTR_FORMAT, message);
            auto dotFileName = makeString(GST_OBJECT_NAME(pipeline), "_error");
            GST_DEBUG_BIN_TO_DOT_FILE_WITH_TS(GST_BIN_CAST(pipeline), GST_DEBUG_GRAPH_SHOW_ALL, dotFileName.utf8().data());
            break;
        }
        case GST_MESSAGE_STATE_CHANGED: {
            if (GST_MESSAGE_SRC(message) != GST_OBJECT_CAST(pipeline))
                break;

            GstState oldState;
            GstState newState;
            GstState pending;
            gst_message_parse_state_changed(message, &oldState, &newState, &pending);

            GST_INFO_OBJECT(pipeline, "State changed (old: %s, new: %s, pending: %s)", gst_element_state_get_name(oldState),
                gst_element_state_get_name(newState), gst_element_state_get_name(pending));

            auto dotFileName = makeString(GST_OBJECT_NAME(pipeline), '_', gst_element_state_get_name(oldState), '_', gst_element_state_get_name(newState));
            GST_DEBUG_BIN_TO_DOT_FILE_WITH_TS(GST_BIN_CAST(pipeline), GST_DEBUG_GRAPH_SHOW_ALL, dotFileName.utf8().data());
            break;
        }
        case GST_MESSAGE_LATENCY:
            gst_bin_recalculate_latency(GST_BIN_CAST(pipeline));
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }

        GQuark quark = g_quark_from_static_string("pipeline-custom-message-handler");
        auto* holder = reinterpret_cast<CustomMessageHandlerHolder*>(g_object_get_qdata(G_OBJECT(pipeline), quark));
        if (!holder)
            return;

        holder->handler(message);
    }), pipeline);
}

template<>
Vector<uint8_t> GstMappedBuffer::createVector() const
{
    return { data(), size() };
}

Ref<SharedBuffer> GstMappedOwnedBuffer::createSharedBuffer()
{
    return SharedBuffer::create(*this);
}

bool isGStreamerPluginAvailable(const char* name)
{
    GRefPtr<GstPlugin> plugin = adoptGRef(gst_registry_find_plugin(gst_registry_get(), name));
    if (!plugin)
        GST_WARNING("Plugin %s not found. Please check your GStreamer installation", name);
    return plugin;
}

bool gstElementFactoryEquals(GstElement* element, ASCIILiteral name)
{
    return name == GST_OBJECT_NAME(gst_element_get_factory(element));
}

GstElement* createAutoAudioSink(const String& role)
{
    auto* audioSink = makeGStreamerElement("autoaudiosink", nullptr);
    g_signal_connect_data(audioSink, "child-added", G_CALLBACK(+[](GstChildProxy*, GObject* object, gchar*, gpointer userData) {
        auto* role = reinterpret_cast<StringImpl*>(userData);
        auto* objectClass = G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(object);
        if (role && g_object_class_find_property(objectClass, "stream-properties")) {
            GUniquePtr<GstStructure> properties(gst_structure_new("stream-properties", "media.role", G_TYPE_STRING, role->utf8().data(), nullptr));
            g_object_set(object, "stream-properties", properties.get(), nullptr);
            GST_DEBUG("Set media.role as %s on %" GST_PTR_FORMAT, role->utf8().data(), GST_ELEMENT_CAST(object));
        }
        if (g_object_class_find_property(objectClass, "client-name")) {
            auto& clientName = getApplicationName();
            g_object_set(object, "client-name", clientName.ascii().data(), nullptr);
        }
    }), role.isolatedCopy().releaseImpl().leakRef(), static_cast<GClosureNotify>([](gpointer userData, GClosure*) {
        reinterpret_cast<StringImpl*>(userData)->deref();
    }), static_cast<GConnectFlags>(0));
    return audioSink;
}

GstElement* createPlatformAudioSink(const String& role)
{
    GstElement* audioSink = webkitAudioSinkNew();
    if (!audioSink) {
        // This means the WebKit audio sink configuration failed. It can happen for the following reasons:
        // - audio mixing was not requested using the WEBKIT_GST_ENABLE_AUDIO_MIXER
        // - audio mixing was requested using the WEBKIT_GST_ENABLE_AUDIO_MIXER but the audio mixer
        //   runtime requirements are not fullfilled.
        // - the sink was created for the WPE port, audio mixing was not requested and no
        //   WPEBackend-FDO audio receiver has been registered at runtime.
        audioSink = createAutoAudioSink(role);
    }

    return audioSink;
}

bool webkitGstSetElementStateSynchronously(GstElement* pipeline, GstState targetState, Function<bool(GstMessage*)>&& messageHandler)
{
    GST_DEBUG_OBJECT(pipeline, "Setting state to %s", gst_element_state_get_name(targetState));

    GstState currentState;
    auto result = gst_element_get_state(pipeline, &currentState, nullptr, 10);
    if (result == GST_STATE_CHANGE_SUCCESS && currentState == targetState) {
        GST_DEBUG_OBJECT(pipeline, "Target state already reached");
        return true;
    }

    auto bus = adoptGRef(gst_pipeline_get_bus(GST_PIPELINE(pipeline)));
    gst_bus_enable_sync_message_emission(bus.get());

    auto cleanup = makeScopeExit([bus = GRefPtr<GstBus>(bus), pipeline, targetState] {
        gst_bus_disable_sync_message_emission(bus.get());
        GstState currentState;
        auto result = gst_element_get_state(pipeline, &currentState, nullptr, 0);
        GST_DEBUG_OBJECT(pipeline, "Task finished, result: %s, target state reached: %s", gst_element_state_change_return_get_name(result), boolForPrinting(currentState == targetState));
    });

    result = gst_element_set_state(pipeline, targetState);
    if (result == GST_STATE_CHANGE_FAILURE)
        return false;

    if (result == GST_STATE_CHANGE_ASYNC) {
        while (auto message = adoptGRef(gst_bus_timed_pop_filtered(bus.get(), GST_CLOCK_TIME_NONE, GST_MESSAGE_STATE_CHANGED))) {
            if (!messageHandler(message.get()))
                return false;

            result = gst_element_get_state(pipeline, &currentState, nullptr, 10);
            if (result == GST_STATE_CHANGE_FAILURE)
                return false;

            if (currentState == targetState)
                return true;
        }
    }
    return true;
}

GstBuffer* gstBufferNewWrappedFast(void* data, size_t length)
{
    return gst_buffer_new_wrapped_full(static_cast<GstMemoryFlags>(0), data, length, 0, length, data, fastFree);
}

GstElement* makeGStreamerElement(const char* factoryName, const char* name)
{
    static Lock lock;
    static Vector<const char*> cache WTF_GUARDED_BY_LOCK(lock);
    auto* element = gst_element_factory_make(factoryName, name);
    Locker locker { lock };
    if (!element && !cache.contains(factoryName)) {
        cache.append(factoryName);
        WTFLogAlways("GStreamer element %s not found. Please install it", factoryName);
    }
    return element;
}

GstElement* makeGStreamerBin(const char* description, bool ghostUnlinkedPads)
{
    static Lock lock;
    static Vector<const char*> cache WTF_GUARDED_BY_LOCK(lock);
    GUniqueOutPtr<GError> error;
    auto* bin = gst_parse_bin_from_description(description, ghostUnlinkedPads, &error.outPtr());
    Locker locker { lock };
    if (!bin && !cache.contains(description)) {
        cache.append(description);
        WTFLogAlways("Unable to create bin for description: \"%s\". Error: %s", description, error->message);
    }
    return bin;
}

static RefPtr<JSON::Value> gstStructureToJSON(const GstStructure*);

static std::optional<RefPtr<JSON::Value>> gstStructureValueToJSON(const GValue* value)
{
    if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_STRUCTURE(value))
        return gstStructureToJSON(gst_value_get_structure(value));

    if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_ARRAY(value)) {
        unsigned size = gst_value_array_get_size(value);
        auto array = JSON::Array::create();
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            if (auto innerJson = gstStructureValueToJSON(gst_value_array_get_value(value, i)))
                array->pushValue(innerJson->releaseNonNull());
        }
        return array->asArray()->asValue();
    }
    if (GST_VALUE_HOLDS_LIST(value)) {
        unsigned size = gst_value_list_get_size(value);
        auto array = JSON::Array::create();
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            if (auto innerJson = gstStructureValueToJSON(gst_value_list_get_value(value, i)))
                array->pushValue(innerJson->releaseNonNull());
        }
        return array->asArray()->asValue();
    }
    auto valueType = G_VALUE_TYPE(value);
    if (valueType == G_TYPE_BOOLEAN)
        return JSON::Value::create(g_value_get_boolean(value))->asValue();

    if (valueType == G_TYPE_INT)
        return JSON::Value::create(g_value_get_int(value))->asValue();

    if (valueType == G_TYPE_UINT)
        return JSON::Value::create(static_cast<int>(g_value_get_uint(value)))->asValue();

    if (valueType == G_TYPE_DOUBLE)
        return JSON::Value::create(g_value_get_double(value))->asValue();

    if (valueType == G_TYPE_FLOAT)
        return JSON::Value::create(static_cast<double>(g_value_get_float(value)))->asValue();

    // FIXME: bigint support missing in JSON.
    if (valueType == G_TYPE_UINT64)
        return JSON::Value::create(static_cast<int>(g_value_get_uint64(value)))->asValue();

    if (valueType == G_TYPE_STRING)
        return JSON::Value::create(makeString(g_value_get_string(value)))->asValue();

#if USE(GSTREAMER_WEBRTC)
    if (valueType == GST_TYPE_WEBRTC_STATS_TYPE) {
        GUniquePtr<char> statsType(g_enum_to_string(GST_TYPE_WEBRTC_STATS_TYPE, g_value_get_enum(value)));
        return JSON::Value::create(makeString(statsType.get()))->asValue();
    }
#endif

    GST_WARNING("Unhandled GValue type: %s", G_VALUE_TYPE_NAME(value));
    return { };
}

static gboolean parseGstStructureValue(GQuark fieldId, const GValue* value, gpointer userData)
{
    if (auto jsonValue = gstStructureValueToJSON(value)) {
        auto* object = reinterpret_cast<JSON::Object*>(userData);
        object->setValue(String::fromLatin1(g_quark_to_string(fieldId)), jsonValue->releaseNonNull());
    }
    return TRUE;
}

static RefPtr<JSON::Value> gstStructureToJSON(const GstStructure* structure)
{
    auto jsonObject = JSON::Object::create();
    auto resultValue = jsonObject->asObject();
    if (!resultValue)
        return nullptr;

    gst_structure_foreach(structure, parseGstStructureValue, resultValue.get());
    return resultValue;
}

String gstStructureToJSONString(const GstStructure* structure)
{
    auto value = gstStructureToJSON(structure);
    if (!value)
        return { };
    return value->toJSONString();
}

GstClockTime webkitGstInitTime()
{
    return s_webkitGstInitTime;
}

PlatformVideoColorSpace videoColorSpaceFromCaps(const GstCaps* caps)
{
    GstVideoInfo info;
    if (!gst_video_info_from_caps(&info, caps))
        return { };

    return videoColorSpaceFromInfo(info);
}

PlatformVideoColorSpace videoColorSpaceFromInfo(const GstVideoInfo& info)
{
    ensureGStreamerInitialized();
#ifndef GST_DISABLE_GST_DEBUG
    GUniquePtr<char> colorimetry(gst_video_colorimetry_to_string(&GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(&info)));
#endif
    PlatformVideoColorSpace colorSpace;
    switch (GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(&info).matrix) {
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_MATRIX_RGB:
        colorSpace.matrix = PlatformVideoMatrixCoefficients::Rgb;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_MATRIX_BT709:
        colorSpace.matrix = PlatformVideoMatrixCoefficients::Bt709;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_MATRIX_BT601:
        colorSpace.matrix = PlatformVideoMatrixCoefficients::Smpte170m;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_MATRIX_SMPTE240M:
        colorSpace.matrix = PlatformVideoMatrixCoefficients::Smpte240m;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_MATRIX_FCC:
        colorSpace.matrix = PlatformVideoMatrixCoefficients::Fcc;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_MATRIX_BT2020:
        colorSpace.matrix = PlatformVideoMatrixCoefficients::Bt2020ConstantLuminance;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_MATRIX_UNKNOWN:
        colorSpace.matrix = PlatformVideoMatrixCoefficients::Unspecified;
        break;
    default:
#ifndef GST_DISABLE_GST_DEBUG
        GST_WARNING("Unhandled colorspace matrix from %s", colorimetry.get());
#endif
        break;
    }

    switch (GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(&info).transfer) {
    case GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_SRGB:
        colorSpace.transfer = PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Iec6196621;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_BT709:
        colorSpace.transfer = PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Bt709;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_BT601:
        colorSpace.transfer = PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Smpte170m;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_SMPTE2084:
        colorSpace.transfer = PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::SmpteSt2084;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_ARIB_STD_B67:
        colorSpace.transfer = PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::AribStdB67Hlg;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_BT2020_10:
        colorSpace.transfer = PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Bt2020_10bit;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_BT2020_12:
        colorSpace.transfer = PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Bt2020_12bit;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_GAMMA10:
        colorSpace.transfer = PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Linear;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_GAMMA22:
        colorSpace.transfer = PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Gamma22curve;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_GAMMA28:
        colorSpace.transfer = PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Gamma28curve;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_SMPTE240M:
        colorSpace.transfer = PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Smpte240m;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_LOG100:
        colorSpace.transfer = PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Log;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_LOG316:
        colorSpace.transfer = PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::LogSqrt;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_UNKNOWN:
        colorSpace.transfer = PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Unspecified;
        break;
    default:
#ifndef GST_DISABLE_GST_DEBUG
        GST_WARNING("Unhandled colorspace transfer from %s", colorimetry.get());
#endif
        break;
    }

    switch (GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(&info).primaries) {
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_BT709:
        colorSpace.primaries = PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::Bt709;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_BT470BG:
        colorSpace.primaries = PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::Bt470bg;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_BT470M:
        colorSpace.primaries = PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::Bt470m;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_SMPTE170M:
        colorSpace.primaries = PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::Smpte170m;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_SMPTERP431:
        colorSpace.primaries = PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::SmpteRp431;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_SMPTEEG432:
        colorSpace.primaries = PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::SmpteEg432;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_FILM:
        colorSpace.primaries = PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::Film;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_BT2020:
        colorSpace.primaries = PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::Bt2020;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_SMPTE240M:
        colorSpace.primaries = PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::Smpte240m;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_EBU3213:
        colorSpace.primaries = PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::JedecP22Phosphors;
        break;
    case GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_UNKNOWN:
        colorSpace.primaries = PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::Unspecified;
        break;
    default:
#ifndef GST_DISABLE_GST_DEBUG
        GST_WARNING("Unhandled colorspace primaries from %s", colorimetry.get());
#endif
        break;
    }

    if (GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(&info).range != GST_VIDEO_COLOR_RANGE_UNKNOWN)
        colorSpace.fullRange = GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(&info).range == GST_VIDEO_COLOR_RANGE_0_255;

    return colorSpace;
}

void fillVideoInfoColorimetryFromColorSpace(GstVideoInfo* info, const PlatformVideoColorSpace& colorSpace)
{
    ensureGStreamerInitialized();
    if (colorSpace.matrix) {
        switch (*colorSpace.matrix) {
        case PlatformVideoMatrixCoefficients::Rgb:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).matrix = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_MATRIX_RGB;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoMatrixCoefficients::Bt709:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).matrix = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_MATRIX_BT709;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoMatrixCoefficients::Smpte170m:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).matrix = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_MATRIX_BT601;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoMatrixCoefficients::Smpte240m:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).matrix = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_MATRIX_SMPTE240M;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoMatrixCoefficients::Fcc:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).matrix = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_MATRIX_FCC;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoMatrixCoefficients::Bt2020ConstantLuminance:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).matrix = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_MATRIX_BT2020;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoMatrixCoefficients::Unspecified:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).matrix = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_MATRIX_UNKNOWN;
            break;
        default:
            break;
        };
    } else
        GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).matrix = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_MATRIX_UNKNOWN;

    if (colorSpace.transfer) {
        switch (*colorSpace.transfer) {
        case PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Iec6196621:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).transfer = GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_SRGB;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Bt709:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).transfer = GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_BT709;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Smpte170m:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).transfer = GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_BT601;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::SmpteSt2084:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).transfer = GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_SMPTE2084;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::AribStdB67Hlg:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).transfer = GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_ARIB_STD_B67;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Bt2020_10bit:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).transfer = GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_BT2020_10;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Bt2020_12bit:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).transfer = GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_BT2020_12;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Linear:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).transfer = GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_GAMMA10;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Gamma22curve:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).transfer = GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_GAMMA22;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Gamma28curve:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).transfer = GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_GAMMA28;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Smpte240m:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).transfer = GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_SMPTE240M;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Log:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).transfer = GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_LOG100;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::LogSqrt:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).transfer = GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_LOG316;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoTransferCharacteristics::Unspecified:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).transfer = GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_UNKNOWN;
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
    } else
        GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).transfer = GST_VIDEO_TRANSFER_UNKNOWN;

    if (colorSpace.primaries) {
        switch (*colorSpace.primaries) {
        case PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::Bt709:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).primaries = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_BT709;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::Bt470bg:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).primaries = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_BT470BG;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::Bt470m:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).primaries = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_BT470M;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::Smpte170m:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).primaries = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_SMPTE170M;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::SmpteRp431:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).primaries = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_SMPTERP431;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::SmpteEg432:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).primaries = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_SMPTEEG432;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::Film:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).primaries = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_FILM;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::Bt2020:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).primaries = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_BT2020;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::Smpte240m:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).primaries = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_SMPTE240M;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::JedecP22Phosphors:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).primaries = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_EBU3213;
            break;
        case PlatformVideoColorPrimaries::Unspecified:
            GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).primaries = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_UNKNOWN;
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
    } else
        GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).primaries = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_PRIMARIES_UNKNOWN;

    if (colorSpace.fullRange)
        GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).range = *colorSpace.fullRange ? GST_VIDEO_COLOR_RANGE_0_255 : GST_VIDEO_COLOR_RANGE_16_235;
    else
        GST_VIDEO_INFO_COLORIMETRY(info).range = GST_VIDEO_COLOR_RANGE_UNKNOWN;
}

void configureVideoDecoderForHarnessing(const GRefPtr<GstElement>& element)
{
    if (gstObjectHasProperty(element.get(), "max-threads"))
        g_object_set(element.get(), "max-threads", 1, nullptr);

    if (gstObjectHasProperty(element.get(), "max-errors"))
        g_object_set(element.get(), "max-errors", 0, nullptr);

    if (gstObjectHasProperty(element.get(), "std-compliance"))
        gst_util_set_object_arg(G_OBJECT(element.get()), "std-compliance", "strict");

    if (gstObjectHasProperty(element.get(), "output-corrupt"))
        g_object_set(element.get(), "output-corrupt", FALSE, nullptr);
}

static bool gstObjectHasProperty(GstObject* gstObject, const char* name)
{
    return g_object_class_find_property(G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(gstObject), name);
}

bool gstObjectHasProperty(GstElement* element, const char* name)
{
    return gstObjectHasProperty(GST_OBJECT_CAST(element), name);
}

bool gstObjectHasProperty(GstPad* pad, const char* name)
{
    return gstObjectHasProperty(GST_OBJECT_CAST(pad), name);
}

GRefPtr<GstBuffer> wrapSpanData(const std::span<const uint8_t>& span)
{
    if (span.empty())
        return nullptr;

    Vector<uint8_t> data { span };
    auto bufferSize = data.size();
    auto bufferData = data.data();
    auto buffer = adoptGRef(gst_buffer_new_wrapped_full(GST_MEMORY_FLAG_READONLY, bufferData, bufferSize, 0, bufferSize, new Vector<uint8_t>(WTFMove(data)), [](gpointer data) {
        delete static_cast<Vector<uint8_t>*>(data);
    }));
    return buffer;
}

#undef GST_CAT_DEFAULT

} // namespace WebCore

#undef IS_GST_FULL_1_18

#endif // USE(GSTREAMER)