/*
 * Copyright (C) 2012-2022 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY APPLE INC. ``AS IS'' AND ANY
 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL APPLE INC. OR
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
 * OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 
 */

#pragma once

#include <memory>
#include <optional>
#include <span>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <tuple>
#include <wtf/EnumTraits.h>
#include <wtf/Forward.h>
#include <wtf/FastMalloc.h>
#include <wtf/FixedWidthDouble.h>
#include <wtf/Noncopyable.h>
#include <wtf/RawHex.h>
#include <wtf/RawPointer.h>
#include <wtf/RefPtr.h>
#include <wtf/StdLibExtras.h>

namespace WTF {

inline const char* boolForPrinting(bool value)
{
    return value ? "true" : "false";
}

inline const char* boolForPrinting(const std::optional<bool>& value)
{
    return value ? boolForPrinting(value.value()) : "<nullopt>";
}

class PrintStream {
    WTF_MAKE_FAST_ALLOCATED; WTF_MAKE_NONCOPYABLE(PrintStream);
public:
    WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE PrintStream();
    WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE virtual ~PrintStream();

    WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printf(const char* format, ...) WTF_ATTRIBUTE_PRINTF(2, 3);
    WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printfVariableFormat(const char* format, ...);
    virtual void vprintf(const char* format, va_list) WTF_ATTRIBUTE_PRINTF(2, 0) = 0;

    // Typically a no-op for many subclasses of PrintStream, this is a hint that
    // the implementation should flush its buffers if it had not done so already.
    WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE virtual void flush();
    
    template<typename Func>
    void atomically(const Func& func)
    {
        func(begin());
        end();
    }
    
    template<typename... Types>
    void print(const Types&... values)
    {
        atomically(
            [&] (PrintStream& out) {
                out.printImpl(values...);
            });
    }
    
    template<typename... Types>
    void println(const Types&... values)
    {
        print(values..., "\n");
    }

protected:
    void printImpl() { }

    template<typename T, typename... Types>
    void printImpl(const T& value, const Types&... remainingValues)
    {
        printInternal(*this, value);
        printImpl(remainingValues...);
    }
    
    WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE virtual PrintStream& begin();
    WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE virtual void end();
};

WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, const char*);
template<std::size_t Extent>
inline void printInternal(PrintStream& out, std::span<const char, Extent> string)
{
WTF_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFER_USAGE_BEGIN
    out.printf("%.*s", static_cast<int>(string.size()), string.data());
WTF_ALLOW_UNSAFE_BUFFER_USAGE_END
}
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, StringView);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, const CString&);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, const String&);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, const AtomString&);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, const StringImpl*);
inline void printInternal(PrintStream& out, const AtomStringImpl* value) { printInternal(out, std::bit_cast<const StringImpl*>(value)); }
inline void printInternal(PrintStream& out, const UniquedStringImpl* value) { printInternal(out, std::bit_cast<const StringImpl*>(value)); }
inline void printInternal(PrintStream& out, const UniquedStringImpl& value) { printInternal(out, &value); }
inline void printInternal(PrintStream& out, char* value) { printInternal(out, static_cast<const char*>(value)); }
inline void printInternal(PrintStream& out, CString& value) { printInternal(out, static_cast<const CString&>(value)); }
inline void printInternal(PrintStream& out, String& value) { printInternal(out, static_cast<const String&>(value)); }
inline void printInternal(PrintStream& out, StringImpl* value) { printInternal(out, static_cast<const StringImpl*>(value)); }
inline void printInternal(PrintStream& out, AtomStringImpl* value) { printInternal(out, static_cast<const AtomStringImpl*>(value)); }
inline void printInternal(PrintStream& out, UniquedStringImpl* value) { printInternal(out, static_cast<const UniquedStringImpl*>(value)); }
inline void printInternal(PrintStream& out, UniquedStringImpl& value) { printInternal(out, &value); }
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, bool);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, signed char); // NOTE: this prints as a number, not as a character; use CharacterDump if you want the character
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, unsigned char); // NOTE: see above.
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, char16_t);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, char32_t);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, short);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, unsigned short);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, int);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, unsigned);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, long);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, unsigned long);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, long long);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, unsigned long long);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, float);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, double);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, RawHex);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, RawPointer);
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void printInternal(PrintStream&, FixedWidthDouble);

template<typename... Values>
class ConditionalDump {
public:
    explicit ConditionalDump(bool shouldPrint, const Values&... values)
        : m_shouldPrint(shouldPrint)
        , m_values(values...)
    { }

    void dump(PrintStream& out) const
    {
        if (!m_shouldPrint)
            return;
        std::apply([&] (const auto&... values) {
            out.print(values...);
        }, m_values);
    }

private:
    bool m_shouldPrint;
    std::tuple<const Values&...> m_values;
};

template<typename Enum>
requires (std::is_enum_v<std::decay_t<Enum>>)
void printInternal(PrintStream& out, Enum e)
{
    out.print(StringView(enumName(e)));
}

template<typename Enum>
class ScopedEnumDump {
public:
    ScopedEnumDump(Enum e)
        : m_e(e)
    { }

    void dump(PrintStream& out) const
    {
        out.print(StringView(enumTypeName<Enum>()), "::", m_e);
    }
private:
    Enum m_e;
};

// This is meant for use where you want a default value if
// the value is not in the enum e.g. garbage or corrupted.
template<typename Enum>
class EnumDumpWithDefault {
public:
    EnumDumpWithDefault(Enum e, const char* defaultString)
        : m_e(e)
        , m_default(defaultString)
    { }

    void dump(PrintStream& out) const
    {
        if (auto str = enumName(m_e); !str.empty())
            out.print(StringView(str));
        else
            out.print(m_default);
    }
private:
    Enum m_e;
    const char* m_default;
};

template<typename T>
concept Dumpable = requires(PrintStream& out, const T& value) {
    { value.dump(out) };
};

void printInternal(PrintStream& out, const Dumpable auto& value)
{
    value.dump(out);
}

#define MAKE_PRINT_ADAPTOR(Name, Type, function) \
    class Name {                                 \
    public:                                      \
        Name(Type value)                         \
            : m_value(value)                     \
        {                                        \
        }                                        \
        void dump(PrintStream& out) const        \
        {                                        \
            function(out, m_value);              \
        }                                        \
    private:                                     \
        Type m_value;                            \
    }

#define MAKE_PRINT_METHOD_ADAPTOR(Name, Type, method) \
    class Name {                                 \
    public:                                      \
        Name(const Type& value)                  \
            : m_value(value)                     \
        {                                        \
        }                                        \
        void dump(PrintStream& out) const        \
        {                                        \
            m_value.method(out);                 \
        }                                        \
    private:                                     \
        const Type& m_value;                     \
    }

#define MAKE_PRINT_METHOD(Type, dumpMethod, method) \
    MAKE_PRINT_METHOD_ADAPTOR(DumperFor_##method, Type, dumpMethod);    \
    DumperFor_##method method() const { return DumperFor_##method(*this); }

// Use an adaptor-based dumper for characters to avoid situations where
// you've "compressed" an integer to a character and it ends up printing
// as ASCII when you wanted it to print as a number.
WTF_EXPORT_PRIVATE void dumpCharacter(PrintStream&, char);
MAKE_PRINT_ADAPTOR(CharacterDump, char, dumpCharacter);

template<typename T>
class PointerDump {
public:
    PointerDump(const T* ptr)
        : m_ptr(ptr)
    {
    }
    
    void dump(PrintStream& out) const
    {
        if (m_ptr)
            printInternal(out, *m_ptr);
        else
            out.print("(null)");
    }
private:
    const T* m_ptr;
};

template<typename T>
PointerDump<T> pointerDump(const T* ptr) { return PointerDump<T>(ptr); }

template<typename T>
void printInternal(PrintStream& out, const std::unique_ptr<T>& value)
{
    out.print(pointerDump(value.get()));
}

template<typename T>
void printInternal(PrintStream& out, const RefPtr<T>& value)
{
    out.print(pointerDump(value.get()));
}

template<typename T>
void printInternal(PrintStream& out, const Ref<T>& value)
{
    printInternal(out, value.get());
}

template<typename T, typename U>
class ValueInContext {
public:
    ValueInContext(const T& value, U* context)
        : m_value(&value)
        , m_context(context)
    {
    }
    
    void dump(PrintStream& out) const
    {
        m_value->dumpInContext(out, m_context);
    }

private:
    const T* m_value;
    U* m_context;
};

template<typename T, typename U>
ValueInContext<T, U> inContext(const T& value, U* context)
{
    return ValueInContext<T, U>(value, context);
}

template<typename T, typename U>
class PointerDumpInContext {
public:
    PointerDumpInContext(const T* ptr, U* context)
        : m_ptr(ptr)
        , m_context(context)
    {
    }
    
    void dump(PrintStream& out) const
    {
        if (m_ptr)
            m_ptr->dumpInContext(out, m_context);
        else
            out.print("(null)");
    }

private:
    const T* m_ptr;
    U* m_context;
};

template<typename T, typename U>
PointerDumpInContext<T, U> pointerDumpInContext(const T* ptr, U* context)
{
    return PointerDumpInContext<T, U>(ptr, context);
}

template<typename T, typename U>
class ValueIgnoringContext {
public:
    ValueIgnoringContext(const U& value)
        : m_value(&value)
    {
    }
    
    void dump(PrintStream& out) const
    {
        T context;
        m_value->dumpInContext(out, &context);
    }

private:
    const U* m_value;
};

template<typename T, typename U>
ValueIgnoringContext<T, U> ignoringContext(const U& value)
{
    return ValueIgnoringContext<T, U>(value);
}

template<unsigned index, typename... Types>
struct FormatImplUnpacker {
    template<typename... Args>
    static void unpack(PrintStream& out, const std::tuple<Types...>& tuple, const Args&... values);
};
    
template<typename... Types>
struct FormatImplUnpacker<0, Types...> {
    template<typename... Args>
    static void unpack(PrintStream& out, const std::tuple<Types...>& tuple, const Args&... values)
    {
        out.printfVariableFormat(std::get<0>(tuple), values...);
    }
};
    
template<unsigned index, typename... Types>
template<typename... Args>
void FormatImplUnpacker<index, Types...>::unpack(PrintStream& out, const std::tuple<Types...>& tuple, const Args&... values)
{
    FormatImplUnpacker<index - 1, Types...>::unpack(out, tuple, std::get<index>(tuple), values...);
}

template<typename... Types>
class FormatImpl {
public:
    FormatImpl(Types... values)
        : m_values(values...)
    {
    }
    
    void dump(PrintStream& out) const
    {
        FormatImplUnpacker<sizeof...(Types) - 1, Types...>::unpack(out, m_values);
    }

private:
    std::tuple<Types...> m_values;
};

template<typename... Types>
FormatImpl<Types...> format(Types... values)
{
    return FormatImpl<Types...>(values...);
}

template<typename T>
void printInternal(PrintStream& out, const std::optional<T>& value)
{
    if (value)
        out.print(*value);
    else
        out.print("<nullopt>");
}

} // namespace WTF

using WTF::boolForPrinting;
using WTF::ConditionalDump;
using WTF::ScopedEnumDump;
using WTF::EnumDumpWithDefault;
using WTF::CharacterDump;
using WTF::PointerDump;
using WTF::PrintStream;
using WTF::format;
using WTF::ignoringContext;
using WTF::inContext;
using WTF::pointerDump;
using WTF::pointerDumpInContext;