1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
|
.$$$ $. .$$$ $.
$$$$ $$. .$$$ $$$ .$$$$$$. .$$$$$$$$$$. $$$$ $$. .$$$$$$$. .$$$$$$.
$ $$ $$$ $ $$ $$$ $ $$$$$$. $$$$$ $$$$$$ $ $$ $$$ $ $$ $$ $ $$$$$$.
$ `$ $$$ $ `$ $$$ $ `$ $$$ $$' $ `$ `$$ $ `$ $$$ $ `$ $ `$ $$$'
$. $ $$$ $. $$$$$$ $. $$$$$$ `$ $. $ :' $. $ $$$ $. $$$$ $. $$$$$.
$::$ . $$$ $::$ $$$ $::$ $$$ $::$ $::$ . $$$ $::$ $::$ $$$$
$;;$ $$$ $$$ $;;$ $$$ $;;$ $$$ $;;$ $;;$ $$$ $$$ $;;$ $;;$ $$$$
$$$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$ $$$ $$$$ $$$ $$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$'
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Readme for WhatWeb - Next generation web scanner.
By urbanadventurer aka Andrew Horton
Version: 0.4.8. Unreleased
License: GPLv2
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This product is subject to the terms detailed in the license agreement. For more information about WhatWeb visit:
Homepage: http://www.morningstarsecurity.com/research/whatweb
Wiki: https://github.com/urbanadventurer/WhatWeb/wiki/
If you have any questions, comments or concerns regarding WhatWeb, please consult the documentation prior to contacting one of the developers. Your feedback is always welcome.
Contents
========================================================================
1. About WhatWeb
2. Example Usage
3. Usage
4. Logging & Output
5. Plugins
6. Aggression
7. Performance & Stability
8. Optional Dependencies
9. Release History
10. Credits
11. Updates & Additional Information
========================================================================
1. About WhatWeb
================================================================================
WhatWeb identifies websites. Its goal is to answer the question, "What is that Website?". WhatWeb recognises web technologies including content management systems (CMS), blogging platforms, statistic/analytics packages, JavaScript libraries, web servers, and embedded devices. WhatWeb has over 1500 plugins, each to recognise something different. WhatWeb also identifies version numbers, email addresses, account IDs, web framework modules, SQL errors, and more.
WhatWeb can be stealthy and fast, or thorough but slow. WhatWeb supports an aggression level to control the trade off between speed and reliability. When you visit a website in your browser, the transaction includes many hints of what web technologies are powering that website. Sometimes a single webpage visit contains enough information to identify a website but when it does not, WhatWeb can interrogate the website further. The default level of aggression, called 'stealthy', is the fastest and requires only one HTTP request of a website. This is suitable for scanning public websites. More aggressive modes were developed for in penetration tests.
Most WhatWeb plugins are thorough and recognise a range of cues from subtle to obvious. For example, most WordPress websites can be identified by the meta HTML tag, e.g. '<meta name="generator" content="WordPress 2.6.5">', but a minority of WordPress websites remove this identifying tag but this does not thwart WhatWeb. The WordPress WhatWeb plugin has over 15 tests, which include checking the favicon, default installation files, login pages, and checking for "/wp-content/" within relative links.
Features:
* Over 1500 plugins
* Control the trade off between speed/stealth and reliability
* Plugins include example URLs
* Performance tuning. Control how many websites to scan concurrently.
* Multiple log formats: Brief (greppable), Verbose (human readable), XML, JSON, MagicTree, RubyObject, MongoDB.
* Proxy support including TOR
* Custom HTTP headers
* Basic HTTP authentication
* Control over webpage redirection
* Nmap-style IP ranges
* Fuzzy matching
* Result certainty awareness
* Custom plugins defined on the command line
2. Example Usage
================================================================================
Using WhatWeb on a couple of websites (standard WhatWeb output is in colour):
$ ./whatweb slashdot.org reddit.com
http://reddit.com [302] HTTPServer[AkamaiGHost], RedirectLocation[http://www.reddit.com/], Via-Proxy[1.1 bc1], IP[173.223.232.64], Akamai-Global-Host, Country[UNITED STATES][US]
http://slashdot.org [200] Script, HTTPServer[Unix][Apache/1.3.42 (Unix) mod_perl/1.31], Google-Analytics[GA][32013], Via-Proxy[1.1 bc5], UncommonHeaders[x-fry,x-varnish,x-xrds-location,slash_log_data], Apache[1.3.42][mod_perl/1.31], HTML5, IP[216.34.181.45], OpenGraphProtocol[100000696822412], X-Powered-By[Slash 2.005001], Title[Slashdot: News for nerds, stuff that matters], Email[canadaboy@nOspam.gmail.com,jbort@nww.com], Country[UNITED STATES][US]
http://www.reddit.com/ [200] Frame, PasswordField[passwd,passwd2], Script, HTTPServer['; DROP TABLE servertypes; --], IP[203.97.86.202], JQuery, Cookies[reddit_first], Title[reddit: the voice of the internet -- news before it happens], Country[NEW ZEALAND][NZ]
3. Usage
================================================================================
.$$$ $. .$$$ $.
$$$$ $$. .$$$ $$$ .$$$$$$. .$$$$$$$$$$. $$$$ $$. .$$$$$$$. .$$$$$$.
$ $$ $$$ $ $$ $$$ $ $$$$$$. $$$$$ $$$$$$ $ $$ $$$ $ $$ $$ $ $$$$$$.
$ `$ $$$ $ `$ $$$ $ `$ $$$ $$' $ `$ `$$ $ `$ $$$ $ `$ $ `$ $$$'
$. $ $$$ $. $$$$$$ $. $$$$$$ `$ $. $ :' $. $ $$$ $. $$$$ $. $$$$$.
$::$ . $$$ $::$ $$$ $::$ $$$ $::$ $::$ . $$$ $::$ $::$ $$$$
$;;$ $$$ $$$ $;;$ $$$ $;;$ $$$ $;;$ $;;$ $$$ $$$ $;;$ $;;$ $$$$
$$$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$ $$$ $$$$ $$$ $$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$'
WhatWeb - Next generation web scanner.
Version 0.4.8-dev by Andrew Horton aka urbanadventurer
Homepage: http://www.morningstarsecurity.com/research/whatweb
Usage: whatweb [options] <URLs>
TARGET SELECTION:
<URLs> Enter URLs, filenames or nmap-format IP ranges.
Use /dev/stdin to pipe HTML directly
--input-file=FILE, -i Identify URLs found in FILE, eg. -i /dev/stdin
TARGET MODIFICATION:
--url-prefix Add a prefix to target URLs
--url-suffix Add a suffix to target URLs
--url-pattern Insert the targets into a URL. Requires --input-file,
eg. www.example.com/%insert%/robots.txt
AGGRESSION:
The aggression level controls the trade-off between speed/stealth and
reliability.
--aggression, -a=LEVEL Set the aggression level. Default: 1
Aggression levels are:
1. Stealthy Makes one HTTP request per target. Also follows redirects.
2. Unused
3. Aggressive Can make a handful of HTTP requests per target. This triggers
aggressive plugins for targets only when those plugins are
identified with a level 1 request first.
4. Heavy Makes a lot of HTTP requests per target. Aggressive tests from
all plugins are used for all URLs.
HTTP OPTIONS:
--user-agent, -U=AGENT Identify as AGENT instead of WhatWeb/0.4.8-dev.
--header, -H Add an HTTP header. eg "Foo:Bar". Specifying a default
header will replace it. Specifying an empty value, eg.
"User-Agent:" will remove the header.
--follow-redirect=WHEN Control when to follow redirects. WHEN may be `never',
`http-only', `meta-only', `same-site', `same-domain'
or `always'. Default: always
--max-redirects=NUM Maximum number of contiguous redirects. Default: 10
AUTHENTICATION:
--user, -u=<user:password> HTTP basic authentication
Add session cookies with --header, e.g. --header "Cookie: SESSID=1a2b3c;"
PROXY:
--proxy <hostname[:port]> Set proxy hostname and port
Default: 8080
--proxy-user <username:password> Set proxy user and password
PLUGINS:
--list-plugins, -l List all plugins
--plugins, -p=LIST Select plugins. LIST is a comma delimited set of
selected plugins. Default is all.
Each element can be a directory, file or plugin name and
can optionally have a modifier, eg. + or -
Examples: +/tmp/moo.rb,+/tmp/foo.rb
title,md5,+./plugins-disabled/
./plugins-disabled,-md5
-p + is a shortcut for -p +plugins-disabled
--info-plugins, -I=PLUGINS Display detailed information for plugins.
Optionally search with keywords in a comma delimited
list.
--grep, -g=STRING Search for STRING in HTTP responses. Reports with a
plugin named Grep
--custom-plugin=DEFINITION Define a custom plugin named Custom-Plugin,
Examples: ":text=>'powered by abc'"
":version=>/powered[ ]?by ab[0-9]/"
":ghdb=>'intitle:abc \"powered by abc\"'"
":md5=>'8666257030b94d3bdb46e05945f60b42'"
"{:text=>'powered by abc'},{:regexp=>/abc [ ]?1/i}"
--dorks=PLUGIN List google dorks for the selected plugin
--example-urls, -e=PLUGIN Update the target list with example URLs from
the selected plugins.
OUTPUT:
--verbose, -v Verbose output includes plugin descriptions. Use twice
for debugging.
--colour,--color=WHEN control whether colour is used. WHEN may be `never',
`always', or `auto'
--quiet, -q Do not display brief logging to STDOUT
--no-errors Suppress error messages
LOGGING:
--log-brief=FILE Log brief, one-line output
--log-verbose=FILE Log verbose output
--log-xml=FILE Log XML format
--log-json=FILE Log JSON format
--log-json-verbose=FILE Log JSON Verbose format
--log-magictree=FILE Log MagicTree XML format
--log-object=FILE Log Ruby object inspection format
--log-mongo-database Name of the MongoDB database
--log-mongo-collection Name of the MongoDB collection. Default: whatweb
--log-mongo-host MongoDB hostname or IP address. Default: 0.0.0.0
--log-mongo-username MongoDB username. Default: nil
--log-mongo-password MongoDB password. Default: nil
--log-errors=FILE Log errors
PERFORMANCE & STABILITY:
--max-threads, -t Number of simultaneous threads. Default: 25.
--open-timeout Time in seconds. Default: 15
--read-timeout Time in seconds. Default: 30
--wait=SECONDS Wait SECONDS between connections
This is useful when using a single thread.
HELP & MISCELLANEOUS:
--help, -h This help
--debug Raise errors in plugins
--version Display version information. (WhatWeb 0.4.8-dev)
EXAMPLE USAGE:
* Scan example.com
whatweb example.com
* Scan reddit.com slashdot.org with verbose plugin descriptions
whatweb -v reddit.com slashdot.org
* An aggressive scan of mashable.com detects the exact version of Wordpress
whatweb -a 3 mashable.com
* Scan the local network quickly with 255 threads and suppress errors
whatweb --no-errors -t 255 192.168.0.0/24
4. Logging & Output
================================================================================
The following types of logging are supported:
--log-brief=FILE Brief, one-line, greppable format
--log-verbose=FILE Verbose
--log-xml=FILE XML format. XSL stylesheet is provided
--log-json=FILE JSON format
--log-json-verbose=FILE JSON verbose format
--log-magictree=FILE MagicTree XML format
--log-object=FILE Ruby object inspection format
--log-mongo-database Name of the MongoDB database
--log-mongo-collection Name of the MongoDB collection. Default: whatweb
--log-mongo-host MongoDB hostname or IP address. Default: 0.0.0.0
--log-mongo-username MongoDB username. Default: nil
--log-mongo-password MongoDB password. Default: nil
--log-errors=FILE Log errors. This is usually printed to the screen in red.
You can output to multiple logs simultaneously by specifying multiple command line logging options. Advanced users who want SQL output should read the source code to see unsupported features.
5. Plugins
================================================================================
Matches are made with:
* Text strings (case sensitive)
* Regular expressions
* Google Hack Database queries (limited set of keywords)
* MD5 hashes
* URL recognition
* HTML tag patterns
* Custom ruby code for passive and aggressive operations
To list the plugins supported:
$ ./whatweb -l
WhatWeb Plugin List
Plugin Name Description
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1024-CMS 1024 is one of a few CMS's leading the way with the i
360-Web-Manager 360-Web-Manager - homepage: http://www.360webmanager.
3COM-NBX 3COM NBX phone system. The NBX NetSet utility is a we
... (truncated - there are a lot)
To view more detail about a plugin or search plugins for a keyword:
$ ./whatweb -I phpBB
WhatWeb Plugin Information
Searching for phpBB
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Plugin Name Details
phpBB
Author: Andrew Horton
Version: 0.3
Examples: 19
Matches: 7
Dorks: 1
Passive function: Yes
Aggressive function: Yes
Version detection: Yes
Description:
phpBB is a free forum - Homepage: http://phpbb.org/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 plugins found
All plugins are loaded by default.
Plugins can be selected by directories, files or plugin names as a comma delimited list with the -p or --plugin command line option.
Each list item may have a modifier: + adds to the full set, - removes from the full set and no modifier overrides the defaults.
Examples :
--plugins +plugins-disabled,-foobar
--plugins +/tmp/moo.rb
--plugins foobar (only select foobar)
-p title,md5,+./plugins-disabled/
-p ./plugins-disabled,-md5
The --dorks <plugin name> command line option returns google dorks for the selected plugin.
For example, --dorks wordpress returns "is proudly powered by WordPress"
The --grep, -g command line option searches the target page for the selected string and returns a match in a plugin called Grep if it is found.
6. Aggression
================================================================================
WhatWeb features several levels of aggression. By default the aggression level is set to 1 (stealthy) which sends a single HTTP GET request and also follows redirects.
--aggression, -a
1. Stealthy Makes one HTTP request per target. Also follows redirects.
2. Unused
3. Aggressive Can make a handful of HTTP requests per target. This triggers
aggressive plugins for targets only when those plugins are
identified with a level 1 request first.
4. Heavy Makes a lot of HTTP requests per target. Aggressive tests from
all plugins are used for all URLs.
Level 3 aggressive plugins will guess more URLs and perform actions that are potentially unsuitable without permission. WhatWeb currently does not support any intrusion/exploit level tests in plugins.
An example of the different results between level 1 and level 3:
-----------------------------------------------------------------
A level 1, stealthy scan identifes that smartor.is-root.com/forum/ uses phpBB version 2:
$ ./whatweb smartor.is-root.com/forum/
http://smartor.is-root.com/forum/ [200] PasswordField[password], HTTPServer[Apache/2.2.15], PoweredBy[phpBB], Apache[2.2.15], IP[88.198.177.36], phpBB[2], PHP[5.2.13], X-Powered-By[PHP/5.2.13], Cookies[phpbb2mysql_data,phpbb2mysql_sid], Title[Smartors Mods Forums - Reloaded], Country[GERMANY][DE]
A level 3, aggressive scan triggers additional tests in the phpBB plugin which identifies that the website uses phpBB version 2.0.20 or higher:
$ ./whatweb -p plugins/phpbb.rb -a 3 smartor.is-root.com/forum/
http://smartor.is-root.com/forum/ [200] phpBB[2,>2.0.20]
Note the use of the -p argument to select only the phpBB plugin. It is advisable, but not mandatory, to select a specific plugin when attempting to fingerprint software versions in aggressive mode. This approach is far more stealthy as it will limit the number of requests.
WhatWeb has no caching so if you use aggressive plugins on redirecting URLs you may fetch the same files multiple times.
7. Performance & Stability
================================================================================
WhatWeb features several options to increase performance and stability.
--max-threads, -t Number of simultaneous threads. Default: 25.
--open-timeout Time in seconds. Default: 15
--read-timeout Time in seconds. Default: 30
--wait=SECONDS Wait SECONDS between connections
This is useful when using a single thread.
The --wait and --max-threads commands can be used to assist in IDS evasion.
Changing the user-agent using the -U or --user-agent command line option will avoid the Snort IDS rule for WhatWeb.
If you are scanning ranges of IP addresses, it is much more efficient to use a port scanner like nmap to discover which have port 80 open before scanning with WhatWeb.
Character set detection, with the Charset plugin dramatically decreases performance by requiring more CPU. This is required by JSON and MongoDB logging.
8. Optional Dependencies
================================================================================
To enable JSON logging install the json gem.
gem install json
To enable MongoDB logging install the mongo gem.
gem install mongo
To enable character set detection and MongoDB logging install the rchardet gem.
gem install rchardet
9. Release History
================================================================================
Version 0.3 Released at Kiwicon III (kiwicon.org), November 2nd, 2009
Version 0.4 Released March 14th, 2010
Version 0.4.1 Released April 28th, 2010
Version 0.4.2 Released April 30th, 2010
Version 0.4.3 Released May 24th, 2010
Version 0.4.4 Released June 29th, 2010
Version 0.4.5 Released August 17th, 2010
Version 0.4.6 Released March 25th, 2011
Version 0.4.7 Released April 5th, 2011
Version 0.4.8-dev Unreleased
10. Credits
================================================================================
Written by urbanadventurer aka Andrew Horton from Security-Assessment.com
Homepage: http://www.morningstarsecurity.com/research/whatweb
License: GPLv2
DEVELOPERS
Andrew Horton
Brendan Coles
CONTRIBUTORS
Thank you to the following people who have contributed to WhatWeb
Emilio Casbas
Louis Nyffenegger
Patrik Wallström
Caleb Anderson
Tonmoy Saikia
Aung Khant
Erik Inge Bolsø
nk@dsigned.gr
Steve 'Ashcrow' Milner
Michal Ambroz for writing the Makefile and Man pages
Gremwell for improving the MagicTree logging
11. Updates & Additional Information
================================================================================
The WhatWeb development build features regular updates.
* WhatWeb-dev: https://github.com/urbanadventurer/WhatWeb/
* WhatWeb-dev-unstable: https://github.com/bcoles/WhatWeb/
Browse the wiki for more documentation and advanced usage techniques.
* Wiki: https://github.com/urbanadventurer/WhatWeb/wiki/
|
