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<chapter id="getting-wine">
<title>Getting Wine</title>
<sect1>
<title>The Many Forms of Wine</title>
<para>
The standard Wine distribution includes quite a few different
executables, libraries, and configuration files. All of these
must be set up properly for Wine to work well. This chapter
will guide you through the necessary steps to get Wine
installed on your system.
</para>
<para>
If you are running a distribution of Linux that uses packages
to keep track of installed software, you may be in luck: A
prepackaged version of Wine may already exist for your system.
The first three sections will tell you how to find the latest
Wine packages and get them installed. You should be careful,
though, about mixing packages between different distributions,
and even from different versions of the same distribution.
Often a package will only work on the distribution it's
compiled for. We'll cover <link
linkend="getting-dist-debian">Debian</link>, <link
linkend="getting-dist-redhat">Redhat</link>, and <link
linkend="getting-dist-other">other</link> distributions.
</para>
<para>
If you're not lucky enough to have an available package for
your operating system, or if you'd prefer a newer version of
Wine than already exists as a package, you may have to
download the Wine source code and compile it yourself on your
own machine. Don't worry, it's not too hard to do this,
especially with the many helpful tools that come with Wine.
You don't need any programming experience to compile and
install Wine, although it might be nice to have some minor
UNIX administrative skill. We'll cover how to retrieve and
compile the official source releases from the <link
linkend="getting-source-ftp">FTP archives</link>, and also how
to get the cutting edge up-to-the-minute fresh Wine source
code from <link linkend="getting-source-cvs">CVS (Concurrent
Versions System)</link>. Both processes of source code
installation are similar, and once you master one, you should
have no trouble dealing with the other one.
</para>
<para>
Finally, you may someday need to know how to apply a source
code patch to your version of Wine. Perhaps you've uncovered
a bug in Wine, reported it to the <ulink
url="mailto:wine-devel@winehq.com">Wine mailing list</ulink>,
and received a patch from a developer to hopefully fix the
bug. The last section in this chapter will show you how to
<link linkend="getting-upgrading">safely apply the
patch</link> and revert it if the patch doesn't work.
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="getting-dist-debian">
<title>Getting Wine for a Debian System</title>
<para>
In most cases on a Debian system, you can install Wine with a
single command, as root:
</para>
<screen>
# apt-get install wine
</screen>
<para>
<command>apt-get</command> will connect to a Debian archive
across the Internet (thus, you must be online), then download
the Wine package and install it on your system. End of story.
</para>
<para>
Of course, Debian's pre-packaged version of Wine may not be the
most recent release. If you are running the stable version of
Debian, you may be able to get a slightly newer version of Wine
by grabbing the package from the unstable distribution, although
this may be a little risky, depending on how far the unstable
distribution has diverged from the stable one. You can find a
list of Wine binary packages for the various Debian releases
using the package search engine at <ulink url="http://www.debian.org">
www.debian.org</ulink>.
</para>
<para>
To install a package that's not part of your distribution, you
must use <command>dpkg</command> instead of
<command>apt-get</command>. Since <command>dpkg</command>
doesn't download the file for you, you must do it yourself.
Follow the link on the package search engine to the desired
package, then click on the <guibutton>Go To Download
Page</guibutton> button and follow the instructions. Save the
file to your hard drive, then run <command>dpkg</command> on it.
For example, if you saved the file to your home directory, you
might perform the following actions to install it:
</para>
<screen>
$ su -
<emphasis><Type in root password></emphasis>
# cd /home/user
# dpkg -i wine_0.0.20000109-3.deb
</screen>
<para>
You may also want to install the
<systemitem>wine-doc</systemitem> package, and if you are
using Wine from the 2.3 distribution (Woody), the
<systemitem>wine-utils</systemitem> package as well.
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="getting-dist-redhat">
<title>Getting Wine for a Redhat System</title>
<para>
Redhat/RPM users can use <ulink url="http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/">
rpmfind.net</ulink> to track down available Wine RPM binaries.
<ulink url="http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/WByName.html"> This
page</ulink> contains a list of all rpmfind packages that start with
the letter "W", including a few Wine packages
</para>
<!-- *** Should really flesh this out more! Any Redhat-running
*** volunteers?
-->
</sect1>
<sect1 id="getting-dist-other">
<title>Getting Wine for Other Distributions</title>
<para>
The first place you should look if your system isn't Debian or
Redhat is the <ulink
url="http://www.winehq.com/download.html">WineHQ Download
Page</ulink>. This page lists many assorted archives of
binary (precompiled) Wine files.
</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://ftpsearch.lycos.com/?form=medium">
Lycos FTPSearch</ulink> is another useful resource for
tracking down miscellaneous distribution packages.
</para>
<!-- *** Add other distributions, e.g., Mandrake, SUSE, Slackware *** -->
</sect1>
<sect1 id="getting-source-ftp">
<title>Getting Wine Source Code from the FTP Archive</title>
<para>
If the version of Wine you want does not exist in package form,
you can download the source code yourself and compile it on your
machine. Although this might seem a little intimidating at
first if you've never done it, you'll find that it'll often go
quite smoothly, especially on the newer Linux distributions.
</para>
<para>
The safest way to grab the source is from one of the official
FTP archives. An up to date listing is in the <ulink
url="http://www.winehq.com/source/ANNOUNCE">ANNOUNCE </ulink>
file in the Wine distribution (which you would have if you
already downloaded it). Here is a (possibly out of date) list
of FTP servers carrying Wine:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
<ulink url="ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/ALPHA/wine/development/">
ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/ALPHA/wine/development/
</ulink>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<ulink url="ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/ALPHA/Wine/development/">
ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/ALPHA/Wine/development/
</ulink>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<ulink url="ftp://ftp.infomagic.com/pub/mirrors/linux/sunsite/ALPHA/wine/development/">
ftp://ftp.infomagic.com/pub/mirrors/linux/sunsite/ALPHA/wine/development/
</ulink>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<ulink url="ftp://orcus.progsoc.uts.edu.au/pub/Wine/development/">
ftp://orcus.progsoc.uts.edu.au/pub/Wine/development/
</ulink>
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>
The official releases are tagged by date with the format
"Wine-YYYYMMDD.tar.gz". Your best bet is to grab the latest
one.
</para>
<para>
FIXME: Explain how to un-tar, compile, and install Wine from a tarball.
</para>
<para></para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="getting-source-cvs">
<title>Getting Wine Source Code from CVS</title>
<para>
The official web page for Wine CVS is
<ulink url="http://www.winehq.com/dev.html">
http://www.winehq.com/dev.html</ulink>.
</para>
<para>
First, you need to get a copy of the latest Wine sources
using CVS. You can tell it where to find the source tree by
setting the <envar>CVSROOT</envar> environment variable. You
also have to log in anonymously to the wine CVS server. In
<command>bash</command>, it might look something like this:
</para>
<screen>
$ export CVSROOT=:pserver:cvs@cvs.winehq.com:/home/wine
$ cvs login
Password: cvs
$ cvs checkout wine
</screen>
<para>
That'll pull down the entire Wine source tree from
winehq.com and place it in the current directory (actually
in the 'wine' subdirectory). CVS has a million command line
parameters, so there are many ways to pull down files, from
anywhere in the revision history. Later, you can grab just
the updates:
</para>
<screen>
$ cvs -dP update
</screen>
<para>
<command>cvs update</command> works from inside the source tree.
You don't need the <envar>CVSROOT</envar> environment variable
to run it either. You just have to be inside the source tree.
The <parameter>-d</parameter> and <parameter>-P</parameter>
options make sure your local Wine tree directory structure stays
in sync with the remote repository.
</para>
<para>
After you've made changes, you can create a patch with
<command>cvs diff -u</command>, which sends output to stdout
(the <parameter>-u</parameter> controls the format of the
patch). So, to create an <filename>my_patch.diff</filename>
file, you would do this:
</para>
<screen>
$ cvs diff -u > my_patch.diff
</screen>
<para>
You can call <command>cvs diff</command> from anywhere in the
tree (just like <command>cvs update</command>), and it will
always grab recursively from that point. You can also specify
single files or subdirectories:
</para>
<screen>
$ cvs diff -u dlls/winaspi > my_aspi_patch.diff
</screen>
<para>
Experiment around a little. It's fairly intuitive.
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="getting-upgrading">
<title>Upgrading Wine with a Patch</title>
<para>
If you have the Wine source code, as opposed to a binary
distribution, you have the option of applying patches to the
source tree to fix bugs and add experimental features.
Perhaps you've found a bug, reported it to the <ulink
url="mailto:wine-devel@winehq.com">Wine mailing list</ulink>,
and received a patch file to fix the bug. You can apply the
patch with the <command>patch</command> command, which takes a
streamed patch from <filename>stdin</filename>:
</para>
<screen>
$ cd wine
$ patch -p0 < ../patch_to_apply.diff
</screen>
<para>
To remove the patch, use the <parameter>-R</parameter> option:
</para>
<screen>
$ patch -p0 -R < ../patch_to_apply.diff
</screen>
<para>
If you want to do a test run to see if the patch will apply
successfully (e.g., if the patch was created from an older or
newer version of the tree), you can use the
<parameter>--dry-run</parameter> parameter to run the patch
without writing to any files:
</para>
<screen>
$ patch -p0 --dry-run < ../patch_to_apply.diff
</screen>
<para>
<command>patch</command> is pretty smart about extracting
patches from the middle of a file, so if you save an email with
an inlined patch to a file on your hard drive, you can invoke
patch on it without stripping out the email headers and other
text. <command>patch</command> ignores everything that doesn't
look like a patch.
</para>
<para>
FIXME: Go into more depth about the -p0 option...
</para>
</sect1>
</chapter>
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