\documentclass[a4paper,10pt]{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}

\title{Xlog manual}
\author{Joop Stakenborg, PG4I}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
This manual described the use of xlog, an open source logbook for amateur
radio operators. It is available as html from the menu
(Help $\rightarrow$ Manual or Ctrl + h) or as pdf in the xlog
data directory.
\end{abstract}

\section{Description}
xlog is a logbook program for amateur radio operators, written with the
help of the GTK+ libraries. The main xlog window consists
of a button bar, QSO frame, and a browseable log. Logs will be saved to a flat
text file. You can create, open and close logs as you need them. There
is an optional scoring window available which keeps track of the most important
awards. A ``worked before'' window shows QSO's with the same station you
are logging. An optional keyer window interfaces to cwdaemon and is useful for
contesting.

\subsection{Options and arguments}
\begin{center}
\textbf{xlog} [option] \textless log1.xlog \textgreater \textless log2.xlog \textgreater
\end{center}

You can either open logs from the command line or,
if there are no logs entered, logs as set in the preferences dialog will be
opened.

\medskip 

List of options:
\begin{description}
 \item[-h]Show summary of options and exit
 \item[-v]Output version information and exit
\end{description}

\subsection{First Use}

\begin{figure}[h]
 \centering
 \includegraphics{../images/xlog-newlogdialog.png}
 \caption{New log dialog}
\end{figure}

When xlog is first started, an empty window is shown. You must select
"Log $\rightarrow$ New" from the menu (Ctrl+N) to create a new log.
QSO's are entered into the QSO frame on the left of the main window. Clicking
the Date button will update the date field, the UTC button will update the UTC
field.

\begin{figure}[h]
 \centering
 \includegraphics{../images/xlog-mainwindow.png}
 \caption{The main xlog window}
\end{figure}

After all the fields are entered, click on \textbf{Add} in the button bar, to add the
QSO to the log list on the right side of the main window. QSO's can be deleted
from the log by selecting a row in the log list and clicking on \textbf{Delete}.
Likewise, a log entry can be changed by selecting a row in the log, changing
the QSO in the QSO frame, and clicking on \textbf{Update}. Finally, selecting
"Edit $\rightarrow$ Clear All" from the menu will Clear all the fields in
the QSO frame.

\subsection{Keys}
All of the above commands are available as shortcuts.
For a list of keys used by xlog (in the English language)
see the "Keys" window from the help menu (Ctrl+z).
Most of the buttons in the QSO frame can be clicked using the Alt
key together with the associated underlined character in the button.
If any of the labels are underlined the entry next to it will get focus when
the Alt key is used, when a default is present it will be filled in.
You can access the menu with Ctrl-F10. You need to make sure that your
window manager does not use Ctrl-F10, e.g. it is used by xfce to access
the 10th desktop.

\pagebreak 

\section{Preferences}
xlog stores and recalls several settings in xml format in the file
\$HOME / preferences.xml. To change these, select
"Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences"
from the menu. You will see 4 different pages.

\subsection{Info page}
In order to calculate the correct distance to your location, you have to enter
your longitude and latitude in the Info page. Here you can also choose
whether the distance should be displayed in Kilometers or
Nautical Miles.

\begin{figure}[h]
 \centering
 \includegraphics{../images/xlog-preferencesdialog-info.png}
 % xlog-preferencesdialog-info.png: 459x517 pixel, 72dpi, 16.19x18.24 cm, viewport=0 0 459 517
 \caption{Preferences dialog - Info page}
\end{figure}

When you intend to make VHF/UHF QSO's and you have a QRA locator field in the
log, you should also enter your QRA locator here.

\pagebreak 

\subsection{General page}
This page allows you to choose an editbox to enter band and mode
instead of using the default optionmenu. This is especially useful
when using hamlib, so the extra digits of your frequency can
be filled in. When "use free fields to add
distance and azimuth to the log" is checked, distance and azimuth will
be calculated from the locator field (when present) and added to the log.

\begin{figure}[h]
 \centering
 \includegraphics{../images/xlog-preferencesdialog-general.png}
 % xlog-preferencesdialog-general.png: 459x517 pixel, 72dpi, 16.19x18.24 cm, viewport=0 0 459 517
 \caption{Preferences dialog - General page}
\end{figure}

When 'Enable type and find' is checked, all the logs will be searched
for a callsign match and when found, fill in name, QTH, locator and remarks
like in the previous QSO.

\pagebreak 

\subsection{Logs page}
In the Logs page you can decide where to save your logs and which logs to load
at startup (in case there are no logs entered at the command line). Of course,
you have to restart xlog and be sure to move your logs there. You can use
wildcards or a list of logs separated by a comma. Extension .xlog will be
automatically added, e.g. when using wildcards, 'p*' will load all logs
starting with 'p' and ending with '.xlog'.

\begin{figure}[h]
 \centering
 \includegraphics{../images/xlog-preferencesdialog-logs.png}
 % xlog-preferencesdialog-logs.png: 459x517 pixel, 72dpi, 16.19x18.24 cm, viewport=0 0 459 517
 \caption{Preferences dialog - Logs page}
\end{figure}

You can also set the automatic saving method in this page. When selecting
autosave, the interval between saving of the logs needs to be selected.
Selecting a value of zero will disable autosave: you will need to use 'Ctrl+s'
every time a log is changed.

\pagebreak

\section{Hamlib}
Xlog is compiled with hamlib support, so you can read your rig's frequency,
mode, power and S-meter over the serial port.

\subsection{Hamlib preferences}
You must select the model of your rig and the port used
from the list available in the hamlib page of the preferences dialog.
If you want to use RPC rig, you should select localhost as a port. The same
page allows you to display a dockable frequency meter and s-meter
on the statusbar.

\begin{figure}[h]
 \centering
 \includegraphics{../images/xlog-preferencesdialog-hamlib.png}
 % xlog-preferencesdialog-hamlib.png: 459x517 pixel, 72dpi, 16.19x18.24 cm, viewport=0 0 200 230
 \caption{Preferences dialog - Hamlib support}
\end{figure}

When hamlib is enabled, 3 clickable buttons are added to the QSO frame, so you
can easily fill in frequency, mode and signal strength in the appropriate
fields. If your log records power (required in some countries), there is also a
clickable power button in the QSO frame. You can either chose to poll your
rig continuously with a certain time interval or just retrieve rig data
when using "Edit $\rightarrow$ Click All" or Ctrl-k. Your hamlib port can be configured
in the hamlib page of the preferences dialog. You can enter things like: 
rts\_state=ON,timeout=600,serial\_speed=19200 here.

\subsection{Testing hamlib}
At his point you should probably read your rig's manual, to see how you
should hook up your rig to the serial port. For my kenwood rig, I need
a standard serial cable with two 9-pin connectors. You also need write
permission to the serial port. On my system, this means I need to add
myself to the dialout group, with a command like:

\begin{quote}
\$ adduser 'username' dialout
\end{quote} 
 
Next, you can test hamlib with rigctl, a binary distributed with hamlib.
See which rigs are supported:

\begin{quote}
\$ rigctl --list
\end{quote} 

Then start rigctl with your model number, e.g. '210' for a kenwood TS-870S,
hooked up to COM2:

\begin{quote}
\$ rigctl -r /dev/ttyS1 -m 210
\end{quote} 

Now you can check out if mode, PTT, frequency, signal strength and power
(all used by xlog) are retrieved. At the 'Rig command:' prompt, type:

\begin{quote}
\begin{description}
\item[f]: retrieve frequency
\item[m]: retrieve mode
\item[t]: retrieve PTT (TX/RX mode)
\item[l] and 'STRENGTH': retrieve signal strength (-54=S0 and 0=S9)
\item[l] and 'RFPOWER': retrieve rig power (0.39 = 100 Watts)
\end{description}
\end{quote} 

The hamlib FAQ at \url{http://hamlib.sf.net/faq.html} gives some answers
to common problems. You could also ask around on the hamlib mailing list, see:
\url{http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/hamlib-developer}.

\pagebreak

\section{Printing}
You can either print a range or the whole log and you can choose which columns
are in the output. Printing can be done in 2 styles: landscape with 30 QSO's
per page and portrait with 50 QSO's per page. The loglines will be evenly
distributed across the paper. You need to make sure the log fits the
paperwidth by either selecting the correct font or style.

\begin{figure}[h]
 \centering
 \includegraphics{../images/xlog-printdialog.png}
 % xlog-printdialog.png: 375x451 pixel, 72dpi, 13.23x15.91 cm, viewport=0 0 375 451
 \caption{Print dialog}
\end{figure}

The generated postscript file is sent to the default printer.
If you are using gnome and cups, there is a little application
called gnome-cups-manager for configuring printers. I case you are
using lpd or lprng, you need to make sure there is an entry called
'lp' in /etc/printcap. In case printing fails, you can also
print to a file. The file generated is log.ps in \$HOME/.xlog.

\medskip 

For contest logs, you can enable 2 empty columns called 'Multiplier' and
'Points' for calculating your score. If you choose the portrait style it is
advisable to disable the 'QSL Out', 'QSL In' and 'Remarks' columns.
Otherwise your log will not fit on the paper.

\pagebreak

\section{QSL labels}
glabels is a gnome application for printing business cards and labels, see
\url{http://snaught.com/glabels}. It is designed to work with various laser/ink-jet
peel-off label and business card sheets that you'll find at most office supply
stores. The following works with a glabels version higher than 0.4.

\medskip 

You can use the 'Save As' dialog for exporting the log to a type called
'TSV'. This will save your log fields in a TAB separated file. The fields you
want to export can be set in the "Save As" page of the
``Settings $\rightarrow$ Dialogs and Windows``
dialog. The exported file can be imported into glabels using the template
called qsllabels.glabels in /usr/[local/]share/xlog.

\begin{itemize}
\item Start glabels
\item Open qsllabels.glabels
\item Select 'Merge properties' from the Tools menu
\item Point 'location' to the exported labels file
\item Don't change any of the Custom field keys, just click 'OK'
\item You are now ready to print
\end{itemize}

You should customize the label sheet by using "Edit $\rightarrow$ Select All" from the
menu, click on 'New', select the apropriate sheet from the pulldown menu,
use "Edit $\rightarrow$ Paste" to copy the fields into the new sheet and move them around
with your mouse until the fit on the label. Save this file to use as a
template for your QSL labels.

\pagebreak

\section{Log-editor}
The log-editor, when selected from the tools menu, can be used to display or
hide a number of columns in the log. 2 columns allow free entry, they can be
given any name. Changes to the log columns will be committed once you save the
log.

\begin{figure}[h]
 \centering
 \includegraphics{../images/xlog-logeditor.png}
 % xlog-logeditor.png: 614x418 pixel, 72dpi, 21.66x14.75 cm, viewport=0 0 300 200
 \caption{The log editor}
\end{figure}

Please note that it maybe desirable to select a common name for a free column
when using ADIF export as described in the ADIF specifications at
\url{http://www.hosenose.com/adif/adif.html}, section 3: Field Definitions.

\medskip 

The log-editor can also be used to set the columnwidth of the log. You should
enter a number higher than 20. Changes to the column width will apply to all
the logs that are currently open. Only the number column allows a zero width,
you can use it to hide this column.

\pagebreak

\section{Dupe checking}
A log can be checked for dupes from the tools menu. There are some restrictions
on the frequency field when used in dupe checking. It should either contain a
'dot' after the MHz number or contain 3, 6 or 9 numbers after the Mhz number.

\begin{figure}[h]
 \centering
 \includegraphics{../images/xlog-dupecheckdialog.png}
 % xlog-dupecheckdialog.png: 312x243 pixel, 72dpi, 11.01x8.57 cm, viewport=0 0 200 180
 \caption{Dupe check dialog}
\end{figure}

When using hamlib, the total amount of numbers in the frequency field can be
selected in the hamlib page of the preferences dialog.

\section{Log Sorting}
If you select "Tools$\rightarrow$Sort by Date", your log will be sorted by date and
time. Log sorting assumes that the whole log is created with the same locale.
Also, the log date should have the format "dd mmm yyyy" in your locale, e.g.
"01 May 2004" in English, "01 mai 2004" in French, etc. You can check the
correct month name for your language settings by using the command:

\begin{quote}
\$ date --date='01 May'
\end{quote}

The time should be formatted as "HHMM", e.g. "1423". The sorted log will be
marked as changed. It is recommended to save the log under some other name,
so the original log will be safe. You should check this log for correct dates
and times before overwriting the original log. If the log is not correctly
sorted, start xlog from a terminal to see if sorting produces any errors.

\pagebreak

\section{Defaults}
"Settings $\rightarrow$ Default" will show a dialog where you can fill in default values for
logging. These values will be used when selecting "Edit $\rightarrow$ Click All" from the
menu.

\begin{figure}[h]
 \centering
 \includegraphics{../images/xlog-defaultsdialog.png}
 % xlog-defaultsdialog.png: 316x343 pixel, 72dpi, 11.15x12.10 cm, viewport=0 0 200 210
 \caption{Defaults dialog}
\end{figure}

\section{Worked before}
When you select Worked Before from the tools menu, a dialog will be displayed
which shows a sorted list of contacts while you are typing in the callsign
entry. This is especially useful in contests.

\begin{figure}[h]
 \centering
 \includegraphics{../images/xlog-workedwindow.png}
 % xlog-workedwindow.png: 508x215 pixel, 72dpi, 17.92x7.58 cm, viewport=0 0 200 100
 \caption{Worked before window}
\end{figure}

The number of columns shown in this dialog can be adjusted from the
"Settings $\rightarrow$ Dialogs and Windows" menu (first page).

\pagebreak

\section{Scoring}
Xlog will keep track of your DXCC scoring and will display worked and confirmed
countries and DXCC information in a separate window, called the scoring window.
The top table of this window displays the number of times a country is worked
or "0" if confirmed. The bottom table shows the total number of DXCC countries.

\begin{figure}[h]
 \centering
 \includegraphics{../images/xlog-scorewindow.png}
 % xlog-scorewindow.png: 604x237 pixel, 72dpi, 21.31x8.36 cm, viewport=0 0 300 150
 \caption{Scoring window}
\end{figure}

Xlog can also keep track of
WAC (Worked All Continents), 
WAS (Worked All States), 
WAZ (Worked All Zones)
and IOTA (Islands On The Air) 
scoring. You will
have to enable it in the Scoring page of the
"Settings $\rightarrow$ Dialogs and Windows" dialog. This will add an extra
page to the scoring window. The "Settings $\rightarrow$ Dialogs and Windows"
dialog can also be used to enable Grid Locator scoring. For this to work the
log will need to have the Locator field added.

Xlog will look up the prefix of a callsign and display DXCC information together
with calculated distance and beam heading in the left frame. In a log where a
QTH locator field is present, distance and azimuth to the locator is calculated
and displayed in a separate frame.

If DXCC lookup fails you can enter a valid country in the AWARDS
field of the log. The correct format for this string is 'DXCC-' followed
by the desired prefix (see ''Help $\rightarrow$ DXCC list`` from the menu).
Continent lookups can be corrected by adding a 'WAC-' string
followed by the continent to the AWARDS columns. Valid continent names are
AS, AF, OC, NA, SA and EU. The same goes for WAZ scoring, the correct format
for this is 'WAZ-' followed by a number from 0 to 50.

The AWARDS field can also be used to add WAS and IOTA scoring. The 'WAS-'
string needs a US state added, valid US states are:
AL, AK, AZ, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, FL, GA, HI, ID, IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, ME, MD,
MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NJ, NM, NY, NC, ND, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC,
SD, TN, TX, UT, VT, VA, WA, WV, WI and WY.
The "IOTA-" string needs a continent followed by a number, e.g. "IOTA-EU-038"
is the island of Ameland of the Dutch northern coast.


\pagebreak

\section{Keyer window}
The keyer window, available under the Tools Menu, is in fact a simple
(contesting) interface for cwdaemon. You can program all of your function keys
with CW messages and control your speed here. Clicking the stop button or
using the 'ESC' key will abort any messages. You can also see a counter for
serial numbers, a toggle box for short serial numbers and a menu for selecting
either CQ or "Search \& Pound" mode.

\begin{figure}[h]
 \centering
 \includegraphics{../images/xlog-keyerwindow.png}
 % xlog-keyerwindow.png: 356x367 pixel, 72dpi, 12.56x12.95 cm, viewport=0 0 150 150
 \caption{Keyer window}
\end{figure}

The bottom text entry can be used to typecharacters. The function key entries
can use the following macros:

\begin{description}
\item[\%] - my callsign
\item[@] - his callsign
\item[\#] - number counter
\end{description}

The number counter will auto-increment. The defaults dialog can be used to fill
in default reports for a contest, the \# macro can be used in the TX(RST) field
of this dialog.

\subsection{Running a contest in CQ mode}
\begin{description}
\item - cursor on the callsign field
\item - \textless enter\textgreater on an empty callsign field will call \textless F1 \textgreater: "CQ de PG4I PG4I test"
\item - enter the callsign you hear and hit \textless enter \textgreater
\item - \textless F3 \textgreater will be sent: "PA0R 5nntt1"
\item - exchange entries will be filled in from the defaults dialog
\item - xlog will jump to the end of the exchange field \textless RX(RST) \textgreater
\item - enter the exchange number you hear and hit \textless enter \textgreater
\item - xlog will complete the date, time and frequency entries
\item - the \textless CQTU \textgreater entry will now be sent: "tu PG4I test"
\item - use \textless ctl-a \textgreater to log the QSO
\item - the counter will be incremented
\item - all fields will be cleared and xlog will jump to the callsign field
\end{description}

\subsection{Running a contest IN S\&P mode}
\begin{description}
\item - cursor on the callsign field
\item - enter the callsign you here and hit \textless enter \textgreater
\item - \textless F6 \textgreater will be sent: "PG4I"
\item - exchange entries will be filled in from the defaults dialog
\item - xlog will jump to the end of the exchange field \textless RX(RST) \textgreater
\item - fill in the exchange and hit \textless enter \textgreater
\item - \textless S\&PTU \textgreater will be sent: "TU 5nntt1"
\item - use \textless ctl-a \textgreater to log the QSO
\item - the counter will be incremented
\item - all fields will be cleared and xlog will jump to the callsign field
\end{description}

\pagebreak

\section{Data exchange}
xlog can exchange data with \textbf{twpsk} (version 2.0 and higher) by WA0EIR. When a
callsign is entered, it will show up in twpsk's send widget (where you type
your text) when hitting Shift+Alt+h. Shift+Alt+o will show 'hiscall de mycall'.

\medskip 

\textbf{gmfsk} by OH2BNS (starting at version 0.4) can send logging data to xlog, when
clicking on the 'Log entry' button.

\medskip 

\textbf{Marote} (version 2.3 or later), a rig control program for the elecraft K2
by AB6CV does the same when clicking on the 'Log QSO' button.

\medskip 

\textbf{gpsk31} (starting at version 0.3) can exchange log information
when the QSO details dialog is open.

\medskip 

\textbf{ktrack} by LX2GT (starting at version 0.2.1) can exchange satellite information
with xlog. In order to do so, you need to enable the 2 free fields with the
log-editor. Next, select 'add data to QSO frame' in the last page of the
preferences dialog.

\pagebreak

\section{Importing and exporting logs}
xlog supports ADIF, Cabrillo, EDI (VHF and higher contest format recommended
by IARU region 1), editest, OH1AA, Trlog (tlf) and twlog import. Logs can be
exported to ADIF, Cabrillo and EDI. The apropriate option menu should be
selected for the file type when importing or exporting a log.

\begin{figure}[h]
 \centering
 \includegraphics{../images/xlog-importdialog.png}
 \caption{Import dialog}
\end{figure}

\medskip 

\textit{Please check your log before importing it and make sure it has the right
  log format. The "Log $\rightarrow$ Import" dialog adds a preview widget which reads the
  first 10 lines of your log, so you can check it.}

\subsection{EDI}

When using EDI export, you should have enabled the locator field in the log.
Xlog will automatically calculate the distance and add it to the log.
When using ADIF export you can decide to convert frequency to band. Please use
the "Save As" page of the "Settings $\rightarrow$ Dialogs and Windows"
dialog to set this.

\subsection{TSV}

The TSV (Tab Separated Value) export format is used by glabels (see the chapter
on QSL labels), but this can also be used as a way to import log data into
a spreadsheet. You can also use the "Save As" page of the
"Settings $\rightarrow$ Dialogs and Windows"
dialog to define the fields to export.

\subsection{Cabrillo}

The Cabrillo log format is the defacto standard format for log submission in
many contests. It's aim is to be ``an interface between logging program
authors and contest sponsors.'' As such, the information in the file is 
generally limited with respect to day-to-day logging of contacts. 

Xlog will import from and export to Cabrillo 2.0 files using the QSO template 
for DARC Worked All Europe. This format is very similar to, and in most cases 
should work for the QSO template for other ARRL and CQ contests, Stew Perry 
contest, Oceania DX Contest and AP Sprint.

\begin{verbatim}
                              --------info sent------- -------info rcvd--------
QSO: freq  mo date       time call          rst exch   call          rst exch  
QSO: ***** ** yyyy-mm-dd nnnn ************* nnn ****** ************* nnn ******
QSO:  3799 PH 2003-03-23 0711 YB1AQS        59  700    DL8WPX        59  001   
0000000001111111111222222222233333333334444444444555555555566666666667777777777
1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789
\end{verbatim}

Xlog will additionally attempt to import QSOs from Cabrillo files claiming to
be for the Sweepstakes, NAQP and NA Sprint contests by matching the CONTEST
tag and adjusting it's input parsing accordingly. When the CONTEST tag
matches RSGB-IOTA or ARRL an attempt is done to add IOTA and WAS scoring to
the AWARDS field in the log.

Xlog does not have contest specific exchange fields, instead the exchange data
should go in the RST field. On export the data after the RS or RST 
is split out for the exchange field of the Cabrillo file. On import the extra
exchange data is joined with the RST into Xlog's TX and RX RST fields. 

See also:
\begin{description}
\item \url{http://www.kkn.net/~trey/cabrillo}
\item logfile/cabrillo.c
\end{description}

\section{Merging logs}
xlog allows merging of 2 logs by selecting Log $\rightarrow$ Merge from the menu. You
will need to select 2 log names. The new log will be called "log1+log2" after
merging.

\begin{figure}[h]
 \centering
 \includegraphics{../images/xlog-mergelogdialog.png}
 % xlog-mergelogdialog.png: 358x211 pixel, 72dpi, 12.63x7.44 cm, viewport=0 0 150 100
 \caption{Merge dialog}
\end{figure}


Before you merge logs, you need to make sure they have the same number of
columns by using the log-editor to add or remove columns. After merging, you
can use "Tools $\rightarrow$ Sort by Date" to sort your log.

\section{Fonts and theming}
Xlog fonts are handled by the GTK theme engine. When you use the gnome2 desktop,
start up gnome-font-properties. Otherwise, edit ~/.gtkrc-2.0 and add a line
like:

\begin{quote}
\texttt{gtk-font-name = "Times New Roman 14"}
\end{quote}

Or whatever. GNOME 2 applies its own settings to GTK2 programs with the
gnome-settings-daemon. When the daemon is running, GTK2 programs will use the
GNOME settings instead of those present in .gtkrc-2.0. There is also an
application called gtk-theme-switch2, which you can use to
adjust both appearance and font, whether you use gnome or not.

\section{Authors}
xlog was written by Joop Stakenborg \textless pg4i at amsat.org \textgreater.
The low level log format was designed by Stephane Fillod
\textless f8cfe at free.fr \textgreater. There were contributions by many people.

\end{document}