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<html><head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>xml2: Reference</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css">
</head>
<body>
<h1>XML/Unix Processing Tools Documentation</h1>
<h3>Usage</h3>
<p>There are six tools. They are all simple filters, reading information
from standard input in one format and writing the same information to
standard output in a different format.</p>
<table>
<tbody><tr><th>Tool name</th><th>Input</th><th>Output</th>
</tr><tr><td>xml2</td> <td>XML</td> <td>Flat</td>
</tr><tr><td>html2</td> <td>HTML</td> <td>Flat</td>
</tr><tr><td>csv2</td> <td>CSV</td> <td>Flat</td>
</tr><tr><td>2xml</td> <td>Flat</td> <td>XML</td>
</tr><tr><td>2html</td> <td>Flat</td> <td>HTML</td>
</tr><tr><td>2csv</td> <td>Flat</td> <td>CSV</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
<p>The ``Flat'' format is specific to these tools. It is a syntax for
representing structured markup in a way that makes it easy to process with
line-oriented tools. The same format is used for HTML, XML, and CSV; in
fact, you can think of <em>html2</em> as converting HTML to XHTML and
running <em>xml2</em> on the result; likewise <em>2html</em> and
<em>2xml</em>.</p>
<p>CSV (comma-separated value) files are less expressive than XML or HTML
(CSV has no hierarchy), so <em>xml2 | 2csv</em> is a lossy conversion.</p>
<h3>File Format</h3>
<p>To use these tools effectively, it's important to understand the ``Flat''
format. Unfortunately, I'm lazy and sloppy; rather than provide a precise
definition of the relationship between XML and ``Flat'', I will simply
give you a pile of examples and hope you can generalize correctly.
(Good luck!)</p>
<table>
<tbody><tr><th>XML</th><th>Flat equivalent</th>
</tr><tr>
<td><thing/></td>
<td>/thing</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr></td>
</tr><tr>
<td><thing><subthing/></thing></td>
<td>/thing/subthing</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr></td>
</tr><tr>
<td><thing>stuff</thing></td>
<td>/thing=stuff</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr></td>
</tr><tr>
<td>
<thing><br>
<span class="items">
<subthing>substuff</subthing><br>
stuff<br>
</span>
</thing><br>
</td>
<td>
/thing/subthing=substuff<br>
/thing=stuff<br>
</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr></td>
</tr><tr>
<td>
<person><br>
<span class="items">
<name>Juan Doé</name><br>
<occupation>Zillionaire</occupation><br>
<pet>Dogcow</pet><br>
<address><br>
<span class="items">
123 Camino Real<br>
<city>El Dorado</city><br>
<state>AZ</state><br>
<zip>12345</zip><br>
</span>
</address><br>
<important/><br>
</span>
</person><br>
</td>
<td>
/person/name=Juan Doé<br>
/person/occupation=Zillionaire<br>
/person/pet=Dogcow<br>
/person/address=123 Camino Real<br>
/person/address/city=El Dorado<br>
/person/address/state=AZ<br>
/person/address/zip=12345<br>
/person/important
</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr></td>
</tr><tr>
<td>
<collection><br>
<span class="items">
<group><br>
<span class="items">
<thing>stuff</thing><br>
<thing>stuff</thing><br>
</span>
</group><br>
</span>
</collection><br>
</td>
<td>
/collection/group/thing=stuff<br>
/collection/group/thing<br>
/collection/group/thing=stuff<br>
</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr></td>
</tr><tr>
<td>
<collection><br>
<span class="items">
<group><br>
<span class="items">
<thing>stuff</thing><br>
</span>
</group><br>
<group><br>
<span class="items">
<thing>stuff</thing><br>
</span>
</group><br>
</span>
</collection><br>
</td>
<td>
/collection/group/thing=stuff<br>
/collection/group<br>
/collection/group/thing=stuff<br>
</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr></td>
</tr><tr>
<td>
<thing><br>
<span class="items">
stuff<br>
<br>
more stuff<br>
&lt;other stuff&gt;
</span>
</thing><br>
</td>
<td>
/thing=stuff<br>
/thing=<br>
/thing=more stuff<br>
/thing=<other stuff><br>
</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr></td>
</tr><tr>
<td><thing flag="value">stuff</thing></td>
<td>
/thing/@flag=value<br>
/thing=stuff<br>
</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr></td>
</tr><tr>
<td>
<?processing instruction?><br>
<thing/>
</td><td>
/?processing=instruction<br>
/thing<br>
</td>
</tr></tbody></table>
<p>(TO DO: Add equivalent examples for CSV files.)</p>
<hr>
<a href="">XML/Unix Processing Tools</a>
</body></html>
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