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<div class="sect1">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
<a name="xmlsec-verify-with-restrictions"></a>Verifying a signature with additional restrictions.</h2></div></div></div>
<div class="sect2">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="xmlsec-example-verify4"></a>verify4.c</h3></div></div></div>
<div class="informalexample"><pre class="programlisting">
/**
 * XML Security Library example: Verifying a simple SAML response with X509 certificate
 *
 * Verifies a simple SAML response. In addition to regular verification
 * we ensure that the signature has only one &lt;dsig:Reference/&gt; element
 * with an empty or NULL URI attribute and one enveloped signature transform
 * as it is required by SAML specification.
 *
 * This example was developed and tested with OpenSSL crypto library. The
 * certificates management policies for another crypto library may break it.
 *
 * Usage:
 *      verify4 &lt;signed-file&gt; &lt;trusted-cert-pem-file1&gt; [&lt;trusted-cert-pem-file2&gt; [...]]
 *
 * Example (success):
 *      ./verify4 verify4-res.xml ca2cert.pem cacert.pem
 *
 * Example (failure):
 *      ./verify4 verify4-bad-res.xml ca2cert.pem cacert.pem
 * In the same time, verify3 example successfully verifies this signature:
 *      ./verify3 verify4-bad-res.xml ca2cert.pem cacert.pem
 *
 * This is free software; see Copyright file in the source
 * distribution for preciese wording.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2002-2024 Aleksey Sanin &lt;aleksey@aleksey.com&gt;. All Rights Reserved.
 */
#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
#include &lt;string.h&gt;
#include &lt;assert.h&gt;

#include &lt;libxml/tree.h&gt;
#include &lt;libxml/xmlmemory.h&gt;
#include &lt;libxml/parser.h&gt;

#ifndef XMLSEC_NO_XSLT
#include &lt;libxslt/xslt.h&gt;
#include &lt;libxslt/security.h&gt;
#endif /* XMLSEC_NO_XSLT */

#include &lt;xmlsec/xmlsec.h&gt;
#include &lt;xmlsec/xmltree.h&gt;
#include &lt;xmlsec/xmldsig.h&gt;
#include &lt;xmlsec/crypto.h&gt;

xmlSecKeysMngrPtr load_trusted_certs(char** files, int files_size);
int verify_file(xmlSecKeysMngrPtr mngr, const char* xml_file);
int verify_signature_results(xmlSecDSigCtxPtr dsigCtx);

int
main(int argc, char **argv) {
#ifndef XMLSEC_NO_XSLT
    xsltSecurityPrefsPtr xsltSecPrefs = NULL;
#endif /* XMLSEC_NO_XSLT */
    xmlSecKeysMngrPtr mngr;

    assert(argv);

    if(argc &lt; 3) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error: wrong number of arguments.\n");
        fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s &lt;xml-file&gt; &lt;cert-file1&gt; [&lt;cert-file2&gt; [...]]\n", argv[0]);
        return(1);
    }

    /* Init libxml and libxslt libraries */
    xmlInitParser();
    LIBXML_TEST_VERSION
    xmlLoadExtDtdDefaultValue = XML_DETECT_IDS | XML_COMPLETE_ATTRS;
    xmlSubstituteEntitiesDefault(1);
#ifndef XMLSEC_NO_XSLT
    xmlIndentTreeOutput = 1;
#endif /* XMLSEC_NO_XSLT */

    /* Init libxslt */
#ifndef XMLSEC_NO_XSLT
    /* disable everything */
    xsltSecPrefs = xsltNewSecurityPrefs();
    xsltSetSecurityPrefs(xsltSecPrefs,  XSLT_SECPREF_READ_FILE,        xsltSecurityForbid);
    xsltSetSecurityPrefs(xsltSecPrefs,  XSLT_SECPREF_WRITE_FILE,       xsltSecurityForbid);
    xsltSetSecurityPrefs(xsltSecPrefs,  XSLT_SECPREF_CREATE_DIRECTORY, xsltSecurityForbid);
    xsltSetSecurityPrefs(xsltSecPrefs,  XSLT_SECPREF_READ_NETWORK,     xsltSecurityForbid);
    xsltSetSecurityPrefs(xsltSecPrefs,  XSLT_SECPREF_WRITE_NETWORK,    xsltSecurityForbid);
    xsltSetDefaultSecurityPrefs(xsltSecPrefs);
#endif /* XMLSEC_NO_XSLT */

    /* Init xmlsec library */
    if(xmlSecInit() &lt; 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error: xmlsec initialization failed.\n");
        return(-1);
    }

    /* Check loaded library version */
    if(xmlSecCheckVersion() != 1) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error: loaded xmlsec library version is not compatible.\n");
        return(-1);
    }

    /* Load default crypto engine if we are supporting dynamic
     * loading for xmlsec-crypto libraries. Use the crypto library
     * name ("openssl", "nss", etc.) to load corresponding
     * xmlsec-crypto library.
     */
#ifdef XMLSEC_CRYPTO_DYNAMIC_LOADING
    if(xmlSecCryptoDLLoadLibrary(NULL) &lt; 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error: unable to load default xmlsec-crypto library. Make sure\n"
                        "that you have it installed and check shared libraries path\n"
                        "(LD_LIBRARY_PATH and/or LTDL_LIBRARY_PATH) environment variables.\n");
        return(-1);
    }
#endif /* XMLSEC_CRYPTO_DYNAMIC_LOADING */

    /* Init crypto library */
    if(xmlSecCryptoAppInit(NULL) &lt; 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error: crypto initialization failed.\n");
        return(-1);
    }

    /* Init xmlsec-crypto library */
    if(xmlSecCryptoInit() &lt; 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error: xmlsec-crypto initialization failed.\n");
        return(-1);
    }

    /* create keys manager and load trusted certificates */
    mngr = load_trusted_certs(&amp;(argv[2]), argc - 2);
    if(mngr == NULL) {
        return(-1);
    }

    /* verify file */
    if(verify_file(mngr, argv[1]) &lt; 0) {
        xmlSecKeysMngrDestroy(mngr);
        return(-1);
    }

    /* destroy keys manager */
    xmlSecKeysMngrDestroy(mngr);

    /* Shutdown xmlsec-crypto library */
    xmlSecCryptoShutdown();

    /* Shutdown crypto library */
    xmlSecCryptoAppShutdown();

    /* Shutdown xmlsec library */
    xmlSecShutdown();

    /* Shutdown libxslt/libxml */
#ifndef XMLSEC_NO_XSLT
    xsltFreeSecurityPrefs(xsltSecPrefs);
    xsltCleanupGlobals();
#endif /* XMLSEC_NO_XSLT */
    xmlCleanupParser();

    return(0);
}

/**
 * load_trusted_certs:
 * @files:              the list of filenames.
 * @files_size:         the number of filenames in #files.
 *
 * Creates simple keys manager and load trusted certificates from PEM #files.
 * The caller is responsible for destroying returned keys manager using
 * @xmlSecKeysMngrDestroy.
 *
 * Returns the pointer to newly created keys manager or NULL if an error
 * occurs.
 */
xmlSecKeysMngrPtr
load_trusted_certs(char** files, int files_size) {
    xmlSecKeysMngrPtr mngr;
    int i;

    assert(files);
    assert(files_size &gt; 0);

    /* create and initialize keys manager, we use a simple list based
     * keys manager, implement your own xmlSecKeysStore klass if you need
     * something more sophisticated
     */
    mngr = xmlSecKeysMngrCreate();
    if(mngr == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error: failed to create keys manager.\n");
        return(NULL);
    }
    if(xmlSecCryptoAppDefaultKeysMngrInit(mngr) &lt; 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error: failed to initialize keys manager.\n");
        xmlSecKeysMngrDestroy(mngr);
        return(NULL);
    }

    for(i = 0; i &lt; files_size; ++i) {
        assert(files[i]);

        /* load trusted cert */
        if(xmlSecCryptoAppKeysMngrCertLoad(mngr, files[i], xmlSecKeyDataFormatPem, xmlSecKeyDataTypeTrusted) &lt; 0) {
            fprintf(stderr,"Error: failed to load pem certificate from \"%s\"\n", files[i]);
            xmlSecKeysMngrDestroy(mngr);
            return(NULL);
        }
    }

    return(mngr);
}

/**
 * verify_file:
 * @mngr:               the pointer to keys manager.
 * @xml_file:           the signed XML file name.
 *
 * Verifies XML signature in #xml_file.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success or a negative value if an error occurs.
 */
int
verify_file(xmlSecKeysMngrPtr mngr, const char* xml_file) {
    xmlDocPtr doc = NULL;
    xmlNodePtr node = NULL;
    xmlSecDSigCtxPtr dsigCtx = NULL;
    int res = -1;

    assert(mngr);
    assert(xml_file);

    /* load file */
    doc = xmlReadFile(xml_file, NULL, XML_PARSE_PEDANTIC | XML_PARSE_NONET);
    if ((doc == NULL) || (xmlDocGetRootElement(doc) == NULL)){
        fprintf(stderr, "Error: unable to parse file \"%s\"\n", xml_file);
        goto done;
    }

    /* find start node */
    node = xmlSecFindNode(xmlDocGetRootElement(doc), xmlSecNodeSignature, xmlSecDSigNs);
    if(node == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error: start node not found in \"%s\"\n", xml_file);
        goto done;
    }

    /* create signature context */
    dsigCtx = xmlSecDSigCtxCreate(mngr);
    if(dsigCtx == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr,"Error: failed to create signature context\n");
        goto done;
    }

    /* limit the Reference URI attributes to empty or NULL */
    dsigCtx-&gt;enabledReferenceUris = xmlSecTransformUriTypeEmpty;

    /* limit allowed transforms for signature and reference processing */
    if((xmlSecDSigCtxEnableSignatureTransform(dsigCtx, xmlSecTransformInclC14NId) &lt; 0) ||
       (xmlSecDSigCtxEnableSignatureTransform(dsigCtx, xmlSecTransformExclC14NId) &lt; 0) ||
       (xmlSecDSigCtxEnableSignatureTransform(dsigCtx, xmlSecTransformSha1Id) &lt; 0) ||
       (xmlSecDSigCtxEnableSignatureTransform(dsigCtx, xmlSecTransformRsaSha1Id) &lt; 0)) {

        fprintf(stderr,"Error: failed to limit allowed signature transforms\n");
        goto done;
    }
    if((xmlSecDSigCtxEnableReferenceTransform(dsigCtx, xmlSecTransformInclC14NId) &lt; 0) ||
       (xmlSecDSigCtxEnableReferenceTransform(dsigCtx, xmlSecTransformExclC14NId) &lt; 0) ||
       (xmlSecDSigCtxEnableReferenceTransform(dsigCtx, xmlSecTransformSha1Id) &lt; 0) ||
       (xmlSecDSigCtxEnableReferenceTransform(dsigCtx, xmlSecTransformEnvelopedId) &lt; 0)) {

        fprintf(stderr,"Error: failed to limit allowed reference transforms\n");
        goto done;
    }

    /* in addition, limit possible key data to valid X509 certificates only */
    if(xmlSecPtrListAdd(&amp;(dsigCtx-&gt;keyInfoReadCtx.enabledKeyData), BAD_CAST xmlSecKeyDataX509Id) &lt; 0) {
        fprintf(stderr,"Error: failed to limit allowed key data\n");
        goto done;
    }

    /* Verify signature */
    if(xmlSecDSigCtxVerify(dsigCtx, node) &lt; 0) {
        fprintf(stderr,"Error: signature verify\n");
        goto done;
    }

    /* check that we have only one Reference */
    if((dsigCtx-&gt;status == xmlSecDSigStatusSucceeded) &amp;&amp;
        (xmlSecPtrListGetSize(&amp;(dsigCtx-&gt;signedInfoReferences)) != 1)) {

        fprintf(stderr,"Error: only one reference is allowed\n");
        goto done;
    }

    /* verif results and print outcome to stdout */
    if(verify_signature_results(dsigCtx) == 0) {
        fprintf(stdout, "Signature is OK\n");
    } else {
        fprintf(stdout, "Signature is INVALID\n");
    }

    /* success */
    res = 0;

done:
    /* cleanup */
    if(dsigCtx != NULL) {
        xmlSecDSigCtxDestroy(dsigCtx);
    }

    if(doc != NULL) {
        xmlFreeDoc(doc);
    }
    return(res);
}


/**
 * verify_signature_results:
 * @dsigCtx:            the XMLDSig context
 *
 * Verifies XML signature results to ensure that signature was applied
 * to the expected data.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success or a negative value if an error occurs.
 */
int
verify_signature_results(xmlSecDSigCtxPtr dsigCtx) {
    xmlSecDSigReferenceCtxPtr dsigRefCtx;
    xmlSecTransformPtr transform;

    assert(dsigCtx);

    /* check that signature verification succeeded */
    if(dsigCtx-&gt;status != xmlSecDSigStatusSucceeded) {
        fprintf(stderr,"Error: Signature verificaton result is not SUCCESS\n");
        return(-1);
    }

    /* in this example we expect exactly ONE reference with URI="" and
    *  exactly ONE enveloped signature transform (i.e. the whole document is signed)*/
    if(xmlSecPtrListGetSize(&amp;(dsigCtx-&gt;signedInfoReferences)) != 1) {
        fprintf(stderr,"Error: Exactly one Reference is expected\n");
        return(-1);
    }
    dsigRefCtx = (xmlSecDSigReferenceCtxPtr)xmlSecPtrListGetItem(&amp;(dsigCtx-&gt;signedInfoReferences), 0);
    if((dsigRefCtx == NULL) || (dsigRefCtx-&gt;status != xmlSecDSigStatusSucceeded)) {
        fprintf(stderr,"Error: Reference verification result is not SUCCESS\n");
        return(-1);
    }

    /* check URI */
    if(!xmlStrEqual(dsigRefCtx-&gt;uri, BAD_CAST "")) {
        fprintf(stderr,"Error: Reference URI value doesn't match expected one\n");
        return(-1);
    }

    /* check transforms: we expect only one "enveloped signature" transform */
    transform = dsigRefCtx-&gt;transformCtx.first;
    if((transform == NULL) || (!xmlStrEqual(transform-&gt;id-&gt;name, xmlSecNameEnveloped))) {
        fprintf(stderr,"Error: First Transform name '%s' doesn't match expected '%s'\n", (transform != NULL ? transform-&gt;id-&gt;name : BAD_CAST "NULL"), xmlSecNameEnveloped);
        return(-1);
    }

    /* all other transforms should be inserted by XMLSec */
    transform = transform-&gt;next;
    while(transform != NULL) {
        if((transform-&gt;flags &amp; XMLSEC_TRANSFORM_FLAGS_USER_SPECIFIED) != 0) {
            fprintf(stderr,"Error: Found unexpected Transform name '%s'\n", transform-&gt;id-&gt;name);
            return(-1);
        }
        transform = transform-&gt;next;
    }

    /* all good! */
    return(0);
}


</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="xmlsec-example-verify4-tmpl"></a>verify4-tmpl.xml</h3></div></div></div>
<div class="informalexample"><pre class="programlisting">
&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&gt;
&lt;!-- 
XML Security Library example: A simple SAML response template (verify4 example). 

Sign it using the following command (replace __ with double dashes):

 ../apps/xmlsec sign __privkey rsakey.pem,rsacert.pem __output verify4-res.xml verify4-tmpl.xml
--&gt;
&lt;Response xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:protocol" xmlns:samlp="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:protocol" IssueInstant="2002-04-18T16:56:54Z" MajorVersion="1" MinorVersion="0" Recipient="https://shire.target.com" ResponseID="7ddc31-ed4a03d703-FB24AD27D96135B68C99FB9AACFE2FFC"&gt;
  &lt;dsig:Signature xmlns:dsig="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#"&gt;
    &lt;dsig:SignedInfo&gt;
      &lt;dsig:CanonicalizationMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315"/&gt;
      &lt;dsig:SignatureMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#rsa-sha1"/&gt;
      &lt;dsig:Reference URI=""&gt;
        &lt;dsig:Transforms&gt;
          &lt;dsig:Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#enveloped-signature"/&gt;
        &lt;/dsig:Transforms&gt;
        &lt;dsig:DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/&gt;
        &lt;dsig:DigestValue/&gt;
      &lt;/dsig:Reference&gt;
    &lt;/dsig:SignedInfo&gt;
    &lt;dsig:SignatureValue/&gt;
    &lt;dsig:KeyInfo&gt;
      &lt;dsig:X509Data/&gt;
    &lt;/dsig:KeyInfo&gt;
  &lt;/dsig:Signature&gt;
  &lt;Status&gt;
    &lt;StatusCode Value="samlp:Success"/&gt;
  &lt;/Status&gt;
  &lt;Assertion xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:assertion" AssertionID="7ddc31-ed4a03d735-FB24AD27D96135B68C99FB9AACFE2FFC" IssueInstant="2002-04-18T16:56:54Z" Issuer="hs.osu.edu" MajorVersion="1" MinorVersion="0"&gt;
    &lt;Conditions NotBefore="2002-04-18T16:56:54Z" NotOnOrAfter="2002-04-18T17:01:54Z"&gt;
      &lt;AudienceRestrictionCondition&gt;
        &lt;Audience&gt;http://middleware.internet2.edu/shibboleth/clubs/clubshib/1.0/&lt;/Audience&gt;
      &lt;/AudienceRestrictionCondition&gt;
    &lt;/Conditions&gt;
    &lt;AuthenticationStatement AuthenticationInstant="2002-04-18T16:56:53Z" AuthenticationMethod="urn:mace:shibboleth:authmethod"&gt;
      &lt;Subject&gt;
        &lt;NameIdentifier Format="urn:mace:shibboleth:1.0:handle" NameQualifier="osu.edu"&gt;foo&lt;/NameIdentifier&gt;
        &lt;SubjectConfirmation&gt;
          &lt;ConfirmationMethod&gt;urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:cm:Bearer&lt;/ConfirmationMethod&gt;
        &lt;/SubjectConfirmation&gt;
      &lt;/Subject&gt;
      &lt;SubjectLocality IPAddress="127.0.0.1"/&gt;
      &lt;AuthorityBinding AuthorityKind="samlp:AttributeQuery" Binding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:bindings:SOAP-binding" Location="https://aa.osu.edu/"/&gt;
    &lt;/AuthenticationStatement&gt;
  &lt;/Assertion&gt;
&lt;/Response&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="xmlsec-example-verify4-res"></a>verify4-res.xml</h3></div></div></div>
<div class="informalexample"><pre class="programlisting">
&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&gt;
&lt;!-- 
XML Security Library example: A simple SAML response template (verify4 example). 

Sign it using the following command (replace __ with double dashes):

 ../apps/xmlsec sign __privkey rsakey.pem,rsacert.pem __output verify4-res.xml verify4-tmpl.xml
--&gt;
&lt;Response xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:protocol" xmlns:samlp="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:protocol" IssueInstant="2002-04-18T16:56:54Z" MajorVersion="1" MinorVersion="0" Recipient="https://shire.target.com" ResponseID="7ddc31-ed4a03d703-FB24AD27D96135B68C99FB9AACFE2FFC"&gt;
  &lt;dsig:Signature xmlns:dsig="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#"&gt;
    &lt;dsig:SignedInfo&gt;
      &lt;dsig:CanonicalizationMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315"/&gt;
      &lt;dsig:SignatureMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#rsa-sha1"/&gt;
      &lt;dsig:Reference URI=""&gt;
        &lt;dsig:Transforms&gt;
          &lt;dsig:Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#enveloped-signature"/&gt;
        &lt;/dsig:Transforms&gt;
        &lt;dsig:DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/&gt;
        &lt;dsig:DigestValue&gt;t1nvDq1bZXEhBIXc/DHcqIrjRyI=&lt;/dsig:DigestValue&gt;
      &lt;/dsig:Reference&gt;
    &lt;/dsig:SignedInfo&gt;
    &lt;dsig:SignatureValue&gt;cj28Qr33wTqwHJzpI+7Mth7HUTr9MKACSH4x/1/AO64FEGiQRoOBB8XuUHZ8tzkP
Azy8FwoZE/Jv5d/0N3ru4Q==&lt;/dsig:SignatureValue&gt;
    &lt;dsig:KeyInfo&gt;
      &lt;dsig:X509Data&gt;
&lt;dsig:X509Certificate&gt;MIIDpzCCA1GgAwIBAgIJAK+ii7kzrdqvMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAMIGcMQswCQYD
VQQGEwJVUzETMBEGA1UECBMKQ2FsaWZvcm5pYTE9MDsGA1UEChM0WE1MIFNlY3Vy
aXR5IExpYnJhcnkgKGh0dHA6Ly93d3cuYWxla3NleS5jb20veG1sc2VjKTEWMBQG
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ZXkuY29tMCAXDTE0MDUyMzE3NTUzNFoYDzIxMTQwNDI5MTc1NTM0WjCBxzELMAkG
A1UEBhMCVVMxEzARBgNVBAgTCkNhbGlmb3JuaWExPTA7BgNVBAoTNFhNTCBTZWN1
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o4IBRTCCAUEwDAYDVR0TBAUwAwEB/zAsBglghkgBhvhCAQ0EHxYdT3BlblNTTCBH
ZW5lcmF0ZWQgQ2VydGlmaWNhdGUwHQYDVR0OBBYEFNf0xkZ3zjcEI60pVPuwDqTM
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MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzETMBEGA1UECBMKQ2FsaWZvcm5pYTE9MDsGA1UEChM0WE1M
IFNlY3VyaXR5IExpYnJhcnkgKGh0dHA6Ly93d3cuYWxla3NleS5jb20veG1sc2Vj
KTEQMA4GA1UECxMHUm9vdCBDQTEWMBQGA1UEAxMNQWxla3NleSBTYW5pbjEhMB8G
CSqGSIb3DQEJARYSeG1sc2VjQGFsZWtzZXkuY29tggkAr6KLuTOt2q0wDQYJKoZI
hvcNAQEFBQADQQAOXBj0yICp1RmHXqnUlsppryLCW3pKBD1dkb4HWarO7RjA1yJJ
fBjXssrERn05kpBcrRfzou4r3DCgQFPhjxga&lt;/dsig:X509Certificate&gt;
&lt;/dsig:X509Data&gt;
    &lt;/dsig:KeyInfo&gt;
  &lt;/dsig:Signature&gt;
  &lt;Status&gt;
    &lt;StatusCode Value="samlp:Success"/&gt;
  &lt;/Status&gt;
  &lt;Assertion xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:assertion" AssertionID="7ddc31-ed4a03d735-FB24AD27D96135B68C99FB9AACFE2FFC" IssueInstant="2002-04-18T16:56:54Z" Issuer="hs.osu.edu" MajorVersion="1" MinorVersion="0"&gt;
    &lt;Conditions NotBefore="2002-04-18T16:56:54Z" NotOnOrAfter="2002-04-18T17:01:54Z"&gt;
      &lt;AudienceRestrictionCondition&gt;
        &lt;Audience&gt;http://middleware.internet2.edu/shibboleth/clubs/clubshib/1.0/&lt;/Audience&gt;
      &lt;/AudienceRestrictionCondition&gt;
    &lt;/Conditions&gt;
    &lt;AuthenticationStatement AuthenticationInstant="2002-04-18T16:56:53Z" AuthenticationMethod="urn:mace:shibboleth:authmethod"&gt;
      &lt;Subject&gt;
        &lt;NameIdentifier Format="urn:mace:shibboleth:1.0:handle" NameQualifier="osu.edu"&gt;foo&lt;/NameIdentifier&gt;
        &lt;SubjectConfirmation&gt;
          &lt;ConfirmationMethod&gt;urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:cm:Bearer&lt;/ConfirmationMethod&gt;
        &lt;/SubjectConfirmation&gt;
      &lt;/Subject&gt;
      &lt;SubjectLocality IPAddress="127.0.0.1"/&gt;
      &lt;AuthorityBinding AuthorityKind="samlp:AttributeQuery" Binding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:bindings:SOAP-binding" Location="https://aa.osu.edu/"/&gt;
    &lt;/AuthenticationStatement&gt;
  &lt;/Assertion&gt;
&lt;/Response&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="xmlsec-example-verify4-bad-tmpl"></a>verify4-bad-tmpl.xml</h3></div></div></div>
<div class="informalexample"><pre class="programlisting">
&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&gt;
&lt;!-- 
XML Security Library example: A simple bad SAML response template (verify4 example). 

Sign it using the following command (replace __ with double dashes):

 ../apps/xmlsec sign __privkey rsakey.pem,rsacert.pem __output verify4--bad-res.xml verify4-bad-tmpl.xml
--&gt;
&lt;Response xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:protocol" xmlns:samlp="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:protocol" IssueInstant="2002-04-18T16:56:54Z" MajorVersion="1" MinorVersion="0" Recipient="https://shire.target.com" ResponseID="7ddc31-ed4a03d703-FB24AD27D96135B68C99FB9AACFE2FFC"&gt;
  &lt;dsig:Signature xmlns:dsig="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#"&gt;
    &lt;dsig:SignedInfo&gt;
      &lt;dsig:CanonicalizationMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315"/&gt;
      &lt;dsig:SignatureMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#rsa-sha1"/&gt;
      &lt;dsig:Reference URI=""&gt;
        &lt;dsig:Transforms&gt;
          &lt;dsig:Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#enveloped-signature"/&gt;
          &lt;dsig:Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116"&gt;
            &lt;dsig:XPath xmlns:samlp_xpath="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:protocol" &gt;
              count(ancestor-or-self::samlp_xpath:Response |
              here()/ancestor::samlp_xpath:Response[1]) =
              count(ancestor-or-self::samlp_xpath:Response)
            &lt;/dsig:XPath&gt;
          &lt;/dsig:Transform&gt;
        &lt;/dsig:Transforms&gt;
        &lt;dsig:DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/&gt;
        &lt;dsig:DigestValue/&gt;
      &lt;/dsig:Reference&gt;
    &lt;/dsig:SignedInfo&gt;
    &lt;dsig:SignatureValue/&gt;
    &lt;dsig:KeyInfo&gt;
      &lt;dsig:X509Data/&gt;
    &lt;/dsig:KeyInfo&gt;
  &lt;/dsig:Signature&gt;
  &lt;Status&gt;
    &lt;StatusCode Value="samlp:Success"/&gt;
  &lt;/Status&gt;
  &lt;Assertion xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:assertion" AssertionID="7ddc31-ed4a03d735-FB24AD27D96135B68C99FB9AACFE2FFC" IssueInstant="2002-04-18T16:56:54Z" Issuer="hs.osu.edu" MajorVersion="1" MinorVersion="0"&gt;
    &lt;Conditions NotBefore="2002-04-18T16:56:54Z" NotOnOrAfter="2002-04-18T17:01:54Z"&gt;
      &lt;AudienceRestrictionCondition&gt;
        &lt;Audience&gt;http://middleware.internet2.edu/shibboleth/clubs/clubshib/1.0/&lt;/Audience&gt;
      &lt;/AudienceRestrictionCondition&gt;
    &lt;/Conditions&gt;
    &lt;AuthenticationStatement AuthenticationInstant="2002-04-18T16:56:53Z" AuthenticationMethod="urn:mace:shibboleth:authmethod"&gt;
      &lt;Subject&gt;
        &lt;NameIdentifier Format="urn:mace:shibboleth:1.0:handle" NameQualifier="osu.edu"&gt;foo&lt;/NameIdentifier&gt;
        &lt;SubjectConfirmation&gt;
          &lt;ConfirmationMethod&gt;urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:cm:Bearer&lt;/ConfirmationMethod&gt;
        &lt;/SubjectConfirmation&gt;
      &lt;/Subject&gt;
      &lt;SubjectLocality IPAddress="127.0.0.1"/&gt;
      &lt;AuthorityBinding AuthorityKind="samlp:AttributeQuery" Binding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:bindings:SOAP-binding" Location="https://aa.osu.edu/"/&gt;
    &lt;/AuthenticationStatement&gt;
  &lt;/Assertion&gt;
&lt;/Response&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="xmlsec-example-verify4-bad-res"></a>verify4-bad-res.xml</h3></div></div></div>
<div class="informalexample"><pre class="programlisting">
&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&gt;
&lt;!-- 
XML Security Library example: A simple bad SAML response (verify4 example). 

This file could be verified with verify3 example (signature is valid)
but verify4 example fails because of XPath transform which is not allowed
in a simple SAML response.

This file was created from a template with the following command (replace __ with double dashes):
 ../apps/xmlsec sign __privkey rsakey.pem,rsacert.pem __output verify4-bad-res.xml verify4-bad-tmpl.xml
--&gt;
&lt;Response xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:protocol" xmlns:samlp="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:protocol" IssueInstant="2002-04-18T16:56:54Z" MajorVersion="1" MinorVersion="0" Recipient="https://shire.target.com" ResponseID="7ddc31-ed4a03d703-FB24AD27D96135B68C99FB9AACFE2FFC"&gt;
  &lt;dsig:Signature xmlns:dsig="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#"&gt;
    &lt;dsig:SignedInfo&gt;
      &lt;dsig:CanonicalizationMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315"/&gt;
      &lt;dsig:SignatureMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#rsa-sha1"/&gt;
      &lt;dsig:Reference URI=""&gt;
        &lt;dsig:Transforms&gt;
          &lt;dsig:Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#enveloped-signature"/&gt;
          &lt;dsig:Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116"&gt;
            &lt;dsig:XPath xmlns:samlp_xpath="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:protocol"&gt;
              count(ancestor-or-self::samlp_xpath:Response |
              here()/ancestor::samlp_xpath:Response[1]) =
              count(ancestor-or-self::samlp_xpath:Response)
            &lt;/dsig:XPath&gt;
          &lt;/dsig:Transform&gt;
        &lt;/dsig:Transforms&gt;
        &lt;dsig:DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/&gt;
        &lt;dsig:DigestValue&gt;t1nvDq1bZXEhBIXc/DHcqIrjRyI=&lt;/dsig:DigestValue&gt;
      &lt;/dsig:Reference&gt;
    &lt;/dsig:SignedInfo&gt;
    &lt;dsig:SignatureValue&gt;PipZFFmmYcSnSU9p5AcOmFbRYoeatERYPy4IRk+jU26xk9sAM6yfhXtbK8csl/0w
rjODj1jGcydBGP9I8kFAfHyZ+Ls+A+53oMNl+tGWfe8iICMowIU1HCxJtPrgbTKk
1gc+VnYJ3IXhoVneeQKqzilXwA5X7FW7hgIecb5KwLShYV3iO8+z8pzt3NEGKAGQ
p/lQmO3EQR4Zu0bCSOk6zXdlOhe5dPVFXJQLlE8Zz3WjGQNo0l4op0ZXKf1B+syH
blHx0tnPQDtSBzQdKohJV39UgkGnL3rd5ggBzyXemjMTX8eFxNZ7bh4UgZ+Wo74W
Zb4ompTc2ImxJfbpszWp8w==&lt;/dsig:SignatureValue&gt;
    &lt;dsig:KeyInfo&gt;
      &lt;dsig:X509Data&gt;
&lt;X509Certificate xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#"&gt;MIIE3zCCBEigAwIBAgIBBTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQQFADCByzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMx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&lt;/X509Certificate&gt;
&lt;/dsig:X509Data&gt;
    &lt;/dsig:KeyInfo&gt;
  &lt;/dsig:Signature&gt;
  &lt;Status&gt;
    &lt;StatusCode Value="samlp:Success"/&gt;
  &lt;/Status&gt;
  &lt;Assertion xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:assertion" AssertionID="7ddc31-ed4a03d735-FB24AD27D96135B68C99FB9AACFE2FFC" IssueInstant="2002-04-18T16:56:54Z" Issuer="hs.osu.edu" MajorVersion="1" MinorVersion="0"&gt;
    &lt;Conditions NotBefore="2002-04-18T16:56:54Z" NotOnOrAfter="2002-04-18T17:01:54Z"&gt;
      &lt;AudienceRestrictionCondition&gt;
        &lt;Audience&gt;http://middleware.internet2.edu/shibboleth/clubs/clubshib/1.0/&lt;/Audience&gt;
      &lt;/AudienceRestrictionCondition&gt;
    &lt;/Conditions&gt;
    &lt;AuthenticationStatement AuthenticationInstant="2002-04-18T16:56:53Z" AuthenticationMethod="urn:mace:shibboleth:authmethod"&gt;
      &lt;Subject&gt;
        &lt;NameIdentifier Format="urn:mace:shibboleth:1.0:handle" NameQualifier="osu.edu"&gt;foo&lt;/NameIdentifier&gt;
        &lt;SubjectConfirmation&gt;
          &lt;ConfirmationMethod&gt;urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:cm:Bearer&lt;/ConfirmationMethod&gt;
        &lt;/SubjectConfirmation&gt;
      &lt;/Subject&gt;
      &lt;SubjectLocality IPAddress="127.0.0.1"/&gt;
      &lt;AuthorityBinding AuthorityKind="samlp:AttributeQuery" Binding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:bindings:SOAP-binding" Location="https://aa.osu.edu/"/&gt;
    &lt;/AuthenticationStatement&gt;
  &lt;/Assertion&gt;
&lt;/Response&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
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