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# -*- encoding=utf-8 -*-
#*************************************************************************
# Copyright (C) 2019 by Robert Caulk *
# rob.caulk@gmail.com *
# *
# This program is free software; it is licensed under the terms of the *
# GNU General Public License v2 or later. See file LICENSE for details. *
#*************************************************************************/
#
# Script demonstrating the use of ThermalEngine by permeating warm fluid
# through a cold packing. Also serves as a validation script for comparison
# with ANSYS CFD. See details in
# Caulk, R., Scholtes, L., Kraczek, M., Chareyre, B. (In Print) A
# pore-scale Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical coupled model for particulate systems.
# Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering. Accepted July 2020.
#
# note: warnings for inifiniteK and Reynolds numbers = nan for boundary
# cells in regular packings are expected. It does not interfere with the
# physics
from yade import pack, ymport
from yade import timing
import numpy as np
import shutil
timeStr = time.strftime('%m-%d-%Y')
num_spheres = 1000 # number of spheres
young = 1e9
rad = 0.003
mn, mx = Vector3(0, 0, 0), Vector3(0.05, 0.05, 0.05) # corners of the initial packing
thermalCond = 2. #W/(mK)
heatCap = 710. #J(kg K)
t0 = 333.15 #K
# micro properties
r = rad
k = 2.0 # 2*k*r
Cp = 710.
rho = 2600.
D = 2. * r
m = 4. / 3. * np.pi * r**2 / rho
# macro diffusivity
identifier = '-flowScenario'
if not os.path.exists('VTK' + timeStr + identifier):
os.mkdir('VTK' + timeStr + identifier)
else:
shutil.rmtree('VTK' + timeStr + identifier)
os.mkdir('VTK' + timeStr + identifier)
if not os.path.exists('txt' + timeStr + identifier):
os.mkdir('txt' + timeStr + identifier)
else:
shutil.rmtree('txt' + timeStr + identifier)
os.mkdir('txt' + timeStr + identifier)
shutil.copyfile(sys.argv[0], 'txt' + timeStr + identifier + '/' + sys.argv[0])
O.materials.append(FrictMat(young=young, poisson=0.5, frictionAngle=radians(3), density=2600, label='spheres'))
O.materials.append(FrictMat(young=young, poisson=0.5, frictionAngle=0, density=0, label='walls'))
walls = aabbWalls([mn, mx], thickness=0, material='walls')
wallIds = O.bodies.append(walls)
sp = O.bodies.append(ymport.textExt('5cmEdge_1mm.spheres', 'x_y_z_r', color=(0.1, 0.1, 0.9), material='spheres'))
print('num bodies ', len(O.bodies))
triax = TriaxialStressController(
maxMultiplier=1. + 2e4 / young,
finalMaxMultiplier=1. + 2e3 / young,
thickness=0,
stressMask=7,
internalCompaction=True,
)
ThermalEngine = ThermalEngine(dead=1, label='thermal')
newton = NewtonIntegrator(damping=0.2)
intRadius = 1
O.engines = [
ForceResetter(),
InsertionSortCollider([Bo1_Sphere_Aabb(aabbEnlargeFactor=intRadius), Bo1_Box_Aabb()]),
InteractionLoop(
[Ig2_Sphere_Sphere_ScGeom(interactionDetectionFactor=intRadius),
Ig2_Box_Sphere_ScGeom()], [Ip2_FrictMat_FrictMat_FrictPhys()], [Law2_ScGeom_FrictPhys_CundallStrack()],
label="iloop"
),
FlowEngine(dead=1, label="flow", multithread=False), ThermalEngine,
GlobalStiffnessTimeStepper(active=1, timeStepUpdateInterval=100, timestepSafetyCoefficient=0.8), triax,
VTKRecorder(iterPeriod=500, fileName='VTK' + timeStr + identifier + '/spheres-', recorders=['spheres', 'thermal', 'intr'], dead=1, label='VTKrec'),
newton
]
#goal = -1e5
#triax.goal1=triax.goal2=triax.goal3=goal
for b in O.bodies:
if isinstance(b.shape, Sphere):
b.dynamic = False # mechanically static
flow.dead = 0
flow.defTolerance = -1 #0.3
flow.meshUpdateInterval = -1
flow.useSolver = 4
flow.permeabilityFactor = 1
flow.viscosity = 0.001
flow.bndCondIsPressure = [1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0]
flow.bndCondValue = [10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
flow.thermalEngine = True
flow.debug = False
flow.fluidRho = 997
flow.fluidCp = 4181.7
flow.getCHOLMODPerfTimings = True
flow.bndCondIsTemperature = [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
flow.thermalEngine = True
flow.thermalBndCondValue = [343.15, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
flow.tZero = t0
flow.pZero = 0
flow.maxKdivKmean = 1
flow.minKdivmean = 0.0001
thermal.dead = 0
thermal.debug = False
thermal.fluidConduction = True
thermal.ignoreFictiousConduction = True
thermal.conduction = True
thermal.thermoMech = False
thermal.solidThermoMech = False
thermal.fluidThermoMech = False
thermal.advection = True
thermal.bndCondIsTemperature = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
thermal.thermalBndCondValue = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
thermal.fluidK = 0.6069 #0.650
thermal.fluidConductionAreaFactor = 1.
thermal.particleT0 = t0
thermal.particleDensity = 2600.
thermal.particleK = thermalCond
thermal.particleCp = heatCap
thermal.useKernMethod = True
#thermal.useHertzMethod=False
timing.reset()
O.dt = 0.1e-3
O.dynDt = False
O.run(1, 1)
flow.dead = 0
def bodyByPos(x, y, z):
cBody = O.bodies[1]
cDist = Vector3(100, 100, 100)
for b in O.bodies:
if isinstance(b.shape, Sphere):
dist = b.state.pos - Vector3(x, y, z)
if np.linalg.norm(dist) < np.linalg.norm(cDist):
cDist = dist
cBody = b
print('found closest body ', cBody.id, ' at ', cBody.state.pos)
return cBody
#bodyOfInterest = bodyByPos(15.998e-3,0.0230911,19.5934e-3)
bodyOfInterest = bodyByPos(0.025, 0.025, 0.025)
# find 10 bodies along x axis
axis = np.linspace(mn[0], mx[0], num=5)
axisBodies = [None] * len(axis)
axisTrue = np.zeros(len(axis))
for i, x in enumerate(axis):
axisBodies[i] = bodyByPos(x, mx[1] / 2, mx[2] / 2)
axisTrue[i] = axisBodies[i].state.pos[0]
print("found body of interest at", bodyOfInterest.state.pos)
from yade import plot
## a function saving variables
def history():
plot.addData(
ftemp1=flow.getPoreTemperature((0.024, 0.023, 0.02545)),
p=flow.getPorePressure((0.025, 0.025, 0.025)),
t=O.time,
i=O.iter,
temp1=axisBodies[0].state.temp,
temp2=axisBodies[1].state.temp,
temp3=axisBodies[2].state.temp,
temp4=axisBodies[3].state.temp,
temp5=axisBodies[4].state.temp,
bodyOfIntTemp=O.bodies[bodyOfInterest.id].state.temp
)
plot.saveDataTxt(
'txt' + timeStr + identifier + '/temps' + identifier + '.txt', vars=('t', 'i', 'p', 'ftemp1', 'temp1', 'temp2', 'temp3', 'bodyOfIntTemp')
)
O.engines = O.engines + [PyRunner(iterPeriod=500, command='history()', label='recorder')]
def pressureField():
flow.saveVtk('VTK' + timeStr + identifier + '/', withBoundaries=False)
O.engines = O.engines + [PyRunner(iterPeriod=2000, command='pressureField()')]
def endFlux():
if O.time >= 30:
flux = 0
n = utils.porosity()
for i in flow.getBoundaryVel(1):
flux += i[0] * i[3] / n # area * velocity / porosity (dividing by porosity because flow engine is computing the darcy velocity)
massFlux = flux * 997
K = abs(flow.getBoundaryFlux(1)) * (flow.viscosity * 0.5) / (0.5**2. * (10. - 0))
d = 8e-3 # sphere diameter
Kc = d**2 / 180. * (n**3.) / (1. - n)**2
print('Permeability', K, 'kozeny', Kc)
print('outlet flux(with vels only):', massFlux, 'compared to CFD = 0.004724 kg/s')
print('sim paused')
O.pause()
O.engines = O.engines + [PyRunner(iterPeriod=10, command='endFlux()')]
VTKrec.dead = 0
from yade import plot
plot.plots = {'t': (('ftemp1', 'k-'), ('bodyOfIntTemp', 'r-'))} #
plot.plot()
O.saveTmp()
print("starting thermal sim")
O.run()
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