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very close to ksh/sh grammar, with csh additions
most features of ksh, bash, and tcsh
can emulate ksh or POSIX sh
81 builtins, 102 options, 162 key bindings
short for loops, ex: for i (*.c) echo $i
select
shell functions
conditional expressions (test builtin, [ ... ], and ksh-style [[ ... ]])
global aliases (may be expanded anywhere on the line)
directory stack access with =num
process substitution (vi =(cmd) edits the output of cmd)
generalized pipes (ls foo >>(cmd1) 2>>(cmd2) pipes stdout to cmd1
and stderr to cmd2)
arithmetic expressions
advanced globbing:
ls **/file searches recursively for "file" in subdirectories
ls file<20-> matches file20, file30, file100, etc.
ls *.(c|pro) matches *.c and *.pro
ls *(R) matches only world-readable files
ls *.c~lex.c matches all .c files except lex.c
null command shorthands:
"< file" is same as "more <file"
"> file" is same as "cat >file"
">> file" is same as "cat >>file"
ksh-style coprocesses
automatic file stream teeing (ls >foo >bar puts output in two places)
chpwd() function run every time you change directory (useful for
updating the status line)
job control
csh-style history
full vi line editing, including "c2w" and "y$" and such things
full emacs line editing
incremental history search
magic-space history
spelling correction
array parameters
$MACHTYPE, $VENDOR and $OSTYPE identify the host machine
$LINENO, $RANDOM, $SECONDS, $cdpath, $COLUMNS, $fignore, $HISTCHARS, $mailpath
$UID, $EUID, $GID, $EGID and $USERNAME can be assigned to
with autocd option, typing a directory name by itself is the same as
typing "cd dirname"
menu completion: pressing TAB repeatedly cycles through the possible matches
incremental path hashing
automatic process time reporting for commands that run over a certain limit
full tcsh-style prompt substitution
utmp login/logout reporting
with histverify option, performing csh-style history expansions causes the
input line to be brought up for editing instead of being executed
with sunkeyboardhack option, accidentally typed trailing ` characters
are removed from the input line (for those of you with Sun keyboards :-) )
autoloaded functions (loaded from a file when they are first referenced)
"cd old new" replaces "old" with "new" in directory string
generalized argument completion, including:
- command name completion
- filename and path completion
- hostname completion
- key binding completion
- option completion
- variable name completion
- user-specified keyword completion
- anything else you can think of
prompt on right side of screen
directory stacks
history datestamps and execution time records
command scheduling (like at(1), but in the shell's context)
tty mode freezing
up to 9 startup files (but you only need 1 or 2)
really 8-bit clean, and we mean it this time
which -a cmd lists all occurrences of "cmd" in the path
dynamically loadable binary modules
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